SOCIAL STUDIES’

SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT

(SBA)
Ms. K. Williams
 ▪ The SBA is an investigated research project
designed to help students develop their
researching skills. Students are expected to
identify a problem or social issue within their

SBA community, design an instrument to collect data,

present and interpret the data and present
findings and recommendation to the problems or
social issues they have previously identify. Forty
(40) marks is allocated for this project.
 ▪ Cover page
▪ Content page
▪ Acknowledgement
▪ Introduction
▪ Statement of the Problem
ELEMENTS OF ▪ Research Questions

THE SBA ▪ Reasons for Selecting Research

▪ Method of Investigation
▪ Data Collection Instrument
▪ Procedure for Data Collection
▪ Presentation of Data and Analysis
▪ Analysis and Interpretation of Data
▪ Findings
▪ Recommendation and Implementation Strategy
▪ Bibliography and Appendices where possible
 ▪ The SBA MUST include the following:
- Written in Time New Roman
- Font size should be 12
- Work must be doubled spaced
- New ideas/ paragraph must be visible (indent at

IMPORTANT the beginning of a new idea)

INFORMATION
- Pages MUST be numbered according to your
content page.
- For all the diagrams your present you Must have a
key (so as to explain the meaning of the symbol
use).
- Word limit MUST be 1500 (not including diagrams)
 Caribbean Examination Council

SOCIAL STUDIES

SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT (SBA)

(YEAR 2017)

PICTURE (optional)

Cover Page NAME OF CANDIDATE: SHEVELLE HILL

SCHOOL: PORT ANTONIO HIGH SCHOOL

CENTER NUMBER: 100094

CANDIDATE NUMBER: 1000941270

TEACHER: MS. Williams

TITLE:: A comparison of nuclear and extended families in my district and their ways of

fulfilling the various functions of the family.

 ▪ This is a list of chapters or sections given at the
front of a book.
▪ A content page allows its readers to easily locate a
Content page particular chapter or section of a book without
having to search the entire book to find a specific
information.
 Table of Content

Titles Pages

Acknowledgement 3

SAMPLE
Introduction 4

Reasons for selecting the area of research 5

Statement of the problem 6

Research questions 7
 ▪ This is the act of recognizing or give favourable
notice to something or someone.
Acknowledgeme ▪ It is an expression of appreciation or thanking

nt someone for the help they have given in carrying

out a research.
 Acknowledgment

The successful completion of this research would not have been possible without

the assistance and cooperation of a number of individuals who were kind enough to assist.

Therefore, I would like to thank the residents of my community Pleasant Hill, Port Antonio

for their massive support and valuable time spent on answering the questionnaire given.

Sample
I would also like to give thanks to my family for the encouragement and the

assistances in doing this School Based Assessment (SBA). I thank my siblings for relieving

me of household duties so I could put all attention in carrying out this study.

Thanks to my teacher Miss Williams and Miss Patterson for their step by step

guidance throughout this exercise.

Finally, thanks to God who has given me health and strength to carry out this

research for He made it all possible.

 ▪ Give a brief description of the topic you intent to
do in your community of educational environment.
This include the location of the community from

INTRODUCTIO
the parish capital, population size, ethnic groups,
occupations, religious groups in then type of
N community. E.g. Residential farming and fishing.
Say why you have decided to do this study and if
you choose a topic in your school you should give
a detailed description of your school.
 INTRODUCTION

The community of pleasant hill is not a particularly large. It is located approximately 3 miles southwest of the

parish’s capital Port Antonio. Its population size is about 500-600 individuals who are mostly from the African ethnic group but

others are mixed. The most common occupations you will find throughout the community are teachers and farmers. The persons

who live in this non-residential farming area are mostly Adventist and Pentecostals.

SAMPLE
I have been a resident of the pleasant hill community for the past 16 years. During this time I

have lived in an extended family household. However, sometimes we face difficulties in catering for all the

family members on a daily basis and I am curious about which is the better family type to satisfy their

member’s needs. I have always wondered is it nuclear or extended that is why when I saw this topic it

captured my interest. I finally saw my chance to compare the two.

I have therefore decided to conduct this survey to make a comparison between nuclear and extended

families in my community and their ways of fulfilling the various functions of the family.
 ▪ The problem must be in the form of a question using
three variable. Example variables include cause,
effect, frequency, sufficient, level, advantage,
disadvantage, solution, economical, social,
educational, emotional, prevalence, extent, poverty,
family type.

STATEMENT Example:

OF THE 1. To what extent does poverty, academic performance

and family type influence the decision of adolescent

PROBLEM in Crooked River, St. Mary to drop out of school?

2. How well is single parent family in Crooked River, St.
Mary able to cater to the economic, educational and
emotional welfare of adolescents in it?
3. What is the main cause and effect of teenage
pregnancy in Crooked River, St. Mary and how
frequently does it occur?
 ▪ The research questions are extremely important
and students must have at least three (3) research
questions which will assist them in finding answers
to the problem they have identify.
▪ These questions break down the statement of the
problem into three variables and they must also

Research be included in the questionnaire with responses.

