In today’s competitive global business environment, organizations need to

implement the right strategies and initiatives for delivering excellence.

In order to understand Project Management, We must first know
what a Project is ?
Project

 Project means they have a specific goal and a set of tasks to reach that goal.
 A project is defined as a sequence of tasks that must be completed to attain a certain outcome.
 A project is a combination of set objectives to be accomplished within a fixed period.
 Projects are temporary efforts to create value through unique products, services, and processes.
 A project is defined as a one-time activity with a series of tasks that produces a specific outcome to
achieve organizational goals.
Projects Characteristics
Projects have several characteristics
 Every project is unique that creates something new or improves something existing
 A Project is a temporary (limited time) with a definite beginning and an end
 A Project operates within certain constraints of time, budget, scope, quality, resources & risks
 A Project is completed when the project’s goals are achieved.
 A project may be canceled or discontinued if it is considered to be no longer viable.

Projects Constraints
The primary constraints of a project are:
1) Time: The schedule for the project to reach completion
2) Cost: The budget allocated for the project to meet its objectives
and complete it on time.
3) Scope: The specific deliverables of the project
4) Quality: The standard of the outcome of the project
Projects are different base on business:
 Temporary: A project has start and end date. It must achieve its objectives within these
dates.
 Cross functional: A project usually involves a team of people with different roles,
responsibilities and skills.
 Unique: Each project is different. Every project aims to solve a particular problem.
 Uncertain: A project often involves more uncertainty and risks than business activities.
Projects Manager
The project managers role is to control the project in each of the project stages and the project manager
monitors these issues:
 COSTS: Project managers have a certain amount of money to spend on the project, this is called budget.
The money must pay for everything the project need.
 TIMESCALES: Project should always have a fixed start and end date. Project managers must make sure
that the project reaches its goals in the time available.
 QUALITY: Project managers must check that the project team are meeting the quality standards set by
the project.
 SCOPE: Project managers must know exactly what the project needs to deliver to achieve its goals, this
is called scope.
 RISKS: All projects have some risks. Project managers must understand the risks and help the project
team avoid them.
 BENEFITS: Projects must have a benefit. Somethings in the organisation must change and become
better as a result of the projects. Project managers must understand the benefit, so that they can make sure
the project delivers it.
Project Management?
 Project management is the use of specific knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to deliver something of
value to people.
 Project management is the application of processes, methods, skills, knowledge and experience to achieve
specific project objectives according to the project.
 All projects are a temporary effort to create value through a unique product, service or result.
 All projects have a beginning and an end.
 They have a team, a budget, a schedule and a set of expectations the team needs to meet.
 Each project is unique and differs from routine operations the ongoing activities of an organization because
projects reach a conclusion once the goal is achieved.
 Project professionals use many different tools, techniques and approaches to meet the needs of a project.
 Project Management is the set of practices involving the application of knowledge,
skills, processes, methods and tools to achieve specific project requirements according
to the project acceptance criteria within agreed budget and timeframe.
Project Management Life Cycle
A project life cycle provides a high-level view of the project and The project management life cycle is
divided into 5 phases: project initiation, planning, execution, monitoring & control, and closure.
 1. Project Initiation
The goal of the initiation phase is to define the project at a broad level in terms
of what needs to be done and achieved in order for it to be successful.

Key project management steps involved in the Initiation phase

 Conduct a feasibility study to identify the primary problem the project will solve and whether the
project can deliver a solution to that problem.
 Create a business case and define the project at a high level.
 Create a Project initiation document that outlines the vision, objectives and goals of the project.
 Identify the high-level scope of the project and define the product or service the project will deliver
 Once the project gets a go-ahead, assemble the project team and establish a project office
 2. Project Planning
This phase begins after the project receives a green light in the Initiation
phase. The Project Planning phase is most critical and requires complete
diligence as it lays out the project’s roadmap.

Key project management steps involved in the Planning phase:

 Create a Statement of Work document to flesh out the details of project deliverables
 Develop a Work Breakdown Structure
 Create a project plan, assign team members to the various tasks and build a detailed project timeline
 Identify the Project Team roles and other resources for the project.
 Create a risk mitigation plan to identify potential risks and develop a strategy to minimize them
 Incorporate an effective change management plan for necessary changes in the project
 Create a communication plan to schedule interactions with relevant stakeholders
 3. Project Execution
The execution phase involved actually carrying out the activities that are
identified in the project plan. This is the stage where planning is turned into
action. The project team is built. Specific people and other resources are
assigned to the tasks identified in the project plan.

Key project management steps involved in the Execution phase:

 Identify and assign the project team Assign the team and other resources to the project tasks and begin work
in the planned manner
 Provide necessary guidance to the team on how tasks should be completed
 Monitor progress of the team
 Communicate with the stakeholders on a regular basis to ensure that the project deliverables are acceptable
 4. Project Monitoring & Control
This phase typically runs in parallel with the Project Execution phase and
involves keeping the project on track and ensuring that objectives and project
deliverables are met.

Key project management steps involved in the Monitoring and Control phase:
 Tracking the progress of various project tasks.
 Measure budget, timeline and quality performance of the project.
 Conduct user reviews and collect feedback, and take any corrective actions needed.
 Track all changes to the project scope and report on their impact to project goals.
 Monitor overall project performance, including all project plan changes.
 5. Project Closure
Project Closure is the final phase of the project management life
cycle, which
indicates the end of the project and the final delivery of the
.project deliverables

Key project management steps involved in the closing phase:

 Conduct a “End of Project” Review or Retrospective and to analyze project performance and a formal
analysis of successes and failures
 Document project closure and provide reports to key stakeholders
 Account used/ unused budget and release remaining resources for other projects