CO_IF_22316_UO4
Jaishree Anerao, Lecturer, VES Polytechnic
Date: 14 July 2020
MSBTE LEAD: Learning at your Doorstep
Unit 04 :
Pointers and Polymorphism
in c++
Written by
Jaishree Sudhakar Anerao
Lecturer, Department of Computer Engineering[NBA Accredited],Vivekanand Education Society’s
Polytechnic, Mumbai
Unit Outcome 2 : Implement run
time polymorphism using virtual
functions in the given C++
programs.
Written by
Jaishree Sudhakar Anerao
Lecturer, Department of Computer Engineering[NBA Accredited],Vivekanand Education Society’s
Polytechnic, Mumbai
Learning Outcome 4 : Student will be
able to implement virtual function,
pure virtual function
Written by
Jaishree Sudhakar Anerao
Lecturer, Department of Computer Engineering[NBA Accredited],Vivekanand Education Society’s
Polytechnic, Mumbai
What we will learn today
1 Runtime Polymorphism Key takeaways
2. Virtual functions Concept of Virtual function
3. Rules of virtual functions
4. Pure virtual function
Jaishree Sudhakar Anerao
Lecturer, Department of Computer Engineering[NBA Accredited],Vivekanand Education Society’s
Polytechnic, Mumbai
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Concept Map
Superclass obj= new SubClass
SuperClass
Extends
Subclass
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Learning Objective/ Key learning
► What is runtime polymorphism?
► To use virtual function in program.
► What are rules for virtual function.
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Concept Explanation: RUNTIME POLYMORPHISM
► To achieve Run time polymorphism, C++ supports a mechanism known as virtual function.
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Concept Explanation: RUNTIME POLYMORPHISM
► What is Runtime Polymorphism?
► The address of function to be called is determined at the runtime rather than compile time.
► The compiler adds code that identifies the kind of object at runtime then gives the call with the right
function definition
► It is also known as late binding or dynamic binding and overriding as well.
► Late binding can be implemented by using virtual function.
► It provides slow execution as compare to early binding.
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Concept : Virtual Function
► Virtual function belongs to runtime polymorphism in C++.
► A virtual function is a member function in the base class that you expect to redefine in derived class.
► Virtual functions are declared with a keyword “virtual” in the base class.
► When a virtual function is declared compiler decides to execute a function based on the type of
object pointed by the base pointer and not on the type of pointer.
► Example :
virtual void draw();
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Concept virtual function
► Rules of virtual function :
► The virtual function must be members of some class.
► They cannot be static members.
► They are accessed by using object pointers.
► A virtual function can be friend of another class.
► A virtual function in a base class must be defined, even though it may not be used.
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Example of Virtual Function :
Program Output
Program for virtual function
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Concept : Pure virtual function
► A pure virtual function is a function declared in a base class that has no definition.
► The compiler requires each derived class to either define the function or redeclare it as a pure virtual
function.
► Such functions are also called as ’do-nothing’ functions.
► Ex:-
class ABC
{
public:
virtual void display( )=0; 13
};
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Pure virtual Function example:
Program for Pure virtual
function
Program Output
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