Example:
Questions 1. What is the main cause of teenage pregnancy in
my community?
2. What is the main effect of teenage pregnancy in
my community?
3. How frequently does teenage pregnancy occur in
my community?
 ▪ Give a brief description of at least three (3)

Reasons for reasons the researcher has chosen to select this

topic and say why the topic interests you. Start by
selecting saying: The researcher has chosen the topic, the

Research causes, effects and prevalence of teenage

pregnancy in Crooked River, St. Mary because …..
 Reasons for selecting area of research

The researcher has chosen this topic because the value and

importance of extended family has decreased over the years. Therefore I have

lived in an extended family from the day I was born and I am curious to know

which of the two (2) family types is better able to carry out the functions of the

SAMPLE family. It is unknown throughout the community which of the family type

nuclear or extended is more prevalent. Also it is a mystery to everyone which

of the two family types is better able to carry out the functions of the family.

Therefore this topic of research is an excellent one to answer a

number of these unknown questions in a vivid way.

 ▪ Say what method of data collect you will use and
describe this method. State three (3)
advantaged/benefits for using this method.

▪ Examples of research methods:

Questionnaire
Method of Interview
Investigation Experiment
Survey
Case study
observation
 ▪ Design a questionnaire which will help you collect
the data or information that you need.
▪ The questionnaire should contain demography
questions and predominantly close questions and
responses for each question.

Data ▪ The questionnaire MUST include your three

research questions along with responses.
Collection ▪ The questionnaire should contain 12-15 questions.
Instrument ▪ A letter addressing the residence/school informing
them about the reason for the research you wish
to you within your community/school.
▪ A copy of the questionnaire and the letter must be
included in the SBA.
 Letter attached to questionnaire

Survey to compare nuclear and extended families in my district and their ways of
fulfilling the various functions of the family.

Crooked River,

Annotto Bay P.O.,

St. mary

Sample of Dear Residents,

Letter
This survey is being carried out in the community of pleasant hill, Port
Antonio, Portland to make a comparison between the nuclear and extended families in
the district and their ways of fulfilling the various functions of the family. This study
is being carried out as an assignment for social studies’ School Based Assessment I
am pursuing at present.

You are advised to answer the following questions honestly based on your
perspective truthfully. Since you do not have to write your names anywhere, no one
will ever know who answered in a particular way. Remember this is not a test. There
are no rights or wrong answers. All of the questions can be answered by just a tick.

Yours respectfully,

Shevelle Hill
 QUESTIONNAIRE
INSTRUCTION: Place a stick in the appropriate box below.
1. What is your gender/sex?

€ Male
€ Female

2. What is your age group?

€ 16-19

Sample of €
€
20-30

31-50

Questionnaire € Over 50

3. What is your occupation?

€ Teacher
€ Farmer
€ Laborer
€ Other

4. To which ethnic group do you belong to?

€ African
€ Indian
€ Chinese
 ▪ Give a step by step summary of methodology
(way in which you conduct your investigation)
from start until when you collected of
questionnaire. Describe the population of the
community you choose and use a sample size of
Procedure of 20%. (20% of 150 household will give you 30

Data questionnaires you need to give out).

Collection ▪ The bigger the population the more questionnaires

you will need to give out.
▪ Explain how did you select the persons for sample
e.g. random selection. Explain how the random
selection was done
 Procedures for data collection

There are approximately 110 households in the district Pleasant Hill. A sample is a small part of a

population used when the population size is too large to measure the entire population. A sample size of

20 % percent was used. Twenty percent ( 20%) of a sum 110 is 22 questionnaires were issued because the

researcher did not expect all questionnaires to be returned. The researcher’s expectations were correct, as

the same amount issued out weren’t returned. Twenty questionnaires were received and all were used to

determine data. The questionnaires were issued to members of the community unequally between male and

female of all ethnic groups (African, Indians, Chinese and mixed) and from a variety of occupations. The

researcher also targeted members who attend the following churches (Adventist, Pentecostals, seventh

SAMPLE day Adventist) but there was no box for other where individuals who didn’t see their church would select.

The researcher used random selection as a means of choosing the sample. Random selection

means the selection of a random sample; each element of the population has an equal chance of being

selected. The researcher assigned a number to all the houses in the community and the numbers of the

houses were written on a small slip of paper and were placed in a paper bag. The bag was then tightly

closed and was shaken to get all the numbers to mix throughout; a total number of 22 slips were drawn

from the paper bag. The researcher then placed each questionnaire in an envelope with a letter attached

and hand delivered the questionnaire to each of the 22 households and then a week later went and collected

them.
 ▪ Date should be collected from the questionnaire and
presented using three different ways e.g, 2 pie chart, 2
bar chart, 2 table.
▪ At least six (6) questions from the questionnaire should
be present.
▪ The THREE (3) research questions MUST be presented.

Presentation ▪ All diagram MUST have a title at the top explain what the

of Data
diagram is about.
E.g. Pie chart 1 showing responses to the question,
Collection what is the main cause to teenage pregnancy.
▪ All numbers on the diagram must be percentage, has a
key and should be explained.
E.g. Based on the responses from the
questionnaires it can be seen that (43%) of the
sample states that the belong to the middle class.
Another (30%) declare that they belong to the lower
class and the next (27%) stated that they below to
the upper class.
 Figure 1 showing pie chart of respondent’s responses to question which family type is better able to fulfill
the economic function?

