Layout Managers
1. FlowLayout:
• Flow layout is the default Layout Manager.
• It works just like how text is arranged in a Text Edior. i.e.,
• The FlowLayout arrange the components in a line, one after another (in a flow).
import java.awt.*;
public class MyFlowLayout
{ MyFlowLayout()
{ Frame f=new Frame();
Button b1=new Button("1");
Button b2=new Button("2");
Button b3=new Button("3");
Button b4=new Button("4");
Button b5=new Button("5");
f.add(b1);f.add(b2);f.add(b3);f.add(b4);f.add(b5);
f.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFlowLayout myflow = new MyFlowLayout();
}
}
2. Border Layout:
• Border Layout is a layout manager that allows us to use different areas of a
screen.
• Border layout divides the screen into five parts out of which four are narrow in
corners and one large area in the center.
• Corners are termed as North, South, East, and West.
• The large area is called the center.
• Eg:
import java.awt.*;
public class Border
{
Border()
{
Frame f=new Frame();
Button b1=new Button("NORTH");;
Button b2=new Button("SOUTH");;
Button b3=new Button("EAST");;
Button b4=new Button("WEST");;
Button b5=new Button("CENTER");;
f.add(b1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
f.add(b2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
f.add(b3,BorderLayout.EAST);
f.add(b4,BorderLayout.WEST);
f.add(b5,BorderLayout.CENTER);
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Border br = new Border();
}
}
3. GridLayout:
• A grid is a two-dimensional structure in which components are aligned in rows
and columns.
• We need to understand that if we provide the number of columns as 0, the
length for the rows allowed will be infinite.
• Eg:
import java.awt.*;
public class MyGridLayout{
MyGridLayout(){
Frame f=new Frame();
Button b1=new Button("1");
Button b2=new Button("2");
Button b3=new Button("3");
Button b4=new Button("4");
Button b5=new Button("5");
Button b6=new Button("6");
Button b7=new Button("7");
Button b8=new Button("8");
Button b9=new Button("9");
f.add(b1);f.add(b2);f.add(b3);f.add(b4);f.add(b5);
f.add(b6);f.add(b7);f.add(b8);f.add(b9);
f.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,3));
//setting grid layout of 3 rows and 3 columns
f.setSize(300,300);
f.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyGridLayout();
}
}
Menu Bars and Menus
• The MenuBar class is used to display menu bar on the window or frame. It may
have several menus.
• An application can contain a MenuBar which in turn can contain one or more
Menu objects, which can contain one or more MenuItem objects, since Menu is
a subclass of MenuItem, each MenuItem can contain another Menu object as
well.
• Consider the example that shows how to create menu bar and menus..
import java.awt.*;
class MenuExample
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Frame f= new Frame("Menu and MenuItem Example");
MenuBar mb=new MenuBar(); // Creating Menu bar
Menu menu=new Menu("File"); //Creating File menu
Menu menu1=new Menu("Edit"); // Creating Edit menu
MenuItem i1=new MenuItem("New");
MenuItem i2=new MenuItem("Open");
MenuItem i3=new MenuItem("Cut");
MenuItem i4=new MenuItem("Copy");
menu.add(i1); menu.add(i2);
menu1.add(i3); menu1.add(i4);
mb.add(menu);
mb.add(menu1);
f.setMenuBar(mb);
f.setSize(400,400);
f.setLayout(null);
f.setVisible(true);
}
}
Dialogboxes
• Java class named JOptionPane that produce dialog boxes.
• A dialog box is a GUI object in which you can place messages that you want to
display on the screen.
• The showMessageDialog() method that is part of the JOptionPane class.
• The showMessageDialog() method is followed by a set of parentheses.
• The showMessageDialog() has two arguments.
• The first argument is null. It means the message box should be shown in the
center of the screen.
• After the comma, second argument is the string that should be output.
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
public class DialogBoxinJavaExample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"Dailog Box in Java Example");
}
}
