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2024 Intro To Philo DOING PHILOSOPHY

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39 views64 pages

2024 Intro To Philo DOING PHILOSOPHY

Uploaded by

hannahpatriciamontano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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???

• At this stage of your life, you might


have so many questions about
yourself and about life. Important
questions that affect life and are
hard to answer but you keep on
searching the answers such as
“Why I am born this way?”, “What
is my purpose in this world?” or
“What makes me happy?”.
• Now, I want you to think of one
significant situation in the past
that you felt inferior or awkward
about yourself. What significant
question/s did you ask yourself
about that particular situation
and how did you overcome such
experience?
DOING
PHILOSOPHY
*Distinguish a holistic perspective
from a partial point of view
PPT11/12-Ia-1.1
*Realize the value of doing
philosophy in obtaining a broad
perspective on life PPT11/12-Ib-1.2
*Apply philosophical reflection on a
concrete situation from a holistic
perspective PPT11/12-Ib-1.3
WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY? WHERE IT
BEGINS?
FROM WONDER
TO WANDER
“Wasn’t it extraordinary to be in
the world right now, wandering
around in a wonderful
adventure!”
― Jostein Gaarder, Sophie's World
Wonder
• To be filled with curiosity or doubt
• An event inexplicable by the laws of nature; a
miracle.
• A feeling of puzzlement or doubt.

Source: Thesaurus Dictionary


Wander: Verb

• Walk or move in a leisurely, casual, or aimless


way.
• An act or instance of wandering.
verb. roam - ramble - rove -
straynoun. wandering - stroll - saunter -
ramble

Source: Thesaurus Dictionary


• Philosophers’ definition-arises out of wonder, out of
curiosity, out of desire to learn, and to understand
things.
• According to the Philosopher, Philosophy is a process
of analysis, criticism, interpretation and speculation
• Analysis-if we know how to synthesis and antithesis.
• Synthesis- put idea together or event of the same
characteristic.
• Antithesis- remove from or put it out, removing
ideas
• Criticism- is a process of commenting or giving a
judgment, even if its positive or negative.
• Interpretation-demonstration of ideas.
• Speculation-being satisfied.
A. Meaning of Philosophy

Etymology
Etymology- or etymological definition of Philosophy
-derived from the Greek words etimos and logos
Etimos-root, origin, cause, basis, history
Logos-study
Etymology-study of the history of the word
Philosophy comes from the Greek Words Philia and
Sofia.
Philia/Philos -love, desire for, interest in
Sofia/Sophia/Sophos -wisdom
Philia and Sofia coined by Pythagoras-600 B.C.
“philo” - love
“sophia” - wisdom
THUS:
1. Philosophy is the love of wisdom

2. Philosophy attempts to answer life's Big


Questions
3. Philosophy is about Questions

4. Philosophers ask Questions about what people


Believe
5. Philosophy is about Examining Ourselves & Our
Beliefs
THERE ARE MANY QUESTIONS but
there are SOME BIG QUESTION

What?

Why?

HOW
What are the REASONS for a
particular belief?
Have you ever looked in the mirror
and asked:
The Unexamined
Life is not worth
living.” (Socrates)
Who am I?
Why am I here?
What should I do with my
life?
What is ‘Philosophy’?
Doing philosophy is a way of
understanding the things that we
experience every day of our life.
It is a practical knowledge that
we can use every day. It also
helps you think and find answers
from the questions you have in
mind.
• It is searching for
knowledge in order to
understand one self
and all other things
that surround the
person.
• When an individual start
to ask questions and
wondering about life, he
began to search and find
meaning of it, then he is
doing philosophy.
Another important
concept to learn is
Philosophical
Reflection. So, what is
Philosophical
Reflection?
Philosophical Reflection
• is an intellectual process where an
individual deeply evaluates their
intentions, decisions, and situations
prior to taking action. It involves
careful examination of life
situations, weighing alternatives,
and using specific standards to
evaluate one's actions
Philosophical Reflection
HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE
VS
PARTIAL POINT OF VIEW
• Partial point of view, judging
things or situation partially; it
could be based on our senses
like what we see or hear.
• However, if we used philosophical
reflection using holistic
perspective, we don’t judge based
only through our senses but we
gather information from our past
experiences, from personal beliefs
and values, and other relevant
facts that can be used in making
the right decision in life.
For example, your teacher
is scolding you for coming
to school late. Is it right to
get angry to your teacher?
Let Us Remember
Doing philosophy can be applied to
daily life experiences. It also allows
an individual to make better
decisions and being able to act
accordingly to what is really
intended in a situation using
philosophical reflection in a holistic
perspective.
As what Socrates said, “Know
Thyself”. This means that in
order for us to fully understand
other people and the things that
happening around us, we must
understand first ourselves.
ACTIVITY TIME!!!
Task 1. Below are sets of actions or
situations that you are going to
analyze. Complete the table by
using holistic perspective strategy.
Remember that holistic perspective
is an approach when making
philosophical reflection in order to
make a better decision in a
particular situation or action.
Situation What you should do first?