SAMPLE

Based on the responses majority of the respondents (55%) claimed that the nuclear family is

better able in fulfilling the financial function of the family. 45% of the respondents said that the

extended family is better.

 ▪ To interpret the data you must draw inferences by
looking at 3-4 of the most important questions
that your data shows.
▪ This is usually your three research questions. You
can interpret this information by looking at the

Analysis and highest percentage response from responders or

the response that most respondents choose.
Interpretation ▪ For each of these responses you must break the

of Data data down in details and draw inferences as to

why persons choose the answers they did and
state why your sample population thought that the
factor was important. Similarities in responses can
also be acknowledged.
 Analysis and interpretation of data

There was an unanimous agreement by the residents of Pleasant hill that the nuclear family is better able to

fulfill the economic function of the family, extended family is better able to carry out the educational function and

socialization function of the family. 55% of 20 respondents choose nuclear family to be better able to fulfill the

economic functions. Further estimate and observation has shown me why this response was more prevalent among the

respondents for in the nuclear family household there are fewer people to cater for and more sources of income with

both parents working. Also there are less ways for money to be spent being that there are just parents and children

living together.

However, the extended family was a popular choice among the respondents as being better able to carry out

SAMPLE the educational and socialization function. 80% of the respondents who responded to the question which family type is

better able to carry out the educational function chose extended family and 60 % of the respondents who responded to

the question which family type is better able to carry out the socialization function chose extended family also. The

further finds has concluded a reason why the extended family was a more prevalent choice among the residents for

those two particular questions. The extended family household is often filled with family members’ from all points of

the family tree; some include cousins’ aunties’ uncles’ grandparents and parents. These members often rank in different

age groups from very young to very old. With this much individuals around it is impossible for children not to learn

how to socialize, for they have to interact with a lot of individuals daily. Grandparents are there to teach socialization

skills and values which is a very important and major component in socialization.

Also performing educational skills takes time, persistence and it’s not an easy task to perform especially by a
father and mother who has to work 8 hours per day. Therefore the extended family unit is better where there are more
individual’s around to assist.
 ▪ In this section the researcher must choose three
findings based on the three (3) research questions
you choose to analyse.
▪ You must now restate these THREE research
questions as findings. This must be supported with
figures from the presentation of data.
▪ You must now show that there is a link between
FINDINGS your findings and the statement of the problem.
e.g. since your research questions states, what is
the main cause of teenage pregnancy? One of your
finding must state e.g. The main cause of teenage
pregnancy is the lack of the use of contraceptives by
teenagers which is the most popular answer claimed
by 70% of the respondents.
 FINDINGS

The researcher has revealed a number of deficiencies and sufficiency with respect to a comparison of

nuclear and extended families and their ways of fulfilling the various functions of the family in my community of

pleasant hill. These include:

1. The nuclear family is better able to fulfill the economic function of the family more effectively than the

extended family. This was indicated by 55% of the 20 residents who were given the questionnaire and

who resides in pleasant hill. However this is the only function of the family that the nuclear house hold is

able to fulfill more effectively than the extended family according to the respondents.

SAMPLE
2. The extended family is better able to carry out the educational function of the family than the nuclear

family would. As indicated by 80% of the 20 respondents.

3. The extended family is better able to carry out the socialization function of the family than the nuclear

family. This was indicated by 60% of the 20 respondents.

Therefore this indicates that the extended family household is better in carrying out the various

functions of the family because according to the respondent’s questionnaire this family household carries out the

various functions more effectively and efficiently.

 ▪ Based on the findings now you must suggest
THREE (3) solutions or policies that the schools,
community or government that can help to
address the problems that you have identify.
▪ Write one implementation strategy based on one
Recommendat of your findings that means that you must find
something of a programme that you can suggest
ions and to implement so you can have a practical

Implementati example of how your suggestion can work. Also

performing educational skills takes time, persistence and it’s
on of Strategy not an easy task to perform especially by a father and mother
who has to work 8 hours per day. Therefore the extended
family unit is better where there are more individual’s around
to assist.
▪
SAMPLE
 ▪ Bibliography is done in the American Psychological Association
(APA) format
Books
Last name, first name. (year of publication). Title of book. Place
of Publication: Place of Publication.
e.g. Ramsawak Rampersad, & Umraw Ralph R. (2005) modules in Social Studies
with (SBA) guide and CXC questions 4th Edition. Trinidad : Caribbean
Educational Publisher.

Bibliography Books with more than two authors

e.G Williams, Claypole etl. (1989). Caribbean History. Trinidad: Carlong
Publisher
Internet
Title. Date retrieved information from website
e.g. Teenage Pregnancy in Jamaica. Retrieved October 1, 2021 from
http;//www.teens.pregnancy.Jamaica.com

NB: references must be in alphabetical order

 ▪ A section or table of subsidiary matter at the end
Appendix of a book or document.