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Bandwidth Utilization

Bandwidth Utilization

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S.KAVITHA COMPUTERSCIENCE
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9 views

Bandwidth Utilization

Bandwidth Utilization

Uploaded by

S.KAVITHA COMPUTERSCIENCE
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Computer Networks

S.Kavitha
Head & Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science
Sri Sarada Niketan College of Science for
Women,Karur.
Unit - I

Bandwidth Utilization

 Network bandwidth utilization is the rate at


which data can flow through your network.

 Traditionally measured in bits per second


(bps), higher bandwidth allows more traffic
flow from one device to another.
Bandwidth Utilization
 "Utilization" is the percentage of a network's
bandwidth that is currently being consumed
by network traffic.
 Consistently high (>40%) utilization
indicates points of network slowdown (or
failure) and a need for changes or upgrades
in your network infrastructure.
Multiplexing
 In telecommunications and computer
networking, multiplexing (sometimes
contracted to muxing) is a method by which
multiple analog or digital signals are
combined into one signal over a shared
medium.

 The aim is to share a scarce resource – a


physical transmission medium.
Spread Spectrum
 Spread Spectrum refers to a system originally
developed for military applications, to provide
secure communications by spreading the signal
over a large frequency band.

 These narrowband signals are easily jammed by


any other signal in the same band.
Transmission Media
 Transmission media is a communication
channel that transmits information from
the source/transmitter to the receiver.

 It is a physical path for data transfer


through electromagnetic signals.

 Information is carried over in the form of


bits through LAN.
Guided media

 Guided media, which are those that


provide a conduit from one device to
another, include twisted-pair cable,
coaxial cable, and fiber-optic cable.

 A signal traveling along any of these


media is directed and contained by
the physical limits of the medium.
Guided Transmission Media
Unguided Media
 Unguided media transport electromagnetic
waves without using a physical conductor.

 It is also known as unbounded or wireless


media, and does not rely on physical
pathways to transmit signals.

 Instead, they use wireless communication


methods to propagate signals through the
air or free space.
Unguided Transmission Media
Switching

 Switching in computer networking is the


transfer of data packets, or blocks of
data, through a network switch.

 Switches transfer data from source ports


on devices such as computers to
destination ports on devices such as
routers.
Switching
Circuit Switched Network
 A Datagram based network is a true
packet switched network.

 There is no fixed path for transmitting


data.

 A virtual circuit network uses a fixed path


for a particular session, after which it
breaks the connection and another path
has to be set up for the next session.
Packet Switching

 Packet switching is the transfer of small


pieces of data across various networks.

 These data chunks or “packets” allow for


faster, more efficient data transfer.
Structure of a switch

 A header and a payload are the two


components of each packet in a packet
switching mechanism.

 The header of the packet contains the


addressing information, which the
intermediate routers use to direct it to its
destination. The actual data is carried by
the payload.

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