City planning

Zanko 1 sector
Prepared by : Sana farhad , Helen muhsein

Marzya fakhir , Baren kamaran

Sairan salar , nyan karwan

Naz nidham , arman wasman

Supervisor: City Planning

staff

1
 Table of Content
1. INTRODUCTION
I .I Abstract
I.2 Objective
1.3 Scope of study
I.4 Methodology

2. SIMILE EXAMPLE

2.1 History of Erbil city

2 .2 Environment of Erbil city
3. le Corbusier's principles of city planning and their application in virtual environments
1. Le Corbusier's Plan

2. The sector

3. Le Corbusier's Planning Principles

2.4City Of Artesia

2 .4. Land use map Residential

1 Population
2.4.2 Educational attainment of adults
2.4.3
2.4.4

2
 3. DATA COLLECTION
3.1 Case of Study
3.1.1 The development of Erbil city
3.1.2 Environment of Erbil city
3.1.3 Sustainability

2. Land use map

3. Physical planning
3.3.1 Residential Zoning
3.3.2 Commercial Zoning
3.3.3 Educational Zoning
3.3.4 Health Zoning
3.3.5 Governmental Zoning
3.3.6 Religious zoning
3.3.7 Environment
3.3.8 Physical problem
3.3.9 Street network

4. Infrastructure
1. transportation
2. electricity
3.5 Open Space
3.5.1 Sport field Zoning
3.5.2 Green area Zoning

3
 3.6 Soial study

1. Data collection on population by asking 120 families in different zones

2. Population

4. FINDING AND CONCLUSION

1. Block Structure
1. Facilities
1. Commercial
2. Education
3. Health
4. Religious
5. Government
6. Environment
7. physical problem
4.1.2 Residential

2. Open Space
1. 1 Green Area
2. Sport

4.3 CONCLUSION & REFERENCE

4
 Chapter: 1
INTRODUCTION

5
1.1 Abstract

This report focused on analyses on a local planned sector from the region which is the Zanko 1sector. Zanko 1would be a small
sector and it is located in South-East of Erbil. as the world expands more and buildings become more thus creating and
broadening each city in the world. This report addresses the issues, off standards, standards and recommendation for zanko 1.

6
2. Objective :

Physical study of block structure of sector district ( Housing typology, facilities, infrastructure, street network, open space,
environment, physical problems ).

• Housing typology : that has many features according to sizes , for example, 100m,200,150m,300m, 125m having
different levels of flooring. The houses were studied according to age which is separated to three categories and that is old,
middle,new age.

•Facilities : Commercial buildings It is made up of restaurant , local market , gas station , plantation ,electrician &
painters, butcher shop ,cafeterias, tea office house, car service, youth center . . . . . . .etc.
Total area of all of the commercial buildings is 6.7449 hectares which takes up 7% of the whole sector.
Secondly, religious building makes up 1% of the whole sector. There are two mosques in zanko I that are located in different
locations.

Thirldly, commercial makes up 7% of the sector. Commercial building are distributed randomly throughout the sector.
It is made up of market, motels, plantation, barber, salons, butchery, filling station . . . .etc

7
 Moreover; education is 3% of the sector. The sector consists of five educational building ditributed equally among the
sector. The sector lacked nursery and intermediate school.

In addition; administration makes up I% of the sector. Zanko I has only two adminstration buildings

Green area is 9% of the sector, which consists of playfields and parks lacking playground.

Health is 2% of the sector, that has hopitals and centers in it, most importantly a rehabilation center.

• Infrastructure: Is the term for the basic physical systems of a business or nation
transportation, communication, sewage, water and electric systems are all examples of infrastructure. These
systems tend to be high-cost investments and are vital to a country's economic development and prosperity.

• Street network: is a system of interconnecting lines and points (called edges and nodes in network science) that
represent a system of streets or roads for a given area. A street network provides the foundation for network
analysis; for example, Finding the best route or creating service areas. There is only three types of street in Zanko There
are no cul-de-sacs. The streets organized randomly.

8
 • Open Space : The sector has two sportfields and has 13,583m and 3,320m respectively. The
13,583m sportfield includes 12 players and the 3,320 m sportfield inludes 6 players.

• Environment : The orientation of the sun doesn 't have affect to all the house directly, only half of the houses

benefit from the sun orientation.

• Physical problem :the architecture sector often encounters various physical problems that can impact the design,

construction, and usability of buildings. Here are some common issues: sound prolusion ,air prolusion Dust and

debris front the houses , power cables in our sector we have all of this issues.

