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Lesson 2

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3 views

Lesson 2

Uploaded by

regaladokatejasmine
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE SELF:

PERSPECTIVE OF
ANTHROPOLOGY
The Self: Anthropology
Anthropology
-field of science which looks into the
totality of what it means to be human.
-looks into man’s physical/biological
characteristics, his social relationships and
the influence of his culture from the dawn
of civilization up to the present.
Human beings are similar and very
different at the same time.
FIELDS OF ANTHROPOLOGY

1. Archeology
2. Biological Anthropology
3. Linguistic Anthropology
4. Cultural Anthropology
ARCHEOLOGY
• Archeologist studies artifacts (tools and
objects past people have made and used)
-focus on the past
-learned that homo sapiens adapted and
gained dominance over all of earth’s
creatures.
-realized that the most important aspect of
human nature is survival.
BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
• Biological Anthropologist focus on how the
human body adapts to the different earth
environments.
-looks into the probable causes of disease and
death
-studies evolution of man based on their
fossilized remains.
-conducts comparative studies of both dead and
living human beings.
LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY
In order to survive, humans began to
communicate.
Linguistic anthropologists focus on using
language as a means to discover a group’s
manner of social interaction and worldview.
- shows how language is a reflective of the
time and mode of thinking of the people using
it (g words, gay lingo, expressions)
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Cultural Anthropologists are interested in
knowing what makes one group’s manner
of living particular to them.

**Whether an individual admits it or not, he


is a product of his culture.
***Theory of Cultural Determinism
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Implications of Theory of Cultural Determinism:

Positive: Human beings can be shaped/formed to


have the kind of life they prefer.

Negative: People have no control over what they


learn. They blindly accept the learning their culture
expose them to.
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Ways CULTURE manifest itself in people:
1. Symbols
words, gestures, pictures, objects with a meaning.
2. Heroes
may be real of fictitious
3. Rituals
may be religious or social
4. Values
inferred from the way people act and react to situations
Reaction paper on the movie “Dead na si
Lolo”
THE SELF:
PERSPECTIVE OF
PSYCHOLOGY
The Self: Psychology
• Psychology – study of human behavior
and mental processes
describe, understand, predict, control

**nature vs. nurture


WILLIAM JAMES

I Self (Pure Ego) – knows and recognizes


who they are and what they have done.
I borrowed a book.
I attended my classes.
WILLIAM JAMES
The ME and the I (Theory of the Self)
**Thoughts are associated with the existence of
the self.

Me Self (Empirical)– the person the individual


refers to when discussing their personal
experience
The gifts were sent to me.
She is smiling at me.
WILLIAM JAMES
Three components of the ME self
1.The Material Self – things or objects that
belong to the person.
Ex: the style of dressing
choice of books/reading materials
*the more attached the person is to his
material things, the more he is affected if
any of them changes.
WILLIAM JAMES
2. The Social Self – who the person is in a
particular social situation.
Ex: how a person is a home
how a person is with friends
how a person is in school
**the person chooses the self that would
smoothly adapt to the social situation for
him to fit in.
WILLIAM JAMES
3. The Spiritual Self – the self that is more
concrete or permanent and is the intimate
part of the person.
** Introspection – looking inward to study
and understand the self.
WILLIAM JAMES
Since the Me Self is empirical, it is based on
the 3 components (material, social,
spiritual)
The I Self is the Pure Ego, the person’s soul
or mind. It is the totality of the person. It
takes into account the past, present and
future of the person.
GLOBAL AND DIFFERENTIATED SELF MODELS
• Global Self – overall value a person places upon himself
-the product of all experiences that he had in the society
which accounts for the kind of person he presently is.

• Differentiated Self (Murray Bowen) – has the ability to


separate feelings and thought though still affected by the
presence of others.
Togetherness and Individuality are two forces which
should be balanced
REAL AND IDEAL SELF-CONCEPTS
For Carl Rogers (Person-Centered Theory),
self-concept is how a person thinks of
himself.

Real Self-concept – who he actually is


Ideal Self-concept – who he wants to be
**There should be congruence (equality)
between the two for the person to be
happy.
REAL AND IDEAL SELF-CONCEPTS

Higgins (Self-Discrepancy Theory)


Self-guides – internalized standards to
which people compare themselves.
Self-discrepancy – deviating from the guides
which may cause emotional discomfort.
MULTIPLE AND UNIFIED SELVES

Multiple Selves Theory – there exists in an


individual different aspects of the self.

A unified being understands success and


failures. There is integration of the multiple
selves.
TRUE AND FALSE SELVES
D.W. Winnicot’s True and False Self
True Self – high level of awareness wherein
one recognizes strengths and accepts
weaknesses.
False Self – creates a form of defense. It
enables a person to form superficial but
productive social relationships.
**both are present in an individual
SELF AS PROACTIVE AND AGENTIC
Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory

Human beings are self-regulating and self-


organizing.
People have the ability to influence their own
behavior towards desired
outcomes(agency).
SELF AS PROACTIVE AND AGENTIC

4 features of human agency:


1. Intentionality – actions with full awareness.
2. Forethought – anticipation of likely outcomes.
3. Self-reactiveness – person is motivated and observes
his progress.
4. Self-reflectivess – looking inward and evaluating his
motivations and goals.
(Kenneth’s experience)
SELF-REGULATION
MAINTAIN

PREPARE TAKE ACTION REFLECT

REVISE
MANDALA
CREATE YOUR OWN
MANDALA.

¼ BONDPAPER, COLORED OR
BLACK&WHITE, PASTE IN YOUR
NOTEBOOK, TAKE A PICTURE AND
SEND AS “MANDALA_SURNAME”

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