FOG

COMPUTING
ADITYA RAM
Dept of Artificial
intelligence & Data
IV-
Science 21891A7202
WHAT IS FOG COMPUTING?
• FOG COMPUTING IS A DECENTRALIZED
COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE THAT
EXTENDS CLOUD COMPUTING CAPABILITIES
CLOSER TO THE SOURCE OF DATA,
TYPICALLY AT THE NETWORK'S EDGE.
INSTEAD OF SENDING ALL DATA TO THE
CLOUD FOR PROCESSING, FOG COMPUTING
ALLOWS FOR LOCAL PROCESSING,
REDUCING LATENCY, IMPROVING
EFFICIENCY, AND MINIMIZING BANDWIDTH
USAGE.
 ABSTRACT!
• FOG COMPUTING IS AN EMERGING PARADIGM DESIGNED TO EXTEND
THE CAPABILITIES OF CLOUD COMPUTING BY BRINGING DATA
PROCESSING, STORAGE, AND ANALYSIS CLOSER TO THE DEVICES
AND SENSORS THAT GENERATE DATA, COMMONLY REFERRED TO AS
EDGE DEVICES. THIS APPROACH AIMS TO ADDRESS THE
CHALLENGES OF LATENCY, BANDWIDTH LIMITATIONS, AND REAL-
TIME PROCESSING NEEDS IN APPLICATIONS SUCH AS THE INTERNET
OF THINGS (IOT), AUTONOMOUS SYSTEMS, AND SMART CITIES.
• While cloud computing provides centralized resources, fog
computing decentralizes these processes, enabling local
computation and decision-making through intermediary nodes,
often referred to as fog nodes. These nodes can be placed at
various points within a network, between the cloud and the edge,
allowing for faster response times and reducing the volume of data
sent to cloud servers.
 INTRODUCTION!
• FOG COMPUTING IS A DECENTRALIZED COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE
THAT EXTENDS THE CAPABILITIES OF CLOUD COMPUTING BY
PROCESSING AND STORING DATA CLOSER TO THE SOURCE OF
GENERATION, TYPICALLY AT THE EDGE OF THE NETWORK. In contrast to
traditional cloud computing, where all data is sent to centralized data
centers for processing, fog computing introduces an intermediary
layer between edge devices and the cloud, known as fog nodes. These
nodes can be routers, gateways, or other network devices that can
perform local computation, storage, and data analysis.

• TYPES:
• DEVICE-LEVEL FOG
• COMPUTING
EDGE-LEVEL FOG
COMPUTING
• CLOUD LEVEL FOG COMPUTING
• GATE-WAY LEVEL FOG
COMPUTING
 HISTORY!
• FOG COMPUTING, A TERM COINED BY CISCO IN 2012, REPRESENTS A
TRANSFORMATIVE APPROACH TO MODERN COMPUTING, DESIGNED TO
BRIDGE THE GAP BETWEEN CLOUD COMPUTING AND THE EVER-GROWING
INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT). AS IOT DEVICES BEGAN TO PROLIFERATE,
THEY GENERATED VAST AMOUNTS OF DATA, WHICH NEEDED TO BE
PROCESSED EFFICIENTLY AND IN REAL-TIME. THE TRADITIONAL MODEL
OF CLOUD COMPUTING, WHERE DATA IS SENT TO CENTRALIZED DATA
CENTERS FOR PROCESSING,AND DECISION-MAKING. FOG COMPUTING
EMERGED AS A SOLUTION TO THESE CHALLENGES, "AT THE EDGE" OF
THE NETWORK.

• The term "fog" was deliberately chosen to evoke the image of a cloud
that is closer to the ground, symbolizing the idea of moving processing
power from centralized cloud data centers to localized points in the
network. By processing data at or near the source, fog computing
minimizes latency, reduces bandwidth usage, and enables faster, more
effi cient real-time responses.
 TECHNIQUES/METHODS
• Fog computing is a distributed computing model that brings
computing resources and services closer to the edge of the network,
reducing latency and enhancing effi ciency. This model is particularly
useful in scenarios where real-time processing is crucial, such as IoT
(Internet of Things), autonomous systems, and industrial control.
Below are the key techniques or methods used in fog computing:

• EDGE DEVICE
RESOURCEMANAGEMENT
• DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYTICS AT
THEEDGE
• HIERARCHICALCOMPUTIN
G
• VIRTUALIZATIONTECHNIQUE
S
• SECURITY
ANDPRIVACY
 EXAMPLES!
AUTONOMOUS
VEHICLES INDUSTRIAL
IOT (IIOT)

HEALTHCARE AND
TELEMEDICINE

AUGMENTED REALITY CONTENT

(AR) AND VIRTUAL DELIVERY
REALITY (VR) NETWORKS (CDN)
HOW FOG COMPUTING WORKS?

• FOG COMPUTING WORKS BY UTILIZING LOCAL DEVICES TERMED FOG

NODES AND EDGE DEVICES. RAW DATA IS CAPTURED BY IOT BEACONS.
THIS DATA IS SENT TO A FOG NODE CLOSE TO THE DATA SOURCE. THIS
DATA IS ANALYZED LOCALLY, FILTERED, AND THEN SENT TO THE CLOUD
FOR LONG-TERM STORAGE IF NECESSARY. EDGE DEVICES CAN BE
SEVERAL DIFFERENT TYPES OF DEVICE, INCLUDING:
• ROUTER
S
• CAMERA
• CONTROLLER
S
• SWITCHE
S
• EMBEDDED
SERVERS
 ADVANTAGES OF FOG
COMPUTING!

LOWER LOWER ENERGY

REDUCED CONSUMPTION
BANDWIDTH
USAGE
LATENCY

IMPROVED REAL-TIME
PROCESSING
RELIABILITY AND DECISION
MAKING
 APPLICATIONS
GAMING
TELECOMMU-
AND E- NICATIONS
SPORTS

SMART ENERGY
MANAGEMENT
FOR DATA
CENTERS

SMART SUPPLY
HOMES AND CHAIN AND
BUILDINGS LOGISTICS
 LIMITATIONS!
COMPLEXITY MANAGEMENT

SECURITYRISK
S
INCONSISTENT
RELIABILITY
LIMITED PROCESSING POWER AND
STORAGE

DATA PRIVACY AND COMPLIANCE

ISSUES
LIMITED
RESOURCES
 CONCLUSION!
FINALLY, FOG COMPUTING DELIVERS CLOUD CAPABILITIES
TO THE EDGE OF NETWORKS, INCREASING EFFICIENCY,
LOWERING LATENCY, AND IMPROVING DATA PROCESSING
CAPABILITIES. IT IS PERFECT FOR REAL TIME DATA-ANALYSIS
AND low-latency applications such as IoT, and situations
where data privacy and security are critical. While it
provides scalability and lower bandwidth usage, it also has
issues in managing data congestion and increasing power
consumption. Fog computing is making progress in
applications such as healthcare monitoring, industrial IoT,
and real-time analytics across a variety of industries.
 REFERENCES!
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fog_computing

• https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/fog-computing/

• https://www.koombea.com/blog/what-is-fog-
computing-and-how-does-it-work/

• https://www.spiceworks.com/tech/edge-computing/
articles/what-is-fog-computing/