9
 1.3 Scope of study : The sector is 4.5 km away from the center which takes 20 minutes by car going from the center
and we studied of housing facility shortage ,open spaces,environment, economy and social aspect.

100m road • Ahmedi khani road

• Runaki Zanko road
road

10
 1.4 methodology :
•The methods that we use in our data collection was by questioning:

y Peoples

y Property

y Province

y Municipality

y Community leader

y Police
Y Census department
•The photos are taken :

Y prepa rers
Y GIS Depa rtment
Y Urban planning depa rtment
Y Real estate

11
 • And the software's we use it to analysis the image, tables, data , so that the information is clearly

communicated.
Y AutoCAD
Y Photoshop
Y PowerPoint
Y Microsoft Excel
Y Lumion
Y Sketch up
Y Splice app for videos.

conclusion
The analysis reveals key challenges in the sector, including limited housing diversity, inadequate urban
planning, and environmental concerns. The prevalence of row houses, lack of greenery, uncleanliness,
and narrow streets contribute to poor livability. Functional overlaps, like residential spaces used
commercially, and disorganized infrastructure, such as random gates and electrical switches, further
highlight planning issues. Improvements in housing variety, green spaces, cleanliness, and infrastructure
organization are essential to enhance the sector's living conditions and overall appeal.

12
 Chapter: 2
Literature review

13
2.1 History of Erbil city :
Erbil, the capital of the Kurdistan Region in Iraq, is considered the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world, with around
6,000 years of history. Its urban development began in the southern part near the south gate, gradually expanding outward. The
older southern sections contrast with the more recent northern areas, which mostly date back to the 1930s and 1940s, as
evidenced by their architectural style and the use of jack-arching with steel joists-techniques that were largely unknown in Iraq
before the 1920s.

14
2.2 Environment of Erbil city :
Erbil, located in northern Kurdistan, Iraq, features a semi-arid continental climate characterized by hot, dry summers and cold, wet
winters, with limited rainfall primarily in October and November, averaging 543 mm annually. The city is situated near the
confluence of the Tigris and Little Zap rivers to the south and the Zagros Mountains to the northeast. The interplay between
architecture and the environment is crucial, as understanding natural systems and human impact is essential for effective building
design and environmental stewardship.

15
2.3 le Corbusier's principles of city planning and their application in virtual environment :

2.3.1 Le Corbusier's Plan

Le Corbusier's plan was based on the gridiron defined by a system of seven types of roads, which Le Corbusier called the 7 Vs (from the French word 'voie)
and their 48 expected functions around and within the neighborhood. The neighborhood itself is surrounded by the fast-traffic road called V3 intersecting at
the junctions of the neighborhood unit called the 'Sector' with a dimension of 800 meters by 1200 meters.The entrance of cars into the sectors of 800 meters
by 1200m, which were exclusively reserved to family life, could take place on four points only; namely in the middle of the 1200 m. in the middle of the 800
meters. All stoppage of circulation shall be prohibited at the four circuses, at the angles of the Sectors. The bus stops are provided each time at 200 meters
from the circus so as to serve the four pedestrian entrances into a sector. Thus, the transit traffic took place outside the sectors: the sectors being surrounded
by four wall-bound car roads without openings (the V3s}.Consequently, no house (or building) door opens on the thoroughfare of rapid traffic.

2.3.2 The Sector:

The key of modern urbanism is 'the Sector', which was defined as a container of family life (24 solar hours: night and day). The population would be
approximately from 5,000 to 20,000 inhabitants. Chandigarh had 30 sectors. Each sector had its maintenance organizations, the fooc provisions, schools
(kindergarten and primary},The fundamental principle of the sector was that no door was to open on the surrounding V-3s. Therefore the four surrounding V-
3s were to be separated from the sector by a blind wall all along. In consequence, the sector would neve receive transit buses or cars. If there were today
any actual organizations, which were to break this rule,it should be set right. However, the V- 4 could accept the through passage of cars and buses but only
at low speed. Each sector would have a green properly oriented in the direction of the mountain, constituting a band vertically connecting a series of sectors.

16
2.3.3 Le Corbusier's Planning Principles

The salient features of principles of planning defined by Le Corbusier as studied in the earlier chapters are summarized as below:

(a)He advocated universality in city planning. His planned cities could be located anywhere, free of context, history , and traditions of the place. The
environment patterns created over the time didn't matter to him, as his philosophy was to treat a City Plan as a plain piece of canvas upon which a single
integrated composition could be imposed.

