The
Evolution of
Managemen
t (Chapter
1.2)
The Evolution of Management
The important The
The Historical The Classical The Behavioral
of Quantitative
Context of Management Management
Theory and Management
Management Perspective Perspective
History Perspective
The important Theory and History
Why Theory? Theor Why History?
-Some theories seem
y and -Understanding of
abstract and irrelevants Histor historical
developments are
y important to
managers.
The Historical Context of Management
1 Can be traced back thousands of years
2 But did not begin until the 19th century
The Classical Management Perspective
The Classical
Scientific Management Management
Administrative Management
Perspective
The Classical Management
Perspective Today
-Concerned with improving the
performance of individual
workers. Scientific
-One of the earliest advocates of Management
scientific management is
Frederick W. Taylor.
-Figure 1.3 illustrates the basic steps Taylor suggested.
-Soldiering—employees -Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were also two of the most
deliberately working at a pace influential industrialists of the 20th century, as well as
slower than their capabilities. pioneers in the field of personnel management.
-Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were
also two of the most influential
industrialists of the 20th century,
as well as pioneers in the field of
personnel management.
The Classical
Administrative
Management
Management
Perspective
-Administrative
management
focuses on
Today Provides many
managing the total management
organization. techniques and
approaches that are
-The primary still relevant today
contributors to
administrative
management were
Henri Fayol, Lyndall
Urwick , and Max
Weber Focused on stable,
simple organizations
The Behavioral Management Perspective
The behavior management perspective means
placed much more emphasis on individual
attitudes, behaviors, and group processes and
recognized the importance of behavioral
Concept 1 processes in the workplace.
Concept 2 Concept 3 Concept 4
—-> was stimulated by many writers and
The The movements.
theoretical Human The
Contemporar
Hawthorne Relations Behavioral
y Behavioral
studies Movement Management
Science in
Perspective
Management
Today
The Hawthorne Studies
→Was conducted by Elton Mayo and his associates
The Human Relations Movement
-Which grew from the Hawthorne studies popular
approach to management for many years
-Theory X and Theory Y model best represents the
essence of the human relations movement
Abraham Maslow Douglas mcgeorge
The Human Relations Movement
Theory X Theory Y
A pessimistic and
A positive view of
negative view of
workers; it
workers
represents the
consistent with
assumption that
the views of
human relations
scientific
advocates make.
management.
Contemporary Behavioral Science in
Management
-Organizational
behavior Contemporary
-It is more field focusing
complex than -Organizational behavior on behavior
the human means perspectives
relationists on
realized management.
The behavioral management perspective
today
-Management view employees as valuable
resources instead of mere tools.
The Quantitative Management
Perspective
The Quantitative
Management Operations
Management
Science Management
Perspective Today
-The quantitative management perspective
focuses on decision making, cost-effectiveness,
mathematical models, and the use of
computers.
Quantitative management perspective Applies
quantitative techniques to management.
Management Science
Management science Management science
focuses specifically on Focuses specifically on the
the development of development of
mathematical models. mathematical models.
Operations Management
Operations
Operations management Concerned
management as a form with helping the
of applied management organization more
science. efficiently produce its
products or services.
The Quantitative Management
Perspective Today
-The quantitative management perspective has made important
contributions and has certain limitations. It has provided managers
with an abundance of decision-making tools and techniques and has
increased understanding of overall organizational processes. This
perspective has been particularly useful in the areas of planning and
controlling.
-New management concepts such as supply chain management and
new techniques such as enterprise resource planning, also evolved
from the quantitative management perspective.
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