Introduction to information
and communication
technology
Objectives
Basic concept of ICT
Role of ICT in society
Application of ICT
Role of ICT in teaching & learning
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Introduction and Importance of ICT
What is ICT?
During last decade of twentieth century there was extraordinary development in
information and communication technology (ICT) which led to a transmutation of
processes and practices in almost all aspects of human activities.
Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are the technologies used in
the conveying, manipulation and storage of data by electronic means.
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Information and Communication Technologies
Information is data that has been sorted and arranged.
It consists of organized facts and opinions people receive during daily life.
Changing data into information is called data processing or information
processing.
It involves gathering, organizing, and reporting data so it is useful to people.
It is often done using information technology.
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Information and Communication Technologies
People often use the terms information and communication together.
These terms are related, but each means something different.
Two words we need to know to understand communication
technology are data and information.
Data includes individual facts, statistics (numerical data), and ideas.
These facts and ideas are not sorted or arranged in any manner.
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Introduction
• ICT is used as a general term for all kind of technologies which enable
user to create, access and manipulate information.
• In ICT three words to understand
• Information, communication and technology.
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Information
• Processed data
• Process form of data which is meaning full to user for decision
making.
• Now what is data
• Raw facts and figure is called data.
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What is Process?
Computer works on data as per program is called process.
Processing means operations like…..
Calculations,
Logical decision making,
Outputting data,
Communicating with others computer etc.
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Information
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Communication & Technology
• Communication is act of transferring information from one place,
person or group to another.
• Every communication involve (at least) one sender, a message and a
receiver.
• Now a days popular communication devices are mobile, landline,
internet , television, computer and radio etc.
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Synchronous Communication
Online Chat
• Text based(instant)
• Audio based
• Video based
Mobile Technology
• Conferencing
• Phone
Satellite
• Television channel
• Video Conferencing
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Asynchronous Communication
Discussion Forums
Blogs
e-Groups
Wikepedia (Knowledge base)
Google (search engine)
Mobile SMS, MMS & Podcasting
Communication & Technology
• Communication technology, also known as information technology,
refers to all equipment and programs that are used to process and
communicate information
• for example computer, server, internet, webserver and backup server
etc.
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ICT Tools
Radio, television, video, DVD,
telephone (fixed line & mobile),
satellite systems, computer and
network hardware and software;
(equipment and services associated
with these technologies, such as
videoconferencing and electronic
mail.) , blogs
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What is Computer ?
Computer is an electronic device.
Can store large amounts of data.
Performing given function on the data & displays the result as output.
Process data whenever needed.
Known from ‘to compute’
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Characteristics
Speed
Diligence
Accuracy
Reliability
Storage
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Characteristics
Networking
Automation
Versatility (Flexible)
Multitasking
Communications
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Impact of ICT in society
Domestic activities Social networking
Health Education
Entertainment
Shopping/e-commerce
Government
Banking
Employment/job
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Elements of ICT in education
• Teacher
• Lerner
• Regulatory bodies/ management
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Disadvantage ICT
• Security Concerns
• Privacy Issues
• Job Displacement
• Health Issues
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What is Internet?
Inter connection of many computers via network.
Global connected through network (through LAN or WAN)
To provide the various application services i.e. E-Mail, WWW, e-
commerce etc.
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Uses of Internet
Searching
E-mail service
Commercial Services
Electronic books & Publication
Video Conferencing
Sharing data and results quickly
Retrieving files & Program of all types
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Uses of Internet
Find information databases and tutorials
News paper columns
Banking
Downloading / Uploading any information
News, sports, stocks, music etc.
Use of internet in various fields like education, Business, governance, etc.
And many more ………………..
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Scope of Internet as a ICT
Education
Research
Communication
Leisure and Entertainment
Exploring the world
Finance
Shopping
And many more ….
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Useful Keys Internet
Network: Connecting computers with each other For exchanging information
Client : It is a program or computer for getting special information from
another compute.
Server : It is a program or computer, which gives information to the client
computer.
Protocol: It’s a rules for connecting to the internet. (TCP/IP)
Portal: It is a website. Known as a gateway of internet. (Search engine)
Router: It is a device, which decides where data will be send (Network point)
WWW : World Wide Web
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Types of Website (Domain)
.com : Commercial organization
.net : Large Networks
.gov : Government organization
.org : non-profit making organization
.edu : educational organization
.mil : military organization
.in : India
.au : Australia
.us : United States
.uk : United Kingdom
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Browser: It is a program which helps us to use internet
Website: Group of different web pages.