(b)He wished that any new city designed should be organized , serene, forceful, airy and ordered.

(c)He was a strong supporter of geometry (grid) in planning and insisted on right- angled junctions.

(d)He called for standardization of building elements such as doors, frames, roof tiles and even screws. He strongly believed that the construction
standards should be similar every where in support of his idea of context free cities.

(e)He was for strict separation of societal functions (Zoning) and asserted definitively that the plan is the dictator of any city.

By reading and studying Le Corbusier, one can learn the evolution of his thinking on City Planning. The monotony of similarities and parallels in the
design can be seen in the examples of these discussed in the case studies before. The City for Three Million , even though h hypothetical and
unimplemented , shows the same strong expressions as that of his other planned cities and basically his principles of planning. Brasilia on the other hand , is
a good example of Corbusier's influence on the world of city planning with Oscar Niemeyer taking a lot of inspiration from him while acting as the
designer. Similar examples of Le Corbusier's uncompromising ideas can be observed in his plans for Paris and Moscow (Illustrations 19. 20. 21).

17
24 CITY 0 F ARTE,CIA
1

Artesia is a city in south-east Los Angeles County, California. Artesia was incorporated on May 29, 1959 and is one of Los
Angeles County's Gateway Cities.
The city has a 2010 census population of 16,522.
Artesia is surrounded on the west, south, and east sides by Cerritos, with Norwalk to the north.

C(NTAAL
El West
Monterey Monte Covina
Los Park
Angeles
v SOUth
El Monte

•
@) @
0
ijj East @ C1ty
Los Montebello of
Angele @ Indust
Comme 19 ry
s Haciend
lt
.SOUTH LOI rce a
A HG l.U Huntingto Pico
S n Par Whittie Heights Rowla
Rivera r m
Bell La Heigh
woo Habra
south Gardens Height ts
d Santa Fe
Gate SOuth s

Lynwoo
Downe
y
Spimgs City of Artesia
d
horn <fo) Bre
e (ft) a
Compto
Garden n Paramou
a nt
Fullerto
(f9)
n
Lakewo

:>rran
ce
Carso
n West
• od
ij Anaheim

Carson
Los Stant AN AHl
Alamitos on M

18
 Low Density Residential

High Density Residential

Light industrial

Institutional
Open Space Vacant

19
2.4.2 RESIDENTIAL

According to Table H215, the majority of housing units (approximately 69.2 percent) in the City of Artesia were Single­family,
detached in 2000. This number increased to 72.1 percent in 2011. The number of single-family, attached units also increased from
2000 to 2011.

A vacancy rate between four and six is considered "healthy." As shown in Table H2-19, 3.4 percent of Artesia's housing units were
vacant in 2012. This vacancy rate is lower than Los Angeles County 's vacancy rate of 5.9 percent in 2012

The 2000 US Census reported the average household size for Artesia was 3.54 persons per household. Persons per household
decreased to 3.51 persons in 2010 and increased again to 3.52 persons per household by 2011. This trend was similar for the entire
County, which averaged 3.12 persons per household in 2000 and decreased to 2.99 by 2011. The larger household size in the City
indicates both a need for larger housing units and a potential for overcrowding when larger units are not available at monthly costs
affordable to the residents.

20
 'll f!!l•H .oll V

1 [•l • • 1 L· •1n 1·.11 ·• A:.-ru J , ·- •r1n 65 yea rs and Unde r 5 yea r :

over:, 5%
Ho1.1si ng TVPe 2000 % of Total 2011 % of Total
11.6%
Si 11Jqle Family, detached 3,18A 69.2% 3,359 72. 1 %
Si 11Jgle Family, attached 329 7.2% 367 8.3%
Multi -Fami ly 969 2 1.5% 856 ·18..4%
Mobile-homes 96 2.1% 55 11 .2% 55 to 64 :
Other (13oats, RV, !Etc) 0 0.0% 0 CW% 12.5%
Total Housing 4,598 100% 4,657 100%
S.O u.-ce: US Census 2000 SIF3 H30, Arnenca n Commun ity S.urvey 2007-2011 DIP04_
Notes: Pe centuqes may 11ot equal ·100'% due to .-oundinq_

17-4%
Units 11.2%

A,539 96.6%
162 3 ...4%

4,701 100%

TOTAL POPULATION
2000 2010 2011 16,874
Artesia 3.5A 3...51 3.52
Los Angeles County 3.12 2 ..98 2.99

21
Conclusion

• Size and Housing: Artesia is over four times larger in area than Zanko 1 and has 59% more houses.

