GROU
P1
BIAK-NA-
BATO
CONSTITUTI
ON
Biak-na-Bato
is a Tagalog
word for "cleft
rock." It is the
name of a
place in the
mountains of
Bulacan
The Biak-na-
Bato
Republic was
established
after
Aguinaldo
established
his
headquarters
in Biak-na-
Bato,
In July 1897, Aguinaldo
established the Biak-na-Bato
Republic and issued a
proclamation stating the
following demands:
▪ Expulsion of the friars and
the return of the friar lands to
the Filipinos
▪ Representation of the
Philippines in the Spanish
Nov. 1st. 1897,
unanimously adopt the
following articles for the
Article 1: Establishes
Constitution the
of the State:
supreme government of the
republic.
Article 2: Defines the powers
of the Supreme Council of the
government.
Article 3: Outlines the Vice-
President's role in case of a
Article 5: Prohibits the President,
Vice-President, Secretary, and Sub-
Secretary from holding other
offices
Article 6: Sets age requirements
for key officials.
Article 7: Emphasizes aptitude as
the basis for elections and
appointments.
Article 8: Declares Tagalog as the
official language.
Article 11: Addresses procedures
Article 14-18: Defines
the responsibilities of
the Secretaries of
Foreign Affairs, Interior,
War, and Treasury.
Article 19-21:
Establishes the roles of
the Lieutenant-General,
Captain-General of the
Army, and provincial
representatives.
Article 22-26 :
Article 27-29: Addresses
debts, obligations, and the
Council of Government's
power to remove officials.
Article 31-33: Establishes
the Supreme Council of
Grace and Justice,
emphasizes mutual
assistance among officials,
and outlines the creation of
THE CONSTITUTION
PROVIDED A:
SUPREME
COUNCIL
EMILIO MARIANO
AGUINALDO TRIAS
President Vice-
president
It provided for the creation of
a Supreme Council, which was
created on November 1, 1897,
with the following officers
having been elected:
TO END THE CLASHES
BETWEEN FILIPINOS
AND SPANIARDS...
EMILIO
MARIANO
AGUINALDO PEDRO
TRIAS
PATERNO
volunteered to act as
negotiator
On November 1,
1897, the provisional
constitution for the
Biak-na-Bato
Republic was
signed.The preamble
of the constitution
The separation of the
Philippines from the Spanish
monarchy and their formation
into an independent state
with its own government
called the Philippine Republic
has been the end sought by
the Revolution in the existing
war, begun on the 24th of
August, 1896; and therefore,
in its name and by the power
delegated by the Filipino
peo
The Pact of Biak-na-Bato,
signed on December 14,
1897, created a truce
between Spanish colonial
Governor-General Fernando
Primo de Rivera and the
revolutionary leader Emilio
Aguinaldo to end the
Philippine Revolution.
A ceasefire was declared by
both camps and an agreement
between Aguinaldo and the
Spanish forces was made.
CONDITIO
NS:
The Spanish
government will grant
SELF-RULE to the
Philippines in 3 YEARS
if Aguinaldo went to
exile in HONG KONG and
surrender his arms.
Aguinaldo will receive P800,000
(Mexican Pesos) as
remuneration to the
revolutionaries and an amnesty.
SO…
After receiving a partial
payment of P400,000,
Aguinaldo left for Hong Kong on
board the ship URANUS
(December 27, 1897).
WHY?
The Filipino’s and the
Spaniards did not trust
each other.
As a result, periodic
clashes between the two
groups still took place
even after Aguinaldo’s
departure from the
country.
The Spanish did not pay
AGUINALDO IN
HONG KONG
Battle of
Manila Bay
• May 1, 1898
• First major
battle of
Spanish
American War
• Led by
George Dewey
• Won with
four deaths
• Aguinaldo was firmly
convinced that it just
was a matter of days
before the Spaniards
surrendered.
• Therefore, he started
planning for the
declaration of
Philippine
THE TREATY OF
PARIS...
• FELIPE AGONCILLO – was
sent to the USA to try to
speak to Pres. McKinley –
FAILED
WHAT WAS THE
MEETING ABOUT?
1.
Outcome
of the
Spanish
–
America
n War
2.
TREATY OF PARIS IS
SIGNED...
• On Dec. 10, 1898,
• THE TREATY OF PARIS
ended the Spanish-
American War.
• Cuba was granted its
independence Spain
ceded the Philippines,
Guam, and Puerto Rico
LAST JOINT SESSION OF THE TREATY OF PARIS
Peace treaty negotiation
between American and
Spanish military
generals. The Americans
negotiated in a hostile
atmosphere because all
Europe, except England,
was sympathetic to the
Spanish side.
DIEGO DE LOS
RÍOS, the last
Spanish Governor-
General of the
Philippines. His
term ended on
Dec. 10, 1898
when the Treaty of
Paris was signed.
Biak-na-Bato Today
- National Park: Today,
Biak-na-Bato is a national
park, offering scenic
views, hiking trails, and
historical landmarks. The
park is a popular
destination for those
interested in Philippine
history and nature.
Significance of Biak-na-Bato
The Biak-na-Bato Republic and
the Pact of Biak-na-Bato are
important events in Philippine
history. They demonstrate the
Filipinos' determination to
achieve independence and their
willingness to fight for their
rights. The Biak-na-Bato
Republic, though short-lived,
served as a symbol of Filipino
nationalism and a stepping stone
towards the eventual
achievement of independence.
GROUP
MEMBERS:
MERIAM
PRADAS
ANGELICA
GASCON
PRECIOUS JEGIE
LYNE CASTRONUE
PALABRICA VO
CYRUS
ERICKA GERALINE
PUEVAS
LENTIJA FRANCISCO
QUIZ
Multiple
Choice:
1. What does "Biak-na-Bato"
mean in Tagalog?
a) Cleft Rock
b) Mountain Peak
c) Hidden Valley
d) Sacred Grove
2. Who was the President of the
Biak-na-Bato Republic?
a) Andres Bonifacio
b) Emilio Aguinaldo
c) Apolinario Mabini
d) Antonio Luna
3.What was the primary goal of the
Biak-na-Bato Constitution?
a) To establish a monarchy
b) To create a new religion
c) To end the Philippine Revolution
d) To declare war on Spain
4.What was the Pact of Biak-na-
Bato?
a) A treaty between the Philippines
and the United States
b) A truce between the Filipinos and
the Spanish
government promise in
the Pact of Biak-na-
Bato?
a) Full independence for
the Philippines
b) Self-rule for the
Philippines in three
years
c) A large sum of money
to Aguinaldo
d) An alliance with the
Filipinos
6. The Biak-na-Bato Republic
lasted for many years.
7.The Biak-na-Bato Constitution
established a democratic
republic.
8. The Pact of Biak-na-Bato was
a complete success in ending
the Philippine Revolution.
9. The Battle of Manila Bay was
a decisive victory for the
Spanish.
10. The Treaty of Paris granted
independence to the
THANK
YOU
AND