1. Posting fake news on social


media.

2. Posting opinions, feelings, and


thoughts on Facebook and
Twitter.
3. Playing online games

4. Choosing which strand to take


in Senior High School

5. Demanding to parents to buy


new clothes or new phone.
Task 2. Study the situation below. Then,
answer the question that follows.
You attend your first day class in the Senior
High school. You are very excited to meet
your new classmates and your teachers. You
notice that this girl in your class is wearing
skinny jeans and white t-shirt. You also
observe that she is wearing light makeup.
After school, you see her again in the
market with an old man.
• What is your initial point
of view about your
classmate?
• How will you change your
partial point of view into
holistic perspective?
BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY
Ethics
Religion

Politics Epistemology

Aesthetics

Philosophy
Logic

Metaphysics

Branches of Philosophy
Ethics
• A philosophical
study on the
morality (goodness
or badness) of
human actions
(conduct)
Ethics
Questions:
How should we live?
What is good and evil?
What is the best way
to live?
What is Justice?
Is right and wrong the
same everywhere or
different everywhere?
Epistemology
Knowledge Science
Studies the nature,
origin, and limits of
human knowledge.
Definition of knowledge
Investigates how knowledge
is obtained
Investigation of what
distinguishes justified belief
from opinion
Epistemological Questions
Metaphysics
The study of
reality and
existence, who
we are, and
what our
purpose is.
What Exists?
•Example Question: Are there
things we can’t see, like spirits
or souls, or is everything just
physical stuff like rocks and
trees?
What is Reality Made Of?
•Example Question: Is
everything made up of physical
stuff, or is there a non-physical
part of reality, like the mind or
soul?
How Do Things Change?
•Example Question: When a
tree loses its leaves in the fall, is
it still the same tree? How do
objects remain the same
despite changes?
Cause and Effect:
*Example Question: What does
it mean for one thing to cause
another? If you push a ball and
it rolls, what is really happening
in terms of cause and effect?
Politics
Political Philosophy
Explores the relationship
between citizens and
governments
Liberty
Legal Justice
Property Ownership
Citizen's Rights
System of Law
Politics
Questions:
How should government be
organized?
What makes a government
legitimate?
Who decides who the
leaders should be?
What laws are good and
necessary?
How should law be
enforced?
Aesthetics
Explores the
nature of beauty,
art, and taste
with the creation
and appreciation
of beauty
Aesthetics
Questions
What is beauty?
What is art?
What is the value of beauty and
art?
Who should judge what is
beautiful or artistic?
How should art and beauty be
judged?
Logic
Rules for Thinking
The systematic principles
(or rules) for thinking
rationally.
Inferences are made by
construction of Arguments
Rules of Logic determine
which arguments are VALID and
which are FALLACIES
Logic
Religion
Philosophy of Religion
Branch of philosophy concerned
with questions regarding
religion
Nature & Existence of God
Theology
Examination of Religious
Experience
Analysis of Religious language
and texts
Religion
Questions
Does God exist?
What is God?
What is the nature of the
relationship between God and
humans?
Is God active in the world?
How?
Is there life after death?
What is the relationship
between Religion and Ethics?
THANK YOU!!! –END—
CREDITS:
I DO NOT OWN THIS
SLIDE. CREDIT TO THE
RIGHTFUL OWNER.

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