• Population and Demographics: While Artesia has a slightly larger total population (15% more), Zanko 1 has a much
higher proportion of children compared to adults. Artesia has more men and women, with women outnumbering men in
both locations.

• Unique Features: Zanko l 's standout characteristic is its significant child population, while Artesia demonstrates a more
balanced demographic spread and greater housing capacity.

This comparison highlights Zanko l 's emphasis on family-oriented demographics and Artesia's larger urban scale and
population diversity.

22
 Chapter :3
DATA
COLLECTION

23
3.1 Land use map

This sector is zanko 1, which consists of residential, religious, commercial, education,administration,green aea, health ,
street network and empty space....etc.
Firstly residential makes up 43% of the whole that has many features according to sizes , for example,
100m,200,150m,300m, 125m having different levels of flooring. The houses were studied according to age which is separated to
three categories and that is old, middle,new age. In general the number of houses were 2922 houses which has a household average of
6.

Secondly, religious building makes up I % of the whole sector. There are two mosques in zanko I that are located in different
locations.

There is an islamic hall next to one of the mosques that is used for gathering for funeral situations.

Thirldly, commercial makes up 7% of the sector. Commercial building are distributed randomly throughout the sector.
It is made up of market, motels, plantation, barber, salons, butchery, filling station . . . .etc

24
 Moreover; education is 3% of the sector. The sector consists of five educational building ditributed equally among the sector.
The sector lacked nursery and intermediate school.

In addition; administration makes up I% of the sector. Zanko I has only two adminstration buildings

Green area is 9% of the sector, which consists of playfields and parks lacking playground.

Health is 2% of the sector, that has hopitals and centers in it, most importantly a rehabilation center

Street network is 28% of the sector,which consists of arterial, collector and local roads, and they don 't go into the category of
standards.

Finally, empty space is 4% which consists of vacant land which can be later used by planner for design.

25
Residential port field
Religious

Empty Space Educational Commercial

Government Green area Health
Q Street
- Area:

Scale 1:10000

26
3.2 PHYSICAL PLANNING

3.2.1 RESIDENTIAL ZONING

The number of dwellings were 2922 that was made up of 102 blocks, 992 units were 200m, and 1072 units were 300m. 46 unit were
under construction. Under construction meaning some were newly being built, some were half done others were left unfinished
later to be finished.92 units were vacant land later being used by planners for redesign. The total area of residential is 44.13
hectares which makes up 43% of the sector.

There are four house types which are l OOm, 150m, 200m, and 300m. Starting from l OOm houses were 1,183 in number and l
18,300m in area, 150m houses were 1,068 in number and 160,200m in area, in addition; 200m houses were 385 in number and
77,OOOm in area. Finally, 300m houses were 286 in number and 85,800m in area. The total is 2,922 houses and 44 l ,300m.

Some houses were isolated from the rest and put in a village that is zanko village. The houses in the village were 106 in
number and were mostly 300m only 2 houses being two floors and the rest being one floor.

There were some houses in the sector that were illegally built, for example, the houses that are located behind zanko hospital are
facing opposite to each other.

27
Most of the houses don 't have a sidewalk in front of it , having a road in front of it directly. There are three types of houses detached,
semi-detached, and row house(2 detached,104 semidetached, 2,816 row house), moreover; the detached and semidetached
houses being located in zanko village which makes up 4% of the residential. 96% row house were spread throughout the
sector.

Different materials were used for the houses that were plastering, stone ,marble ,flina ,and brick. To be more precise, 1608 houses
were plastering which is 55% of the whole, 841 houses were stone which is 28% of the whole, 458 houses were made of marble
which makes up 15%, 13 houses were flina which makes up 1% being the least together with the brick being 7 in number and 1%.

Age of houses were determined by the materials that were used and how long it has been built. Modern age (2015-present) houses
makes up 16%, middle age(2007-2015) houses makes up 29%, and old age(1990-2007) makes up 55% which was the most.
 Resid
ential
43%

Residen
tiaJ
Scale 1: 10000

Total
29 area
57%
3.2.2 Commercial Zoning

Commercial buildings were distributed randomly on the sector.

It is made up of restaurant , local market , gas station , plantation ,electrician & painters, butcher shop ,cafeterias, tea office house,
car service, youth center . . . . . . .etc.
Total area of all of the commercial buildings is 6.7449 hectares which takes up 7% of the whole sector. The edge of some of the
blocks were made to commercial buildings.

