Introduction to ICT and
Programming
Lecture # 3 : Internet & World Wide Web
The World of The Internet
The Internet & the World Wide Web
Exploring Cyberspace
2.1 Choosing Your Internet Access Device &
Physical Connection: The Quest for
Broadband
2.2 Choosing Your Internet Service Provider (ISP)
2.3 Sending & Receiving E-Mail
2.4 The World Wide Web
2.5 The Online Gold Mine: More Internet
Resources, Your Personal Cyberspace, E-
Commerce, & the E-conomy
2.1 Choosing Your Internet Access
Device & Physical Connection
This section discusses the different
technologies used to connect individuals to
the internet including:
– 1. Access device: a personal computer
with a modem
– 2. Physical connection: a telephone
line
Physical connection
The wired or wireless means of
connecting to the Internet.
Data Transmission Rates
Data is transmitted in bits per
second.
– bps stands for bits per second. A bit is the smallest unit
of information used by computers. A computer with an
older modem might have a speed of 28,800 bps per
second.
– Kbps stands for kilobits per second. This is the most
frequently used measure.
– Mbps stands for megabits per second
– Gbps stands for gigabits per second
Bandwidth
- an expression of how
much data can be sent
through a communications
channel in a given amount
of time
Broadband - very high
speed connection
Download & Upload
Download - to transmit
data from a remote
computer to a local
computer
Upload - to transmit data
from a local computer to a
remote computer
Telephone (Dial-Up) Modem:
Low Speed but Inexpensive & Widely Available
Modem - device
that sends and
receives data over
telephone lines to
and from computers
Most modems
today have a
maximum speed of
56 Kbps.
Using a modem and phone line to establish a connection to the Internet is called making a dial-up connection.
High-Speed Phone Lines:
More Expensive but Available in Most Cities
IntegratedServices Digital network (ISDN) - hardware
and software that allows voice, video, and data to be
communicated over traditional copper-wire telephone lines.
Speeds up to 128 kbps.
DigitalSubscriber Line (DSL) - also uses regular phone
lines but much faster than ISDN. Download speeds 1.5 –
8.4 Mbps
T1 - a traditional trunk line that carries 24 normal
telephone circuits and has a transmission rate of 1.5 Mbps
High-Speed Lines
Cable: Close Competitor to DSL
Speeds up to 10 Mbps
Fiber Optics: Can support speeds up to 2 Gbps
Wireless Systems: Satellite & Other
Through-the-Air Connections
Satellite: With a pizza-size satellite dish on
your roof, you can receive data at the rate of 400
Kbps from a communications satellite, a space
station that transmits radio waves called
microwaves from earth-based stations.
Other wireless connections: In urban
areas, some businesses are using radio waves
transmitted between towers that handle cellular
phone calls, which can send data at up to 155
Mbps.
Thank you
Thank you
