Perfect
Square and
Square Root
Compute the area of each square.
Can you
form a
square with
the given
unit
squares?
Perfect Square and Square
Root
•The number of square units that can form
a square is called a perfect square.
• The square root of the area of the square
(perfect square) is the length of the side of the
square.
•When a number n is multiplied by
itself, such as when we compute the
area of a square, we write and read
it “n squared”.
•The result is called the square of
n. That is, if , then m is a square of
n and m is a perfect square.
Complete the following table to show the squares of
the whole numbers.
•The numbers in the second row are called
perfect square numbers. Sometimes, we
will need to look at the relationship between
numbers and their squares in reverse. For
example: Because = 100, we say 100 is the
square of 10. We also say that 10 is the
square root of 100. A number whose
square is m is called a square root of m.
•The symbol √m, is read “the
square root of m”, where m is
called the radicand, and √⬚ is
called the radical sign.
1. = 1 (the square root of 1 is
Examples:
2. = 4
1)
(the square root of 16
is 4)
3. = 7 (the square root of 49 is
7)
Find the square root of the following
numbers.
1. =
2. =
3. =
4. =
5.=
Find the square root of the following
numbers.
1. = 9
2. =5
3. =12
4. =
5.=
.
Place each number in its appropriate column:
0, 25, 40, 49, 121, 625, 8, 18/2, 1⁄4, 27
Activity: Complete the table below.
Perfect Exponential Form Square Root
Square
9 3x3 3
36
49
81
121
144
625
Solve the given problem.
1. Mr. Agra has a square vegetable plot
which has an area of 144 square
meters. If Mr. Agra will put a fence
around the vegetable plot, how long
should be the fencing material that he
will need?
Perfect Cube
and Cube
Root
Find the volume of each cube.
Perfect Cube and Cube Root
•The number of cube units that can
form a cube is called a perfect cube.
•The cube root of the volume of a cube
(perfect cube) is the length of each
side of the cube.
•A perfect cube is a number that is
obtained by multiplying the same
integer three times.
For example, multiplying the number 2
three times results in 8.
Therefore, 8 is a perfect cube.
When a number is cubed, we
write and read it “n cubed”. The
result is called the cube of n.
That is, if , then m is a cube of
n and m is a perfect cube.
Complete the following table to show the cubes of the following integers.
The numbers in the second row are called
perfect cube numbers.
• When a number is cubed, it means that it is
multiplied three times. Cube root is reversing
the process of cubing a number.
•For example, when a number 5 is cubed, then
it is multiplied 3 times: 5 x 5 x 5, which is 125.
The cube root of 125 is 5. This is because 125 is
obtained when the number 5 is multiplied three
times.
•The symbol for cube root is The is read as
“cube root of m”.
Find the cube root of the following
numbers.
1. =
2. =
3. =
4. =
5. =
6. =
Find the cube root of the following
numbers.
1. = 4
2. = 3
3. = 9
4. = 12
5. =
6. = -3
Place each number in its appropriate column:
–27, 0, 9, 64, 81, 512, 729, –1/27, 4/64
Complete the table below.
Perfect Exponential Cube
Cube Form Root
1 1x1x1 1
-8
125
-216
1000
Solve the given problem.
Mrs. San Jose has two cubic
containers of different sizes. The
larger of the two has sides that
measure 25 cm while the smaller
one has sides that measure 18 cm.
Will the two containers be enough
for 1,000 cubic
Irrational Numbers
(Involving Square
Root and Cube
Root)
Place the following numbers in the appropriate columns:
Rational Irrational
Number Number
Questions for discussion:
1. Observe the numbers in the first column.
What do you observe about the rational
numbers?
2. Observe the numbers in the second
column. What do you observe about the
irrational numbers? (What can you say
about the number inside the radical sign?)
IRRATIONAL NUMBERS
• If the radicand of a square root is not a
perfect square, then it is considered an
irrational number.
• Likewise, if the radicand of a cube root is not
a perfect cube, then it is an irrational number.
•These numbers cannot be written as a
fraction because the decimal does not end (or
non-terminating) and does not repeat a pattern
(or non-repeating).
•In plotting an irrational number
involving square root or cube
root on a number line, estimate
first the square root or cube root
of the given irrational number
and to which two consecutive
integers it lies in between.
•For example, to locate and plot √3 on the
number line, we identify two perfect squares
nearest to the radicand 3. These are 1 and 4.
So, √3 is between 1 and 2 (the square roots of 1
and 4, respectively). Since, 3 is closer to 4 than
to 1, √3 is closer to 2.
•Locate and plot the following
square roots and cube roots on a
number line:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Estimate the given square root or cube root
and find the letter that
corresponds to it on the number line.
End of week 1
Lessons:
•Perfect Square and Square Root
•Perfect Cube and Cube Root
•Irrational Numbers
