GLOBAL

FOOD
SECURITY
GROUP 14
RECITATION

For you, what does Food Security

mean?
Why is it important?
DID YOU KNOW THAT:

• Food is the most essential

requirement for the
sustenance of human life.
• Even if a person lacks
shelter or clothing, they
can still survive if they
have access to wholesome
nutrition.
DID YOU KNOW THAT:

• Throughout history, food has been a

catalyst for societal transformation,
organization, development, competition,
and conflict (Goenka University, 2014).
Yet, the irony is striking: while 1 out of 9
people worldwide—approximately 795
million—suffer from hunger, a staggering
1.3 billion metric tons of food are wasted
DID YOU KNOW THAT:

• In Sub-Saharan Africa, 1 in
4 people is
undernourished, and 45%
of deaths in children under
five—around 3 million
annually—are due to poor
nutrition.
DID YOU KNOW THAT:

• On the other hand, over 2

billion adults globally face
obesity or are overweight,
driven by unhealthy food
choices or the
unaffordability of nutritious
diets, leading to various
diseases .
DID YOU KNOW THAT:

• Agriculture, while essential to food

production, is a significant contributor to
greenhouse gases, deforestation, and water
scarcity.
• 3,500 liters of water to produce 1 kg of rice
while 15,000 liters for 1 kilograms of beef
• The land required to produce 1 kg of meat
DID YOU KNOW THAT:

• Civil engineering, across diverse

sectors, it is essential for tackling
global food security by advancing
infrastructure, pioneering agricultural
innovations, optimizing water
management, and promoting
sustainable development practices.
WHAT IS FOOD SECURITY ?
(THE STATE OF FOOD INSECURITY IN THE WORLD)

Food security, at the

individual, household, national,
regional and global levels is
achieved when all people, at all
times, have physical, social, and
economic access to sufficient,
safe and nutritious food to meet
their dietary needs and food
preferences for an active and
healthy life.
THE FOUR PILLARS:

Stability
THE FOUR PILLARS OF FOOD SECURITY:

AVAILABILITY
The availability of
sufficient quantities of
food of appropriate
quality, supplied through
domestic production or
imports (including food
aid).
THE FOUR PILLARS OF FOOD SECURITY:

ACCESS
Means households
have enough resources to
obtain food in sufficient
quantity, quality, and
diversity for a nutritious
diet.
THE FOUR PILLARS OF FOOD SECURITY:

UTILIZATION
Refers to the
households' decision on
what type and how much
food to purchase, prepare,
consume, and allocate
within the household.
THE FOUR PILLARS OF FOOD SECURITY:

STABILITY
A state wherein
the household has a
constant supply of food
throughout the year
and in the long-term.
IMPORTANCE OF GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY
Access to quality, nutritious food is fundamental
to human existence. Secure access to food can produce
wide ranging positive impacts, including:
• Economic growth and job creation
• Poverty reduction
• Trade opportunities
• Increased global security and stability
• Improved health and healthcare
GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY ORGANIZATIONS

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF FOOD AND

AGRICULTURE (NIFA)
Is a U.S. Federal government
body whose creation was mandated
in the food conservation, and
energy act of 2008. Its purpose is to
consolidate all federally funded
agricultural research, and it is
subordinate to the department of
agriculture.
GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY ORGANIZATIONS

THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT

OF AGRICULTURE (USDA)
AIso known as the Agriculture
Department, is the federal executive
department responsible for
developing and executing federal
laws related to farming, forestry,
rural economic development, and
food.
GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY ORGANIZATIONS

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF

THE UNITED NATIONS (FAO)
Is a specialized agency of the United
Nations for food, nutrition, agriculture,
fisheries and forestry. FAO’s global vision is for
a world free from hunger and malnutrition
where food and agriculture contribute to
improving the living standards of all especially
the poorest, in an economically, socially and
environmentally sustainable manner.
GLOBAL HUNGER INDEX (2024)
GLOBAL HUNGER INDEX (2024)

Globally, hunger has decreased by 34.6% since

2000, with the GHI score dropping from 28.0 to 18.3 in
2024. Regions like Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia
still face serious (20.0–34.9) or alarming (35.0–49.9)
hunger levels, affecting over 40% of the regions, while
most of Europe, North America, and parts of Latin
America, accounting for approximately 30% of
countries, have low hunger levels (≤ 9.9).
EFFECTS OF FOOD INSECURITY:

1. EFFECTS ON CHILDREN
There are more inclined to
hospitalization and at a higher
risks of chronic health conditions
like anemia and asthma. Food
Insecurity in children is also
pertained to the poor physical
quality of life and impedes them
form fully engaging them in daily
school activities, as well as social
interaction with their peers.
EFFECTS OF FOOD INSECURITY:

2. FOOD INSECURITY LEADS

TO HUNGER
Hunger can also result
from food insecurity.
EFFECTS OF FOOD INSECURITY:

3. INCREASES IN FOOD PRICES

Food insecurity means there
is a scarcity of food commodities,
making the available food
expensive to purchase. These
means the prices will go up and
will result in related items being
more expensive.
EFFECTS OF FOOD INSECURITY:

4. UNEMPLOYMENT
When a nation is insecure
about their availability of food,
the economy will slow down. This
means more people will lose
their jobs, wages will be lost, and
losses in income will be
prevalent.
EFFECTS OF FOOD INSECURITY:

