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Polynomials

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22 views26 pages

Polynomials

Uploaded by

techmaxchk
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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POLYNOMIALS

GOVIND
Presented By ; GUPTA
10 LOTUS
TH

ROLL NO: 07
 C ONTE NTS
FLOW CHART  TERMS IN ALGEBRAIC
INTRODUCTION EXPRESSION
VARRIABLE DEFINATION OF
CONSTANT POLYNOMIAL
DEGREE OF POLYNOMIAL
ALGEBRAIC
EXPRESSION TYPES OF POLYNOMIAL
ZERO OF POLYNOMIAL
 Introduction

In Maths, Polynomial is a concept which is studied under


the Algebra branch. Polynomials are a particular type of
algebraic expressions, when all variables involved in an
algebraic expression has powers with whole numbers
only.
 Variable

Variables are defined and used in algebra. Its definition


states that a symbol which can be used to assign different
numerical values is known as a variable.
Variables are represented by any small case English letters.

Example
x,y,z,p,q,r,s etc
 constant

In Math, a symbol having a fixed value is called a


constant.

Example
8, 5, 9,etc.
 Algebraic Expression

A combination of constants and variables


connected by some or all basic operations +, -, X,
÷ is called an algebraic expression.
Example
7 + 8x
So, here we have made an algebraic expression
connected by + operation by combining a
constant 7 and a constant 8 with variable x.
 Terms in algebraic
expression
Various parts of an algebraic expression
separated by + or – operations are called terms.

Example
Consider the algebraic expression as 7 + 8x – 6y –
4/9xy
 Defi nition of Polynomial

An algebraic expression in which variables involved


are having nonnegative integral powers is called a
polynomial.
Example 2 + 5x + 7
So, we can see x variable in terms of the expression
has powers as 3, 2, 1 and 0; which are nonnegative
integrals.
 Degree of polynomial

For a polynomial involving one variable, the highest power of the


variable is called degree of the polynomial.
Example
3+5+7+8
This polynomial is one variable polynomial i.e. X.
The powers of the x variable are 4, 3 and 2
∴ the highest power is 4.
Hence, the degree of the polynomial is 4.
 types of polynomial

» On The Basis Of Number Of Terms

» On The Basis Of Degree


 On the basis of number of
terms
Polynomials are classified and named on the basis of the
number of terms it has.
In general, the naming of type of polynomial is written by
prefixing the words mono, bi and tri to “nomial”.
Where mono refers to one, bi refers to two and tri refers
to three.
The types are monomial, binomial and trinomial.
 MONOMIAL

A polynomial containing one non zero term


is called a monomial.
Example 8x5
In this polynomial, there is only one non
zero term i.e. 8x5. Therefore, it is an
example of a monomial.
 BINOMIAL

A polynomial containing two non zero terms is called


a binomial.
Example
7x6-3x4
In this polynomial, there are two non zero terms i.e.
7x6 and 3x4. Therefore, it is an example of binomial.
 TRINOMIAL

A polynomial containing three non zero terms is


called a trinomial.
Example
5x4 + 3x2 – 8
Here we have three non zero terms i.e. 5x 4, 3x2 and
8. Therefore, it is an example of a trinomial.
 Quadrinomial polynomial

A polynomial containing four terms is


called a quadrinomial polynomial.
Example
7x5 – 3x2 + 9x + 5
 Quintrinomial polynomial

A polynomial containing five terms is called


quintrinomial polynomial.
Example
y6 + 8y5 + 9y4 + 9y2 + 7
On the basis of degree
 CONSTANT POLYNOMIALS
 LINEAR POLYNOMIALS
 QUADRATIC POLYNOMIALS
 CUBIC POLYNOMIALS
 BIQUADRATIC POLYNOMIALS
 Constant Polynomial
A polynomial of degree 0 is called a constant
polynomial.
Example
4, -7 etc. Why?
∵ 4 can be written as 4y0, where the degree of this
polynomial is zero.
Also, -7 can be written as -7y0, where the degree of
this polynomial is zero.
 LINEAR POLYNOMIALS

A polynomial of degree 1 is called a linear polynomial.


A linear polynomial in one variable can have at most
two terms.
Linear polynomial in variable x can be in general form
of ax + b
Example
x1 + 8
 QUADRATIC POLYNOMIALS

A polynomial of degree 2 is called a quadratic


polynomial. A quadratic polynomial in one
variable can have at most three terms.
Quadratic polynomial in variable x can be in
general form of ax2 + bx + c
Example
5x2 + 2x – 7
 CUBIC POLYNOMIALS

A polynomial of degree 3 is called a cubic polynomial.


A cubic polynomial in one variable can have at most
four terms.
Cubic polynomial in variable x can be in general form
of ax3 + bx2 + cx + d
Example
2x3 + 3x2 – 5x + 7
 BIQUADRATIC POLYNOMIALS

A polynomial of degree 4 is called a biquadratic


polynomial. A biquadratic polynomial in one
variable can have at most five terms.
Biquadratic polynomial in variable x can be in
general form of ax4 + bx3 + cx2 + dx + e
Example
2x4 + 5x3 – 3x2 + 7x – 4
 Zero Polynomial

A polynomial is said to be zero


polynomial if all coefficients are equal
to zero.
Example
0x5 + 0x3 + 0x2 + 0x etc.
THANK YOU

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