CHRISTIANITY

PRESENTED BY GROUP 2
CHRISTIANITY
• Christianity is considered the most popular religion in the world with the
most number of adherents among all religions. Starting around the 1st
century C.E., it developed out of Judaism during the reign of the Roman
Empire in West Asia. It centers on the life, teachings, death, and
resurrection of Jesus Christ, who is considered the Messiah or Savior of
humanity. The most common symbol for Christianity is the cross, for Chris-
tians believe that Jesus died on the cross to save humanity from their sins
and to restore people's relationship with God the Father. Christians also
believe in the Holy Trinity, which means God has three aspects-Father, Son,
and the Holy Spirit. It is believed that God the Father sent His only Son,
Jesus, to earth to redeem humanity from their sins for them to avoid the
eternal flames of hell.
Although there has been a
prophesy in Judaism that God the
Father will send His only Son to
redeem humanity from their sins
and to restore relationship with
God, the Jews do not accept that
Jesus was the fulfillment of that
promise. Instead, the Jews are still
waiting for the Messiah to be sent
by God the Father. Christians, on
the other hand, have accepted that
Jesus is the fulfillment of God's
promise. Nonetheless, Christianity
is considered one of the first
monotheistic religions in the world
and shares many similarities with
Judaism in terms of belief in
prophets, angels, judgement day,
among others. Together with
Judaism and Islam, Christianity is
considered one of the world
religions which traces its origins to
the patriarch Abraham.
SACRED SCRIPTURES
-The Bible is considered the sacred scripture of
Christianity. It is a collection of songs, stories, poetry,
letters, history, as well as literature. It is composed of two
books, the Old Testament and the New Testament. The
Old Testament is considered the original Hebrew Bible,
written between 1200 and 165 B.C.E. The New Testament
was written by Christians around 100 С.Е
THE OLD TESTAMENT
• The Old Testament, also called the Hebrew Bible, is composed of 39 books
which are arranged in three parts: The first five books (Genesis to
Deuteronomy) are considered "The Law" or Torah which may refer to
guidance or instruction. They are called as such because they serve as
guidelines on how people should live their everyday lives, as well as other
legal necessities. Later these books were called the Pentateauch, which were
attributed to Moses. Meanwhile, the second part of the Old Testament is
called "The Prophets" which is divided into two parts, the earlier prophets and
the latter prophets. The book of former prophets is considered historical while
the book of latter prophets contain sayings and stories of the prophets. The
third part is called "The Writings," which include Psalms (songs, prayers, and
worship Liturgies), Proverbs (wise sayings), Job (a drama that explores the
nature of suffering), and the five scrolls (Megiloth) which were grouped
together for their associations with a particular religious festival.
THE NEW TESTAMENT
• The New Testament is composed of 27 books written around 50
to 100 C.E. and is composed of two sections: The Gospels which
tell the story of Jesus (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John); and the
Letters (or Epistles), written by various Christian leaders to serve
as guide to the early Christian communities. They were written
to tell the life and teachings of Jesus. The Acts of Apostles and
Luke tell how Christianity developed from a small group of
Jewish believers to becoming one of the world's major religions.
Revelation is the last book of the New Testament, traditionally
attributed to the apostle John, which is considered an epistle
and an apocalypse.
BELIEFS/DOCTRINES
• Christianity has certain beliefs and doctrines that serve
as moral guidelines for its followers. As much as
possible, Christians should follow these teachings
strictly if they want to redeem God's promise of eternal
life. These teachings are essential to their belief system
as Christians and not following them would lessen their
chances of being called true Christians and reduces their
chances of salvation in the afterlife.
FATHER, SON AND HOLY SPIRIT
• The Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are distinct PersonsThe Bible speaks of
the Father as God (Phil. 1:2), Jesus as God (Titus 2:13), and the Holy
Spirit as God (Acts 5:3-4). Are these just three different ways of looking
at God, or simply ways of referring to three different roles that God
plays?
The answer must be no, because the Bible also indicates that the
Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are distinct Persons. For example, since the
Father sent the Son into the world (John 3:16), He cannot be the same
person as the Son. Likewise, after the Son returned to the Father (John
16:10), the Father and the Son sent the Holy Spirit into the world (John
14:26; Acts 2:33). Therefore, the Holy Spirit must be distinct from the
Father and the Son.
• In the baptism of Jesus, we see the Father speaking from heaven and the Spirit
descending from heaven in the form of a dove as Jesus comes out of the water
(Mark 1:10-11). In John 1:1 it is affirmed that Jesus is God and, at the same time,
that He was "with God"- thereby indicating that Jesus is a distinct Person from
God the Father (cf. also 1:18). And in John 16:13-15 we see that although there is
a close unity between them all, the Holy Spirit is also distinct from the Father and
the Son.
• The fact that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are distinct Persons means, in other
words, that the Father is not the Son, the Son is not the Holy Spirit, and the Holy
Spirit is not the Father. Jesus is God, but He is not the Father or the Holy Spirit.
The Holy Spirit is God, but He is not the Son or the Father. They are different
Persons, not three different ways of looking at God.
• The personhood of each member of the Trinity means that each Person has a
distinct center of consciousness. Thus, they relate to each other personally - the
Father regards Himself as "I," while He regards the Son and Holy Spirit as "You."
Likewise the Son regards Himself as "I," but the Father and the Holy Spirit as
"You."
• Often it is objected that "If Jesus is God, then he must have prayed to
himself while he was on earth." But the answer to this objection lies in
simply applying what we have already seen.
• While Jesus and the Father are both God, they are different Persons. Thus,
Jesus prayed to God the Father without praying to Himself. In fact, it is
precisely the continuing dialogue between the Father and the Son
(Matthew 3:17; 17:5; John 5:19; 11:41-42; 17:1ff) which furnishes the best
evidence that they are distinct Persons with distinct centers of
consciousness.
• Sometimes the Personhood of the Father and Son is appreciated, but the
Personhood of the Holy Spirit is neglected. Sometimes the Spirit is treated
more like a "force" than a Person. But the Holy Spirit is not an it, but a He
(see John 14:26; 16:7-15; Acts 8:16). The fact that the Holy Spirit is a
Person, not an impersonal force (like gravity), is also shown by the fact that
He speaks (Hebrews 3:7), reasons (Acts 15:28), thinks and understands (1
Corinthians 2:10-11), wills (1 Corinthians 12:11), feels (Ephesians 4:30),
and gives personal fellowship (2 Corinthians 13:14).
• These are all qualities of personhood. In addition to these texts, the others
we mentioned above make clear that the Personhood of the Holy Spirit is
distinct from the Personhood of the Son and the Father. They are three real
persons, not three roles God plays.
• Another serious error people have made is to think that the Father became
the Son, who then became the Holy Spirit. Contrary to this, the passages
we have seen imply that God always was and always will be three Persons.
There was make clear that the Personhood of the Holy Spirit is distinct
from the Personhood of the Son and the Father. They are three real
persons, not three roles God plays.Another serious error people have
made is to think that the Father became the Son, who then became the
Holy Spirit. Contrary to this, the passages we have seen imply that God
always was and always will be three Persons. There was never a time when
one of the Persons of the Godhead did not exist. They are all eternal.
• While the three members of the Trinity are distinct, this does not mean
that any is inferior to the other. Instead, they are all identical in attributes.
They are equal in power, love, mercy, justice, holiness, knowledge, and all
other qualities.
SECT
• The term sect is often used to describe different branches or
denominations within a larger religious tradition. While it can be
applied to various religions, it’s particularly relevant to Christianity,
which has a diverse landscape of denominations.
 HERE’S A BREAKDOWN OF THE MAJOR BRANCHES OF
CHRISTIANITY, OFTEN REFERRED TO “AS SECTS”
1.ROMAN CATHOLISM:
-The Roman Catholic Church is the largest Christian denomination,
with over 1.3 billion members worldwide.
-It traces its origins back to the early Church in Rome, and its authority
is centered around the Pope, who is considered the successor of Saint
Peter
-Roman Catholicism emphasizes the role of tradition alongside the
Bible, and it recognizes seven sacraments, including baptism,
communion, and confession
2. GREEK/EASTERN ORTHODOX
-The Eastern Orthodox branch of Christianity, with over 200 million
members worldwide
-It emerged from the Great Schism of 1054, which separated the
Eastern and Western branches of the Church.
-Eastern Orthodoxy emphasizes apostolic of icons in worship.
-It has a decentralized structure, with various autonomous
churches, including the Church of Greece, the Russian Orthodox
Church, and the Serbian Orthodox Church.
3.PROSTESTANISM
-Prostestanism is a broad term encompassing a variety of
denominations that emerged from the Protestant Reformation in
the 16th century.
-It is characterized by its emphasis on sola Scriptura (Scripture
alone) as the ultimate authority in matters of faith.
-Key figures in the Reformation include Martin Luther, John Calvin,
and Ulrich Zwingli
-Major Protestant denominations include Lutheranism, Calvinism,
Presbyterianism, Methodism, and Baptists
SELECTED ISSUES
• We have discussed how the Christian Church was
subdivided into different sects. In order to address the
issue of disunity among Christians, the concept of
ecumenism was adopted by the Roman Catholic Church.
Thus, ecumenism is one important issue in Christianity.
Still, there are some issues which are in conflict with
Christian teachings, concerning sexuality (especially
issues of contraception, abortion, and homosexuality);
divorce; capital punishment and euthanasia.
PARABLE OF THE PRODIGAL SON
-The Parable of the Prodigal Son teaches about
forgiveness, redemption, and unconditional love
through the story of a father welcoming back his
repentant son. It symbolizes God's mercy and the
importance of forgiveness and compassion.
TO REDEEM HUMANKIND FROM ETERNAL DAMNATION. THE
CORE TEACHING OF CHRISTIANITY IS THE MESSAGE THAT A
LOVING GOD SENT HIS BEGOTTEN SON IN ORDER

