UNITS OF
MEASURMENTS
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
:Activity
The number of□
times each second a
radioactive material
decays and releases
.radiation
Becquerel (Bq) =□
1 disintegration
. per second (dps)
= billion Bq 37 □
curie 1
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
:Exposure intensity
Coulomb =6.25 x1018□
elementary charges
A flow of one Coulomb per□
sec equals one Ampere
coulomb/kilogram [C/kg] = 1(
)3875.96899224806 roentgen
Roentgen = 2.58×10⁻⁴ C/kg 1□
Not applicable to particle□
emission
Mainly used for calibration of□
X-ray machines
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
:Absorbed dose
The amount of radiation□
energy absorbed into a given
mass of tissue
Gray = Unit of absorbed dose□
joule/kg=1 Gray(Gy) 1
Replaced rad: radiation□
absorbed dose
Gy = 100 rads 1
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
:Dose equivalent
Measures the energy per unit□
mass times adjustments for
the type of radiation
(involved (quality factor
Equivalent dose converts□
.dose into a measure of risk
=Dose (Equivalent)□
Gray x quality factors=
Sievert (Sv)
Sievert =100 rem 1
Sievert :Replaced□
rem :radiation equivalent in
man
If absorbed dose in Gy,>
equivalent dose in Sv
If absorbed dose in rad,>
equivalent dose in rem
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
Quality factors
Different types of radiation produce□
different amounts of biological damage for a
.given energy deposition
In order to compare the amount of risk
or biological change that occurs, quality
.factors are introduced
eg. alpha causes much more damage than an
.equal absorbed dose of gamma radiation
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
RADIATION QUALITY FACTORS
UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
:Effective dose
For the purpose of□
determining effective dose,
the different areas and
organs have been assigned
tissue weighting factor
.(wT) values
For a specific organ or□
body area the effective
:dose is
Effective Dose (Sv) =Absorbed
Dose (Gy) Wr x wT
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