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LESSON 3 Practical Applications of EM Waves

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49 views29 pages

LESSON 3 Practical Applications of EM Waves

Uploaded by

Shang Kirstein
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

Radio waves Microwaves Infrared Visible Light Ultraviolet X-Radiation Gamma Ray
01 RADIO
WAVES
• Radio/Television signals
Radio and television signals
are radio waves that are
produced by making
electrons vibrate. It has a
long wavelength capable to
transmit sound and picture
information over long
distances.
01 RADIO
WAVES
• Global Positioning System
(GPS)
A space-based navigation
system that provides
geographical position and time
information anywhere on or
near the earth. It communicates
with stations on the ground
using radio waves.
01 RADIO
WAVES

• Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI)
It is a medical imaging
technique that uses powerful
magnets, computer and radio
waves to make detailed
pictures inside your body.
DID YOU KNOW…
Frequency is an important characteristics of radio wave.
AM broadcast frequency is about 1,000,000 cycles per
second (Hertz). For example, when you tune in to your
favorite AM radio station at 630 on the dial, the radio is
tuning to the radio wave with the frequency of 630,000
cycles per second! On the other hand, FM radio operates
on 100,000,000 cycles per second. So, when you turn to
101.1 FM, your radio is tuning to 101,100,000 cycles per
second frequency.
02 MICRO
WAVES
• Satellite communication
Microwaves are used in satellite
communications because it can penetrate
the earth’s atmosphere. Microwave’s
signals are transmitted by an antenna to a
satellite which amplifies and retransmits the
signal to an antenna in other parts of the
world. This is how we communicate even
from afar.
02 MICRO
WAVES

• Terrestrial communication
A cell phone is a radio transmitter
and receiver that uses microwaves.
Cellular phones depend on
overlapping network of cells. Each
cell has its tower that receives and
sends microwave signals.
02 MICRO
WAVES
• Cooking
The microwaves in a microwave
oven penetrate and agitate the
water molecules within the
food. Thus, they create
molecular friction which
produces heat that will cook the
food.
02 MICRO
WAVES

• RADAR (Radio Detection


and Ranging)
It is a detection system used to
determine the range, angle or
velocity of objects. It can be used
to detect aircraft, ships, and the
like.
03 INFRARED
RADIATIO
N
• Remote control (IR
remote)
It uses LED lights to
transmit signals to
control devices. It emits
pulses of invisible
infrared light.
03 INFRARED
RADIATIO
N
• Thermal imaging through infrared
scanners
Infrared scanner such as thermal imaging
and thermal scanner are used to show the
temperature variation of the body. Our body
radiates infrared and under infrared
cameras, our images appear in a variety
of colors. The differences in color determine
03 INFRARED
RADIATIO
N
• Thermal imaging
through infrared
scanners
For example, shades of blue
and green indicate regions of
colder temperature; and red
and yellow indicate warmer
temperature.
03 INFRARED
RADIATIO
N
• Night vision goggles
- use thermal imaging
technology to capture the
infrared light being emitted
as heat by objects in the
field of view.
04 VISIBLE
LIGHT
•  Enables us to see things around us. It also gives light
to the screen of most electronic devices.
• Artificial lights like
flashlight, lamp etc. are any
light source that produce
light instead of natural
lights produced by the sun.
04 VISIBLE
LIGHT
• Optical fibers
One use of optical fibers in
medicine is endoscope, a flexible
tube with tiny camera that is used to
observe the internal parts of the body.
05 ULTRAVIOLE
T
RADIATION
• Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation
in sunlight interact with a
protein (7-DHC) in the skin,
converting it into vitamin D3,
the active form of vitamin
D, which is essential for
maintaining healthy bones
and teeth.
05 ULTRAVIOLE
T
RADIATION
• Security markings
Sensitive documents such as
credit cards, banknotes, and
passports include a UV
watermark that is only seen
under UV emitting light.
05 ULTRAVIOLE
T
RADIATION
• Sterilization of water
in drinking fountains
Ultraviolet light disinfection is
one water treatment system
that can be used to remove
most forms of microbiological
contamination from water.
05 ULTRAVIOLE
T
RADIATION
• Fluorescence
Some washing powder
contains fluorescent
chemicals which glow in
sunlight. This makes your
shirt look whiter than white
in daylight.
06 X-
RADIATION
• Diagnosing bone fractures
X-rays are produced using an X-
ray tube. They are emitted when
fast moving electrons hit a metal
target. Long wavelength X-rays can
penetrate the flesh but not the
bones that’s why it is used in
diagnosing bone fractures.
06 X-
RADIATION
• Airport security
scanner
The short wavelength X-rays
can penetrate through
metals which can be used in
airport security scanner.
07 GAMMA
RADIATION

• Treat tumors and cancer


through the process called
radiotherapy.
The high-energy rays of gamma
destroys cancer cells in the area
where it is given.
07 GAMMA
RADIATION

Gamma rays sterilize


surgical instruments
because they easily penetrate
through materials and the
energy they release kills
bacteria and other
microorganisms.
EFFECTS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC (EM)
RADIATION ON LIVING THINGS AND THE
ENVIRONMENT

Radio waves Microwaves Infrared Visible Light Ultraviolet X-Radiation Gamma Ray
The effect of EM radiation on
organisms and environment depends
on how much energy it carries.
Radiation can be non-ionizing and
ionizing.
Non-ionizing radiation does not have
enough energy to remove electrons from
atoms and molecules.
• Radio
waves We are exposed to low
• microwaves levels of non-ionizing
• infrared
radiation every day.
• visible light
• ultraviolet
When the exposure is intense and direct, it may result in damage to tissue due to
heat. Right amount of non-ionizing radiation like UV rays maintain the proper
mechanism of ecosystem.

High-energy EM waves like x-rays and


gamma rays are considered as ionizing
radiation.
Our main exposure to ionizing radiation
comes from manmade sources through
the use of diagnostic medical exams.
Excessive exposure to these radiations
can alter molecules within the cells and
may cause eventual harm such as skin or
tissue damage, cancer and death.
When handled improperly, radioactive pollution may occur, where the
air, soil and water will be contaminated. This pollution may eventually
makes its way up to the food chain where all forms of life may be
affected.
Radio/television signals, GPS and MRI are practical applications
of (1) __________________ (radio wave/microwave).
Satellite communication, cooking, terrestrial communication,
and RADAR make use of (2) ________________
(infrared/microwave).
Remote controls, thermal imaging and night vision goggles are
practical applications of (3) ________________
(infrared/ultraviolet).
You can see things around you because of (4) __________________
(gamma rays/visible light) which is also used in optical fibers,
artificial lights and screens of electronic devices.
Vitamin D is produced from (5) ______________ (ultraviolet
In diagnosing bone fractures, we use (6) ______________________
(gamma rays/X-rays).
(7) __________________ (long wavelength X-ray)/short wavelength
X-ray)) is a type of x-ray that can penetrate the flesh while (8)
__________________ (long wavelength X-ray)/short wavelength X-
ray)) can penetrate through metals.
Treating tumors and cancer through the process called
radiotherapy and sterilizing medical equipment are practical
applications of (9) _______________ (gamma rays/ultraviolet).
The effect of Electromagnetic waves on organisms and
environment depends on how much (10) ______________
(wavelength, energy) it carries.

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