CHOLERA
Present by- Mya Hmue Hay
Thi(Lilac)
2
AGENDA
What is cholera?
How is cholera spread?
Symptoms
Prevention and Control
Treatment
Vaccines
WHAT IS CHOLERA?
• Cholera is an acute diarrheal
infection.
• It is caused by ingestion of food or
water contaminated with the
bacterium Vibrio cholerae.
• People living in places with unsafe
drinking water, and poor sanitation
are at the highest risk of cholera.
HOW IS CHOLERA
SPREAD?
• The cholera bacteria is passed through
feces (poop). It is spread by eating or
drinking food or water contaminated by
the feces (poop) of an infected person.
This occurs more often in
underdeveloped countries lacking proper
water supplies and sewage disposal. It is
not likely that cholera is spread directly
from one person to another.
5
SYMPTOMS
The signs and symptoms of cholera can range
from asymptomatic (with no symptoms) to
profuse diarrhea.
Common symptoms of cholera include:
• Vomiting
• Abdominal discomfort
• Thirst
• Diarrhea
• Leg cramps
• Rapid dehydration
• Irritability or restlessness
6
PREVENTIONS AND CONTROL
The World Health Organization (WHO)
recommends focusing on prevention,
preparedness, and response to combat the spread
of cholera.
• Drink bottled water or water that’s been treated
• Foods should be thoroughly cooked
• Individuals should peel their fruits
• Be wary of ice, raw foods, ice cream, and street
food
• Wash hands frequently and thoroughly
7
TREATMENT
• Oral rehydration
therapy
• Electrolytes
• Antibiotics
• Zinc supplementation
8
ORAL REHYDRATION THERAP
Y
• In most cases, cholera can be successfully
treated with oral rehydration therapy (ORT),
which is highly effective, safe, and simple to
administer.
Cholera patient being treated by oral rehydration therapy
in 1992
9
VACCINES
Currently there are 3 WHO pre-qualified
oral cholera vaccines (OCV):
• Dukoral®,
• Shanchol™,
• Euvichol-Plus®.
All 3 vaccines require 2 doses for full
protection
THANK YOU FOR YOUR WATCHING
AND LISTENING!
Right now, there is also cholera outside, please
take care of yourself!