30
 Commercia
l
7% Area: 7•9 lie

ConunerciaJ
Scale 1:10000
Total area
94°/n

31
3.2.3 Educational Zoning

This part of zoning has fife primary school and one kindergarten in addition two institute.
Firstly, Sakar is the only kindergarten available in the sector which has an area of 3,213m.there is no intermediate school and high
school.
Secondly ,there are six primary schools by the names of Astera{5,256m} , Sava {l,800m}, Dli Kurdistan {7,492m} , Zanko
{2,098m} and Gazang {5,506m}.
The primary school together with the secondary school are merged together in a school and are separated by part time {day time
and afternoon
The total area of all educational building is 3.3174 hectares, which make up 3% of the whole sector.

tud No. Of Girls • o. Of Bo Area

Edu atiou
111
227 4y1· :SJ I Sy1 :68 4y1 :47 I Syrs:S9 3,213 m'

87 197 195 5,256 m'

45 200 25 1,800m'

398 278 7,492 m'

120

Zaako Primary Sc.hool 2 248 9,298 rn'

330

6 Gazang Prlma1")·St'bool 310 9 220 5,506 m'

32
 Education
3%

Total Area: -ll 74

tar
area h
97% e
Education
S cale 1 :1OOOO
33
3.2.4 Health Zoning

Zanko one sector has two main hospitals and one center.

The hospitals are zanko hospital {7,167m in area} and hawar hospital {7,187m in area}. Hawar hospital and
Zanko hospital are private.
Hawar hospital located on 1OOm road and Zanko hospital located on ronaki road.
The total area that makes up all the hospitals and centers is 1.7354 hectares and makes up 2% of the sector.

34
 Healt
h
2%

Total
area HEAL
98%
TH
Scale 1 :
35
10000
3.2.5 Administration zoning

The sector has two governmental buildings that are environmental preservation building and tappo 2 building. Environmental
preservation building has an area of 300m and tapoo 2 has an area of 6700m. the total area of both buildings is 0.7 hectares which
makes up I% of the sector.

36
 Governmen
t
1%

Total
area Government
99%
Scale
37
1:10000
3.2.6 Religious zoning

Religious building makes up 1% of the whole sector. There are two mosques in zanko 1 that are located in different locations. There
is an islamic hall next to one of the mosques that is used for gathering for funeral ceremonies.

One of the mosques is Hamed syan mosque that has an area of 5,618m, and the other mosque is Abdul Karim Mudaris has an area of
2,483m.

The total area of both mosques is 0.9125 hectares which makes up 1% of the sector.

38
 Religious
1%

Total area
99%

Religious

39
Scale
1:10000
3.2.7 Environment
The orientation of the sun doesn't have affect to all the house directly, only half of the houses benefit from the sun
orientation. 505 houses faces north, 507 houses faces south, 524 houses faces west and 524 houses faces east.

Ill North
/
Ill South
,,,
--
Ill

•
East

,,. West

40
3.2.8 Physical
problem

the architecture sector often encounters various physical problems that can impact the design, construction, and usability of
buildings. Here are some common issues :

I.There are no apartments.

2.There are a lot of houses in one continuous row. 3.Using residential
buildings as commercial building. 4.The sector was unserved in terms
of cleanliness.
5.There are no trees in front of houses
6.We have houses facing opposite of each other in one row.
7.Narrow Streets.
8.There is no main gate There are random gates to enter the sector.
9.The electrical switches were very close together.

41
3.2.9 STREET NETWORK

A street network is a system of interconnecting lines and points (called edges and nodes in network science) that represent a
system of streets or roads for a given area There is only three types of street in Zanko 1 There are no cul-de­sacs. The streets
organized randomly. The following table is the street width and length of Zanko 1 sector. Takes about 28% of the total area.
The streets are grid in pattern , but because of their angles they aren 't perfectly grid.

Width Length Area mnber

1,254 m 7,524 m2 21
Street
Network Ratio
723 m 5,784 m" 5 28%

15,672 m 15,670 m 2
65

1,171 m 14,052 m 2
4
Total area
59,295 m2 8 71%
15,672 m

3,953 m 48,760 m2 5

Result 25,211m 292,135 m 2

108

42
Street Details :

Roadway
Roa d wa y

Section of 8m street. Section of 12m street

43
Street Junctions
Definition of cross street: a street intersecting a main thoroughfare especially at right angles and continuous on both sides of it -
compare side street.

