ORGANIZING AND PREPARING
RESEARCH REPORT
SUBMITTED BY
NAMRATA DUTTA (023) BORNALI BARUAH (024)
KAUSHIKA SHARMA ( 025) NEAHA DKHAR(019)
ELLIZABETH NGOURI (020) WILAKUNG
LOUNGCHAT(018)
VIKHRIENUO KELIO (021)
PLANNING A RESEARCH REPORT
Essay
Editin
g
First
Draft
Reading/
Research
The outline
Choosing a Thesis
Brainstorming
Choose a topic
ORGANIZING A RESEARCH REPORT
• INTRODUCTION
• REVIEW OF LITREATURE
• METHODOLOGY
• THEMATIC CHAPTERS
• REFERENCES AND BIBLOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION
• Hook the reader with an engaging opening sentence or paragraph.
• Provide background information to give context and highlight the
topic's significance.
• State the research problem or question clearly.
• Justify the research by explaining its importance and potential
benefits.
• Outline the structure of the paper to help readers navigate through
the content.
REVIEW OF LITREATURE
Here's a concise review of the literature on planning and organizing
research reports: Planning Research Reports
1. Purpose and Scope: - Defining research questions, hypotheses, and
objectives is critical for maintaining focus and relevance (Creswell &
Creswell, 2018).
2. Literature Review: - Conducting a thorough literature review helps
identify research gaps and frame research questions (Boote & Beile, 2005).
3. Research Design and Methodology: - A detailed research design,
including methodologies and data collection techniques, is essential for
clarity and justification (Yin, 2017). Organizing Research Reports
REVIEW OF LITREATURE
1. Structure and Format: - Standard structure includes: Introduction,
Literature Review, Methodology, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion (APA,
2020).
2. Writing Style and Clarity: - Emphasis on clarity, conciseness, and
coherence, using active voice and avoiding jargon (Day & Gastel, 2012).
3. Use of Visual Aids: - Effective use of tables, figures, and charts to
enhance comprehension (Tufte, 2006).
Best Practices
1. Iterative Review and Feedback: - Peer feedback and iterative revisions
improve report quality (CSE, 2014).
REVIEW OF LITREATURE
2. Ethical Standards: - Adherence to ethical standards, including
proper citation and honest reporting (Resnik, 2020). 3.
Publication and Dissemination: - Selecting appropriate journals
and understanding the target audience maximizes research
impact (Björk & Solomon, 2012).
METHODOLOGY
Methodology is the plan and reasoning behind any research. It involves studying the research methods and theories in the
field to choose the best approach for research goals. Methodology is the first step in planning a research project. The
methodology section should include a description of
• the study type
• major study themes or variables (a detailed list of variables on which data was collected may be annexed)
• the study/ target population(s), sampling method(s) and the size of the sample(s)
• data collection techniques used for the different study populations
• duration of data collection
• how the data was collected and by whom
• procedures used for data analysis, including statistical tests (if applicable)
• any constraints and its management
• limitations of the study
THEMATIC CHAPTERS
Thematic chapters are sections in a research study organized around key themes or topics rather than chronology or
methodology. These chapters should subscribe to the broader objectives of the research and the kind of data gathered from
the field. The various research questions with which the research began should now be answered through these thematic
chapters. A widely followed way of writing the thematic chapters and also the other chapters is to use headings and sub-
headings within a chapter
When to Use:
• Ideal for qualitative research, case studies, or studies with multiple focus areas.
• When the research involves distinct themes or categories that need separate exploration.
Structure of thematic chapters:
A typical structure of the thematic chapters include -
1. Chapter Introduction,
2. Thematic Analysis,
3. Discussion and
4. Conclusion.
THEMATIC CHAPTERS
Some Benefits of Thematic Chapters:
1. Clarity: Organizes content in a logical, reader-friendly manner.
2. Focus: Allows in-depth exploration of each theme.
3. Flexibility: Adapts to various research types and methodologies.
4. Enhanced Understanding: Helps highlight connections and contrasts between themes.
REFERENCES/ BIBLOGRAPHY
REFERENCES:
A references list is a detailed list of all the sources that were directly cited or referred to in the body of
the work (essay, research paper, book, etc.). This list allows readers to locate the sources used by the
author for further reading or verification.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
A bibliography is a comprehensive list of all the sources that were consulted during the research and
writing process, regardless of whether they were directly cited in the work. This includes works that
influenced the author’s thinking or provided background information.
Differences:
• Scope:
• References: Limited to sources cited in the text.
• Bibliography: Broader, including all sources consulted, whether cited or not.
REFERENCES/ BIBLOGRAPHY
• Purpose:
• References: To direct readers to the specific sources cited in the text for verification and
further reading.
• Bibliography: To provide a comprehensive overview of the research and reading that
informed the work.
• Usage:
• References: Commonly used in scientific and academic papers where specific citations are
crucial.
• Bibliography: Often used in books and extensive research projects to provide a broader
context of the research.
EXAMPLES:
REFERENCES/ BIBLOGRAPHY
References (APA style):
plaintext
Copy code
Smith, J. A. (2020). Understanding the social dynamics of communities. Journal of Social Research, 45(2),
123-145.
Doe, M. B. (2018). Community engagement in urban areas. Urban Studies, 50(1), 67-89.
Bibliography (APA style):
plaintext
Copy code
Doe, M. B. (2018). Community engagement in urban areas. Urban Studies, 50(1), 67-89.
Johnson, L. K. (2019). The impact of social media on community development. New Media & Society, 21(4), 854-
876.
Smith, J. A. (2020). Understanding the social dynamics of communities. Journal of Social Research, 45(2),
123-145.
Thompson, R. (2017). The history of urban planning. New York: Urban Press.
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