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Deepika Pers.2024

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2 views15 pages

Deepika Pers.2024

Uploaded by

keerthiselvam248
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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IDENTIFICATION OF

THE MOST
IMPORTANT TRAITS:
STATISTICAL
APPROACH

Deepika S
23PSYB12
I Msc Applied Psychology
TABLE OF CONTENT
Personality traits- Definition
Personality traits: Lexical Approach, Statistical approach, Theoretical
approach
Statistical approach
Factor analysis
Strengths of statistical approach
• Limitations in statistical approach
• Summary
PERSONALITY TRAITS

Personality traits are typically defined as descriptions of


people in terms of relatively stable patterns of behavior,
thoughts, and emotions (McCrae & Costa, 2003).
3 APPROACHES
Lexical approach
According to the lexical approach all traits listed and defined in the
dictionary form the basis of the natural way of describing
differences between people (Allport & Odbert, 1936).
Statistical approach
This approach uses factor analysis, or similar statistical
procedures, to identify major personality traits.
Theoretical approach
The third method is the theoretical approach. With this
method, researchers rely on theories to identify important
traits.
STATISTICAL
APPROACH
The statistical approach to identifying important traits starts with a
pool of personality items. These can be trait words, such as those
discovered through the lexical approach, or a series of questions about
behaviour , experience or emotion . In fact , most researchers using
the lexical approach turn to the statistical approach to distill self-
ratings of trait adjectives into basic categories of personality traits.
CONT….

Once a large and diverse pool of adjectives, items or sentences has


been assembled statistical approach is applied. The goal of the
statistical approach is to identify the major dimensions, or
“coordinates”, of the personality map , much the way latitude and
longitude provide the coordinates of the map of earth . The most
commonly used statistical procedure to identify these dimensions is
Factor analysis.
FACTOR ANALYSIS

Cattell has used the concept of factor analysis while identifying the
various traits of personality . His theory has used factor analysis as an
empirical tool while identifying theoretical concepts of traits .

Factor analysis condenses diverse data by identiying patterns ,


simplifying into factors.
EXAMPLE
Adjective rating Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3
(extraversion) ( Ambition) ( Creativity)
Humorous .66 .06 .19

Amusing .65 .23 .02

Popular .57 .13 .22

Hard working .05 .63 .01


Productive .23 .52 .19

Determined .23 .52 ..08

imaginative .01 09 .62

Original .13 .05 .53

Inventive .06 .26 .47


Factor loadings, which are indexes of how much of the variation
in an item is “explained” by the factor. Factor loadings indicate
the degree to which the item correlates with, or “loads on”, the
underlying factor. Factor analysis, in this case, is quite useful in
identifying three distinct group of traits terms that covary with
each other but are relatively independent of other groups.
STRENGTHS OF
STATISTICAL APPROACH
It has the ability to reduce a large, cumbersome array of diverse
personality adjectives or items into a smaller, more meaningful
set of broad, basic factors.
• Items that co-vary provides a means for determining the
common trait.
• Factor analysis helps in reducing large array of traits into
smaller and more useful set.
• It provides a means for organizing the thousands of traits.
LIMITATIONS OF STATISTICAL APPROACH

• If an important trait is to be left out of a particular analysis,


it will not show up in the subsequent results.
• Researchers need to pay close attention to their initial
selection of items.
SUMMARY

Personality traits

Statistical approach

Statistical technique: Factor analysis


REFERENCES

Larsen, R., & Buss, D. (2009). Personality Psychology :


Domains of knowledge about human nature.
McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social
Sciences/Languages.
Matthews, G., Deary, I. J., & Whiteman, M. C. (2009).
Personality traits. Cambridge University Press.

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