Module 3:
Use of Nursing
Informatics in Education
Prepared by: Saliha Janine D. Gubaten, RN
E-Learning
• E-learning is essentially imparting education through computer and
network enabled digital technologies which include, internet, intranet,
computer, satellite TV, CDROM, audio and video resources.
• The term e-learning was first used in the professional environment in
the year 1999. Therefore e-learning could be broadly defined as use
of information and communication technology (ICT) to enhance and
support learning.
• This could range from teachers and students using e-mail for
communication to entirely online courses.
• This term is used synonymously with virtual learning, online learning,
computer-based learning, web-based learning, and networked
learning.
The letter "e" in e-learning stands for the word "electronic”.
• Brandon hall defines e-learning as: "...Instruction that is
delivered electronically, in part or wholly via a web
browser, through the internet or an intranet, or through
multimedia platforms such as cd-rom or dvd.“
• Rosenberg: "e-learning refers to the use of internet
technologies to deliver a broad array of solutions that
enhance knowledge and performance."
Types:
1. Synchronous E-learning
Any learning tool that is in real-time, that allows students
and teachers to ask and answer questions immediately, is
synchronous.
Classes occur on set schedules and time frames.
Students and instructors are online at the same time in
synchronous classes since lectures, discussions, and
presentations take place at specific hours.
All students must be online at that exact time in order
to participate in the class.
Synchronous E-learning technology/tools include:
video/telephone conferencing, webcasts, virtual
classrooms, live chats, webinars, application sharing,
etc.
Methods to conduct Synchronous Learning
1. Chat
2. Voice (telephone)
3. Video or web conferencing
4. Live Streaming
2. Asynchronous learning
Students typically complete the lessons on their own
and merely use the internet as a support tool rather
than venturing online solely for interactive classes.
Classes let students complete their work on their
convenient time.
Learning can be carried out even when the student or
teacher is offline.
Methods to conduct Asynchronous Learning
1. Digital Curriculum Materials
2. Email
3. Discussion Boards
4. Social Networking
5. Wikis and Collaborative Documents
• Blended learning/ Hybrid Learning
An instructional approach that includes a
combination of online and in-person learning
activities. For example, students can complete
online self-paced assignments by a certain date
and then meet on-site or online for additional
learning activities.
Social Media Learning
Refers to knowledge and skills gained through
technologies that allow people to create content and
share information such as blogs and wikis.
Mobile Learning
• Mobile learning takes place on a hand-held device (e.g.,
smartphone or tablet) at any time and from any place.
• Koole defined mobile learning as “learning in physical and
virtual environment supported through mobile technologies.”
• Wyne defined it as “learning and teaching activities that take
place by using laptop, tablet and smart phones.”
Simulation
• Simulation provides a realistic setting and safe
environment for students to apply the knowledge they
learned in class. Then, they can use what they learned
in simulation and apply it to clinical practice.
Types of Simulation in Nursing Education
1. Unfolding Case Studies
• They help students practice their patient assessment skills.
Unfolding case studies allow students to dive deep into their
patients’ complex situations, and because some of them are
available at no cost, they are cost effective.
• Unfolding case studies may also prepare students to apply
clinical reasoning and critical thinking skills.
2. High-fidelity Mannequins
• High-fidelity mannequins are computer-controlled full-body
mannequins. They most closely replicate the responses,
physiology, and anatomy of a patient. Because they are the
most adaptable form of simulation, high-fidelity mannequins
are typically the most favorable. However, they are also one
of the most expensive.
3. Low-fidelity Mannequins
Low-fidelity mannequins include two-dimensional displays, static
models, and partial-task simulators. They are the least real type
of simulation. They can help students build knowledge because
they allow students to go at their own pace. They can also help
students learn a specific skill, such as cardiopulmonary
resuscitation or intravenous insertion.
4. Partial-task Simulators
• Partial-task simulators are a body part, such as an arm or a
head, that allow nursing students to practice a skill many
times without causing wear and tear or using more expensive
equipment.
5. Volunteers Who Act as Standardized Patients
• Standardized patients are volunteers who behave in a
realistic way to simulate clinical interaction. Standardized
patients can make practicing communication and assessment
skills more successful. Some of these skills include taking a
patient history, asking for informed consent, explaining a
procedure, and giving bad news.
6. Role-Playing
• Role-playing asks students to act out a situation. Because
role-playing does not require any props or realistic
surroundings, this method of simulation is relatively low cost.
Despite its low-fidelity, role-playing can benefit students,
especially for changing attitudes or team training.
7. Virtual Reality
Virtual reality uses computers and standardized patients to
create a realistic simulation. This form of simulation is still new
and gaining popularity in healthcare. Virtual reality can be used
to teach patients about complex situations with many people
involved because some technologies allow students to care for
more than one patient at a time.
8. E-learning
• E-learning includes all simulations on the computer. These
can be a video computer program explaining how to use a
device or a highly complicated virtual reality situation where
students interact with patients and other healthcare
providers.
9. A Combination of Simulations
• A combination of simulations uses two or more of the
previous types of simulations to create a more realistic
simulation. It can also help students practice more than one
skill at a time. For example, an instructor could secure a
suture cushion to a standardized patient. In this simulation,
the student can practice suturing a wound while getting
informed consent and explaining the procedure.
Pros and Cons of Simulation in Nursing Education
Virtual reality
• Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computer technology to
create an interactive three-dimensional (3D) world, which
gives users a sense of spatial presence. In nursing
education, VR has been used to help optimize teaching and
learning processes.
• Virtual reality in the field of medical education is defined as a
type of computer-based 3D simulation that makes users feel
like they are in clinical settings where they can practice skills
without putting patients at risk
