CONCRETE Building Technology 1
PORTLAND CEMENT
Made from materials which must
contain the proper proportions of lime,
silica, alumina and iron components
Portland cement is sold either in cement
bags of 40 kilos weight or in BULK into
cement trucks
SPECIAL CEMENT
White Portlahd Cement
Same materials as normal Portland except in
color. The manufacturing process is controlled to
produce a pure white, non-staining cement. It is
used primarily for architectural purposes such as
curtain wall and facing panels, decorative
concrete stucco and tile grout, or wherever white
or colored concrete or mortar is specified.
SPECIAL CEMENT
Masonry Cement
Has been specially designed to produce
better mortar than that made with normal
portland cement or with a lime-cement
combination . The mortar made with this
cement has particularly good plasticity and
workability, good adhesion and bond.
SPECIAL CEMENT
Air-entraining Portland Cement
Small amounts of certain air-entraining
agents are added to the clinker and ground
with it to produce air entraining cements,
effective use for resistance to severe frost.
SPECIAL CEMENT
Air-entraining Portland Cement
Small amounts of certain air-entraining
agents are added to the clinker and ground
with it to produce air entraining cements,
effective use for resistance to severe frost.
TYPES OF AGGREGATES
USED IN CONCRETE
Concrete can be considered to be an
artificial stone made by binding together
particles of some inert material with a
paste made of cement and water
TYPES OF AGGREGATES
USED IN CONCRETE
Concrete can be considered to be an
artificial stone made by binding together
particles of some inert material with a
paste made of cement and water
TYPES OF AGGREGATES
USED IN CONCRETE
Aggregates used are sand, gravel crushed stone, cinder,
crushed furnace slag, bumed clay, expanded vermiculite,
and perlite
sand -found in riverbeds, free of salt and must be
washed
fine aggregate - smaller than 1/ 4" diameter stones.
course aggregate - bigger than 1/4'" diameter
stones.
CONCRETE MIX
CONCRETE MIX
The designing of concrete mixtures is
based primarily on the water-cement
ratio theory, which states that the
strength of concrete is inversely
proportional to the amount of water
used per unit (1b) of cement.
CONCRETE MIX
CONTROL OF CONCRETE
MIXES
Slump test – When freshly mixed
concrete is checked to ensure that the
specified slump is being attained
consistently. A standard slump cone is 12
inches high (0.30) and 8 inches (0.20) in
diameter at the bottom and 4 inches
(0.10) on top which is open on both ends.
CONTROL OF CONCRETE
MIXES
CONTROL OF CONCRETE
MIXES
CONTROL OF CONCRETE
MIXES
The cone is filled in three equal layers,
each being tamped or rodded 25 times
with a standard 5/8" bullet nosed rod.
When the cone has been filled and
leveled off, it is lifted carefully and the
amount of slump is measured.
CONTROL OF CONCRETE
MIXES
BRANDS OF PORTLAND
CEMENT
CONCRETE ADDITIVES
CONCRETE ADDITIVES
CONCRETE ADDITIVES
CONCRETE ADDITIVES
CONCRETE ADDITIVES
CONCRETE ADDITIVES
CONCRETE ADDITIVES
CONCRETE ADDITIVES
CONCRETE ADDITIVES
CONCRETE ADDITIVES