• The core teaching of Christianity is that God sent His Son, Jesus,
to redeem humanity from eternal damnation through His
sacrificial death and resurrection, demonstrating God’s love and
offering salvation to believers.
WHY THEY ARE CHRISTIANS AND WHAT BELIEFS
AND PRACTICES THEY ADHERE TO

• Christians are followers of Jesus Christ, believing in his

divinity, sacrificial death, and resurrection for salvation.
They practice faith through attending church, prayer,
reading the Bible, and acts of charity.
QUESTION.
1.______ is considered the most popular religion in the world with the most number of adherents among all
religions.

2. What is the most common symbol for Christianity?

3. What is the three aspect?

4. Who is the founder of Christianity?

5.______ largest Christian denomination, with over 1.3 billion.

6. What is another major branch of Christianity with over 20million?

7. A broad term encomposing a variety of denominations?

8. Called the net, new Bible, is composed of 39 books which are arranged in three parts?

9. What is composed of 27 books written around 50 to 200 C.E and is composed of two section?

10. The Bible is considered the ________ of Christianity

ANSWER.
1. Christianity
2. Cross
3. Father, Son, Holy Spirit
4. Jesus
5. Roman Catholism
6. Eastern Orthodox
7. Protestantism
8. Old Testament
9. New Testament
10. Sacred Scriptures
MEMBERS
• LYKA LACUPA
• NICA JOY CEPEDA
• KRISTEL LUMAHAN
• FERLYN DONGOR