URL : Universal Resource Locator
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Scope of Internet as a ICT in Education
ICT as a tool to innovate teaching-learning practice via Internet (i.e. digital
content, multimedia, teaching-learning methods, learning environment)
ICT as an administrative tool (i.e. education management information systems
(EMIS)
ICT as an expanding learning opportunity (i.e. distance learning, e-Learning)
ICT as a facilitator of higher-order thinking skills (i.e. learner-centered, self-
directed learning, tailored learning)
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Traditional v/s Internet based ICT education Approach
Traditional Classroom ICT In Education
Classroom Physical – limited size Unlimited
Synchronous Anytime, anywhere
Content PowerPoint / transparency / Multimedia / simulation
etc Digital library
Textbooks / library On demand
Video Syn & Asyn. Communication
Personalisation One learning path Learning path and pace
determined by learner
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Psychology of using Teaching Aids which include ICTs
Hear is an effective saying
I hear, I forget : Verbal description only are not enough for learners to
remember and understand. Visualization of objects especially in science and
technology is important
I see, I remember: Knowledge that is gained through the site is more colorful,
accurate and permanent. It is said that 80% of our knowledge is gained
through our eyes.
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ICT can help learning
Develop understanding
Speed and automatic functions of ICT can enable teachers to demonstrate,
explore or explain aspects of their teaching, and students learning, more
effectively e.g. use of a spread sheet to perform calculations in order that
patterns can be concentrated on rather than the calculating.
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ICT can help learning
Extend access to sources
The capacity and range of ICT can enable teachers and students to gain
access to historical, recent or immediate information, through, for
example, accessing information on CD-ROM or the Internet
Enhance enquiry skills
Search for and compare information from different sources
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ICT can help learning
Enhance the communication of ideas
communicate with other people, locally and over distances, easily and
effectively
present information in ways which are accessible in different forms for
different audiences.
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Does ICT increase access to learning opportunity?
Education opportunities in dispersed locations where conventional schools
are not viable;
A choice to students and parents of what they want to learn i.e. Choice
based credit system (CBCS);
A safety net for school drop-outs so they do not lapse into illiteracy;
Alternative venue to schools.
Second chance education.
Standardised curriculum materials
Lifelong learning concept
Limiting fraud in assessment process
Internet based ICT in Agriculture using web
applications
There are many web sites available for getting information regarding
agricultural products.
One of them is “Soil Health Card” a 12th National e-governance award winner.
It reflects soil testing report (Current composition of soil) and provides
information about which crops farmers should cultivate and which manure
should be applied in what proportion.
Agmarknet (Digital Mandi for Indian Kisan –by IIT, Kanpur)
www.kissankerala.net and Many more … 36
Green ICT
• Green ICT, or Green Information and Communication
Technology, refers to the environmentally responsible
and eco friendly use of technology and their resources
• It encompasses the design, manufacturing, use, and
disposal of ICT products and services with a focus on
minimizing their impact on the environment.
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Green ICT
Specifically, Green ICT as applied to the use of ICT resources aims to:
• Reduce energy consumption
• Reduced CO2 emissions during ICT use
• Reduce environmental impact of disposal of ICT waste products
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Steps towards Green ICT
Energy Efficiency: Green ICT emphasizes the development
and use of energy-efficient technologies. This involves
designing hardware and software that consume less power and
promoting the use of renewable energy sources in ICT
infrastructure.
E-waste Management: Green ICT considers the entire
lifecycle of ICT products, including their disposal. Proper e-
waste management involves recycling and responsible disposal
of electronic devices to minimize the environmental impact of
hazardous materials.
Sustainable Manufacturing: This involves using
environmentally friendly materials, reducing the use of toxic
substances, and implementing sustainable manufacturing 39
Steps towards Green ICT
Smart Grids and Smart Buildings: Green ICT can be
integrated into smart grid technologies and smart buildings to
optimize energy usage. This includes the use of sensors,
automation, and advanced ICT solutions to monitor and manage
energy consumption.
Telecommuting and Remote Work: By enabling remote work
and telecommuting through ICT tools, organizations can reduce
the need for physical office space, lower commuting-related
emissions, and contribute to a more sustainable work
environment.
Data Center Efficiency: Green ICT focuses on improving the
energy efficiency of data centers, which are significant
consumers of electricity. Techniques such as server virtualization,
cooling optimization, and the use of energy-efficient hardware 40
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Our Commitment
Accelerating Our Daily life activities by Convergence of Technologies &
Sharing of Experiences and Resources.
Green ICT can reduce costs and the negative impact
on the environment, making being green good for all businesses
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Thank You
