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db JDBC

Uploaded by

yodala159
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Database

Programming with JDBC

• Kuldeep Kumar Yogi


• Banasthali University
JDBC/ODBC Overview
• ODBC and JDBC
– Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) is a standard software API for
connecting to database management systems (DBMS)
– JDBC is a Java API which provides classes and methods to easily
interact with all kinds of data sources

• JDBC implementation

• Many database related classes are organized in the “java.sql”


package

2
Database Configuration
• Setting up ODBC for MS Access

• Demo
– Source name:
“northwind”

3
Basic Process of Using JDBC
1. Load JDBC driver and establish connection to database
2. Prepare SQL statement
3. Execute the statement and process results
4. Close connection

 Note: wrap these statements in “try…catch…” block since


many of these statements require exception handling
– ClassNotFoundException
– SQLException

4
Database Connection
1. Load/register JDBC-ODBC driver

Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
2. Create a connection (object)

Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(dsn, id, passwd);


Connection dc = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/eilmt","root","root");
– dsn: “jdbc:odbc:northwind” //northwind is the dsn
– id: ODBC login id
– passwd: ODBC login password

5
Preparing and Executing SQL
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(dsn, id, passwd);
Statement stmt=con.createStatement();
String query="select * from products";

• Use the connection object to create a statement object

• Prepare a SQL query string

• Execute the statement


– Execution depends on the SQL statement type: read or write

6
Database Read
Statement stmt=con.createStatement();
String query="select * from products";
ResultSet rs=stmt.executeQuery(query);

• For a database read operation, use the


executeQuery() method of the statement object to
execute “select” SQL statements

• Use a ResultSet object to accept the retrieved data


– ResultSet represents retrieved data as a data table

7
ResultSet Processing
• ResultSet object (table) maintains a cursor pointing to only
one row at a time.

• By default, ResultSet is forward only and read only


– ResultSet type is determined when creating Statement object

• Read data by moving the cursor


– A while loop can be used to traverse all rows
– Initially (when the ResultSet object is successfully created) the cursor
is positioned before the first row
– Use the “next()” method to move to the next row
– When it moves after the last row, the method returns “false”

8
Getting Data from ResultSet
• Get row number (row starts from 1)
int rowNumber=rs.getRow();

• Get field values using getter methods


– rs.getString(String columnName) or
– rs.getString(int columnNumber)
• Column number starts from 1
• Usually used when a column is not explicitly named
– Note: the getter method can be used only once for the
same field

9
Last Step
• Close the connection the connection when all
database operations are performed
– This will also close all statement and result set
objects

• It is a good habit to close connection explicitly


for performance reasons

10
Web Database Application
Practices and Techniques
Dynamic SQL Generation
• Dynamically construct a query string based on user input and
choice
– User input values
– Multiple selection criteria
– Sorting selection

• Dynamic SQL statement construction can go complex and


confusing
– !! Make sure your SQL statement is constructed correctly
– Be careful of the use of single quotes
– Use prepared statement

12
Use of PreparedStatement
String fileId= “Tr_0001_En.xml”;
PreparedStatement ps1=con.prepareStatement("Select meteor,BV from target where T_S_id like ?
");
ps1.setString(1,fileId.substring(0,7)+"%"+ "E"+eng_id +"%");

13
Fuzzy Search
• Use “like” operator for fuzzy search
– % multiple character wildcard
– _ single character wildcard

• Examples
– … where BookTitle like ‘%information%’
– … where BookTitle like ‘introduction%’
– … where FirstName like ‘Mc%’

14
Database Write
Statement stmt=con.createStatement();
String query=“update products set unitprice=200 where productid=1";
int rows=stmt.executeUpdate(query);

• “Write” operations include insertion, update and deletion

• Use the executeUpdate() method of the statement object to


execute these SQL statements;

• This method returns an “int” type value indicating the


number of rows affected
– What does it mean if “0” is returned

15
Reading Different Data Types
• Besides getString(), you can also use getInt(), getBoolean(),
getDouble(), etc, if column data type is known

• Number, Currency, AutoNumber


– rs.getInt() or rs.getDouble()

• Yes/No
– rs.getBoolean()

• Date/Time
– rs.getDate()
– Date format processing

16
Resources
• SQL Tutorial
– http://sqlcourse.com/
– http://sqlcourse2.com/

• JDBC Tutorial
– http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jdbc/index.html

• java.sql.* reference
– http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.2/docs/api/java/sql/package-summary.html

• JDBC documentation
– http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/jdbc/index.html

• Best practices
– http://www.precisejava.com/javaperf/j2ee/JDBC.htm

17

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