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Lecture 22

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3 views13 pages

Lecture 22

Uploaded by

Rana Sunny Khokhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LECTURE 22

IFTIKHAR AHMAD
D.G AUDIT
PART 1
Intra-personal and Inter-personal Skills
Intra-personal Communication:
It is a process in which the individuals connect with themselves
either consciously or subconsciously.
Intra personal communication includes conversations continually
going on in our own minds. Such internal conversations can be for
the purpose of:
1. Clarifying thoughts.
2. Analyzing the situation.
3. Reflecting upon or appreciating something.
Mastering the skills of intrapersonal communication lays the
foundation of successful socialization.
Ingredients of Intra-personal Communication:
Following are the important ingredients of intra-personal
communication:
1. Self-concept.
2. Perception.
3. Expectations.
Self-concept:
It provides the basis for intrapersonal communication,
because it governs how a person perceives one’s self
and is oriented towards other individuals. Self
concept which can also be referred to as self-
awareness comprises of three major factors:
1. Beliefs,2. values and 3. attitudes.
Beliefs:
They are either descriptive or prescriptive. They
represent basic personal attitudes and inclinations
towards what is true or false, good or bad.
Values:
These are deep rooted morals, standards and ideals,
which are consistent with beliefs about good and bad,
right and wrong, ideas and actions.
Attitudes :
These are learned behavior and tendencies towards or
against the subject matter, ideals that stem from and
or generally consistent with values. Attitudes often
are global and typically influenced by emotions
Types of Selves:
1. Real self:
What do you think of yourself when you are
being honest?
2. Ideal self:
Who you would like to be or think you should
be?
3. Public self:
The one you would like others to know.
2. Perception:
Self concept focuses internally, perception moves the focus
towards the outside world.
Definition of perception:
it is a process by which individuals establish, organize and
interpret their sensory impressions towards the external world
in order to give a meaningful and coherent picture of the
environment. However, what an individual perceives can be
significantly different from actual reality and they may also be
different from what others perceive of the same situation.
Perception of the external world is also deeply embedded in
beliefs, values and attitudes. It is so closely interrelated with
the concept of self that one feeds of the other, there by
creating a harmony between understanding of both one’s self
and one’s world
Factors Affecting Perception:
A number of individuals looking at the same
thing may perceive it completely differently.
There are numerous factors that can either
shape or distort perception. All these factors
can either pertain to the perceiver, the object,
the target which is focused and is being
perceived or the context in which the
perception is being made.
Following are the factors affecting the perception
1. Perceiver.
2. Target.
3. Context.
Expectations:
Future based messages dealing with long term implications are
termed as expectations. These are strong beliefs regarding
something that would happen in future.
There are two main aspects of expectations:
1. The expectations we have from others.
2. The expectations we have from our own selves.
How expectations are managed is critical to how experiences
and goals are managed and pursued
In order to manage expectations, one should develop an
understanding as to what is in ones control and what is not.
Expectations will be unreasonable if they are at extremes,
i.e. if someone expects to get hired immediately or assumes
will never have to work again, represents extremely
unreasonable expectations.
Factors that Influence Intra-personal
Communication:
1. Perspective.
2. Self-esteem.
3. Self-confidence.
4. Self-assertiveness.
Types of Intra-personal Communication:
1. Internal Dialogue
2. Solo vocal communication
3. Solo written communication
Importance of Intra-personal Communication:
1. It is the simplest form of communication. Thoughts
and ideas that flow within the mind are influenced by
an individual’s temperament, emotions, experience,
knowledge, opinions, views, values and attitudes.
2. It is the basis of all other types of communication.
3. It is regarded as an essential pre-requisite for effective
inter-personal communication.
4. Skills in intra-personal communication can provide the
right stability, direction and frame of judgment in
communicating with the external world.
5. It can be improved by concerted efforts, self
awareness and constant watch over one’s own self.
PART 2
1. Agenda
2. Minutes of meeting
3. Notice of meeting

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