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Lesson 3 the Slope of a Tangent Line

This document covers the basic concepts of derivatives in calculus, including the definition of a derivative, the relationship between derivatives and the slope of tangent lines, and the importance of limits. It outlines learning competencies, performance standards, and provides examples related to tangent and secant lines, as well as calculating derivatives. Additionally, it discusses scenarios where tangent lines may not exist due to discontinuities or sharp corners in functions.

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Charlotte Deguzman
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18 views

Lesson 3 the Slope of a Tangent Line

This document covers the basic concepts of derivatives in calculus, including the definition of a derivative, the relationship between derivatives and the slope of tangent lines, and the importance of limits. It outlines learning competencies, performance standards, and provides examples related to tangent and secant lines, as well as calculating derivatives. Additionally, it discusses scenarios where tangent lines may not exist due to discontinuities or sharp corners in functions.

Uploaded by

Charlotte Deguzman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DERIVATIVES

BASIC CALCULUS

The Definition of the Derivative


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Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES
CONTENT STANDARDS

The learner demonstrates an understanding of the basic concepts of


derivatives

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

The learner shall be able to formulate and solve accurately situational problems
involving extreme values Click to edit Master subtitle style

Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

Learning Competencies:
1. Applies the definition of the derivative of a function at a given number.
2. Relate the derivative of a function to the slope of a tangent line.
3. Determine the relationship between differentiability and continuity of a function.
Click to edit Master subtitle style
Lesson Outline:
4. The slope of a tangent line
5. The definition of the derivative of a function

Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

Calculus – also called the mathematics of change.

Limits – the backbone of calculus. The evaluation of a particular limit


is what underlies the formulation of the
Click to edit Master derivative
subtitle style and the integral of a
function.

Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

Basic Calculus:

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Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

Tangent Lines and Secant Lines:


1. Tangent Line – a line
intersecting a circle or
a curve at exactly one
point .
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2. Secant Line – a line
intersecting a circle or
a curve at two points

Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

Relationship of Tangent and Secant Line:


1. Secant Line to y=f(x)
through P is any line
connecting P and another
point Q on C.
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2. The tangent line to y=f(x)
at P is the limiting
position of all secant lines
as Q P.

Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

Curves that do not have Tangent Lines:


1. The case when the
function is not
continuous at Xo.
2. The case when the Click to edit Master subtitle style
function has a sharp
corner/cusp at P.

Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

The Slope and Equation of a Line:


Slope of a Line: Equation of the Line:

)
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Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

Examples:
Given A(1,-3), B(3,-2) and C(-1,0), what are the slopes and equation of the
lines:
1. AB
2. AC Click to edit Master subtitle style
3. BC

Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

The Slope and Equation of the Tangent Line:


Steps:
1. Get the slope of the tangent line by computing the slope using:

2. Substitute the value of Click


m and to edit
theMaster subtitle style
coordinates of the known point P(Xo,
Yo) into the point slope form to get
)

Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

Examples:
Find the equation of the tangent line:

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Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

Derivative of a Function:
The derivative of a function f(x)
with respect to x is the function

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Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

Examples: Derivatives of Functions


Find the derivative of the given functions:

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Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC
DERIVATIVES

Writing and Reading a Derivative:

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Lesson 5: The Definition of the Derivative


BASIC

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