5. A RISE IN HEALTH-
RELATED COSTS
The higher the rate of
food insecurity, the higher
the risk of developing
chronic illness such as heart
diseases
EFFECTS OF FOOD INSECURITY:

6. VIOLENT CONFLICT
Despite violence being a
cause food insecurity, the
lapse is also true. Food
insecurity, especially when
caused by a rise in food
prices, is danger, and results
in violence.
 Key Factors that Affect Food
Security Greedy Land
Land
Deals
Degradation

Climate Declining
Change GLOBAL Farmer
Population
FOOD
Global Water SECURITY Competition
Crisis with
Biofuels

Changing Population
Dietary Growth
Preference
KEY FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOOD SECURITY:

Population Growth
• The world population is expected to grow
to 9.1 billion by 2050
• By then, agricultural demand is expected
to increase by 70 % (vs. 2006). The
challenge is not just about producing 70%
more food, but on having 70% more food
available on the plate.
KEY FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOOD SECURITY:

Changing Dietary Preference

• With rising income, people, especially
those in the urban areas, are increasingly
developing preference for processed food
as well as meat & dairy products. These
food choices are more input-intensive
(water, energy, land, other resources)
versus plant food.
KEY FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOOD SECURITY:

Global Water Crisis

• Water scarcity largely impacts food
production. Without water, crops cannot
be grown and livestock cannot be raised.
The water table reserve in many
countries is in dangerously low levels
due to over-pumping and irrigation.
KEY FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOOD SECURITY:

Climate Change
• Climate change significantly affects
food security. Global warming has
resulted to more frequent, more severe
and more extreme disasters like super
typhoons, tsunamis, flooding and
drought which damage crops and
disrupt access to food.
KEY FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOOD SECURITY:

Land Degradation
• Intensive farming strips the soil of
nutrients leading to the decline in
agricultural productivity.
• Infertile soil needs a lot of external
inputs like fertilizer and water which
increase the cost of farming.
KEY FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOOD SECURITY:

Greedy Land Deals

• Developing countries get enticed
to lopsided deals with
corporations, which give the latter
the rights to agricultural lands at
the expense of the former's own
food security.
KEY FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOOD SECURITY:

Competition with Biofuels

• Due to declining fossil fuel reserves,
biofuels are increasingly being explored as
a renewable alternative. Biofuel, mostly in
the form of ethanol is produced through
the fermentation of sugar cane and corn.
Thus, it becomes a competition between
food and fuel.
KEY FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOOD SECURITY:

Declining Farmer Population

• The world relies on small agriculture
producers; some 500 million
smallholder farms worldwide produce
over 80% of the food consumed in the
developing world
KEY FACTORS THAT AFFECT FOOD SECURITY:

Declining Farmer Population

• The young generation is not inclined to
farming due to its many challenges
and due to the appeal of other
occupations which are physically
easier and/or with higher economic or
social returns.
 THE ROLE OF UNIVERSITY
STUDENTS, FUTURE
ENGINEERS, AND EDUCATORS
IN ADDRESSING GLOBAL FOOD
SECURITY
UNIVERSITY STUDENTS (GENERAL):

• Population Growth: Practice responsible family

planning, avoid teenage pregnancy, and raise
awareness about population control.
• Climate Change: Reduce personal carbon
footprints by avoiding littering, recycling waste,
and adopting sustainable habits.
UNIVERSITY STUDENTS (GENERAL):

• Changing Dietary Preferences: Promote mindful

eating habits, avoid food wastage, and support
local, sustainable food sources.
• Global Water Crisis: Conserve water in daily
activities and advocate for water-saving
practices in communities.
FUTURE ENGINEERS AND ENGINEERING STUDENTS:

• Climate Change: Develop renewable energy

solutions and design technologies to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture.
• Global Water Crisis: Innovate advanced
irrigation systems, water desalination
technologies, and efficient recycling methods.
FUTURE ENGINEERS AND ENGINEERING STUDENTS:

• Competition with Biofuels: Create alternative

methods to balance energy production with
food security.
• Land Degradation: Engineer soil restoration
techniques and sustainable farming equipment
to rejuvenate degraded lands.
FUTURE EDUCATORS:

• Greedy Land Deals: Raise awareness among

communities about the importance of ethical
land use and conservation.
• Declining Farmer Population: Inspire young
generations to consider agriculture as a viable
and rewarding profession.
FUTURE EDUCATORS:

• Population Growth: Educate students about the

impacts of overpopulation and advocate for
responsible behavior.
• Changing Dietary Preferences: Promote
awareness about balanced, sustainable diets
and the environmental impact of food choices.
 University students and future professionals hold the
power to address the increasing challenges of food
sustainability. By adopting responsible behaviors, such as
recycling, conserving resources, and promoting ethical
practices, university students can make a significant
difference. Future engineers, with their innovative designs
and problem-solving skills, can transform agriculture and
resource management to meet the demands of a growing
population. Meanwhile, future educators can foster a culture
of sustainability and awareness, ensuring that the next
generation is equipped to tackle these issues. Together,
these efforts contribute to a more sustainable and equitable
future.
 THANK
YOU
REPORTERS:
JOHN PAUL SUAZO
JANNAH SUSCANO
ALMIRA LUZ
TAGAL