Types of ju nction: Types of ju nction in Zanko 1.

+
1. A three-way intersection is a junction between three road segments (arms): Rectiline r ju n tion 2

X. junction when two arms form one road.

T
-ju nction 84
Y. junction - the latter also known as a fork if approached from the stem of the Y.
Off et ju n tion 15

+ Y-ju n tion 3

y
_{
_

r
Angle ju nction 7

44
 Arter ial Road
(20m)

Collector Road
(15m-20m)

Local roa d (6m-

12 m)
45
3.4 Inference structure :

We mention only transportation and electricity because theres only 2 inference structure that we found and see about to analysis.

3.4.1 Transportation

Land transport covers all land-based transportation systems that provide for the movement of the people, goods and
services.
Land transport plays a vital role in linking communities to each other .land transport is a key factor in urban planning .it
consist of two kinds rail and road

Types of land transportation:

1. Railway
2.Taxi
3.Private car
4.Bus station

46
 Bus transportation

Bus Route goes through Runaki Street

Enters the sector in Sanger Restaurant
Entrance.

47
Bus
Route
Scale 1:10000
3.4.2 Electricity

There are two types of electricity in the sector. Government electricity which provides 16 hour. The other one is public
generators provides an average 4A to commercial buildings and residents

Gener
48 ators
Sca le 1:10000
3.5 Open Space

3.5. 1Sportfield zoning

The sector has two sportfields and has 13,583m and 3,320m respectively.

The 13,583m sportfield includes 12 players and the 3,320 m sportfield inludes 6
players.
The total area for both sportfields is 1.6903 hectares which makes up 2% of the
whole sector.
In addition to the sportfields the sector has three gyms

Sport field
2%

Total Sport field

area
98%

Scale 1:10000
49
3.5.2Green area zoning

The green area consists of public parks, and private gardens made by residents. The total area of all the green areas is 9.1128
hectares which makes up 8% of the whole sector.

A
ea
'1 . mm
9,674 2
2

o
1.
2
1m
,2

mm
6.614

.506
5,310 m2

.62 m

10 4,872 m2

1 4 ,6
1 Green area
m 9%

91.128
1. 68 m
m2
Total
area
92% - Green a rea
50
Scale 1:10000
6. Social study
• The total population expectancy of the sector we calculated is 16,911.
• The number of residents in each age group are according to the 120 families that we asked.
• The total people were 463, we divided it by number of families 120 , multiply by number of houses 2922 The total population
is 16,911 and household average is 6.
• Information were got from the community leader, census department, and police. The results for the number of population
were 16,911 by visual observation, 13,500 by community leader, 19,025(expected) by census department, and 17,000 by the
police
16,911

Pop. Future= pop. Present( 1+I)n

= 16911( 1+0.3)10
= 22, 727

2,818

51
3 .6. 1 Data collection on population by asking 120 families

number area n.familv n.bovs n.eirl father job mother job kids job father age mother age
kids age

I
1 300 6 3 1 em p l oyee teache r 4 student 54 53 9,12,18,22
2 150 8 1 5 teacher teache r 6 student 54 47 8,9,11,17,19,2 1
3 200 6 - 4 ret i red - 2 student 2 worker 63 - 18,22,27,30
4 100 5 2 1 engi nee r ho usewife 3 student 43 43 7,10,17
5 200 4 2 - - ret i red 2 wo r ke r - 62 28,43
6 200 5 2 1 - ho usewife 1doctor , 2 teacher - 55 28,30, 33
7 150 8 3 3 d river ho usewife 6 student 49 46 6.8,13,17,20,2 1
8 350 10 3 5 worker ho usewife 5 student 3 ba by 47 39 2 m onth,3,4,7, 12,17
9 150 5 2 1 worker ho usewife 3 student 40 35 6,12,17
10 200 6 2 2 engi nee r teacher 2 student, en,gi n er , lawyer, 56 57 23,25,29,31
11 350 7 1 4 lawye r lawye r 3 student , doctor , engi nee r, 60 59 17,20,22,29,33
12 300 5 1 2 engi nee r a ccou n tant 3 student 58 50 7,18,22
13 100 5 3 - worker ho usewife 3 student 50 35 9,11,13
14 150 7 3 2 - ho usewife 3 student, 2 worker, - 65 20, 2 2, 25, 29, 30
15 200 4 - 2 worke r ho usewife 2 student 37 33 7,12
16 100 3 - 1 t rade r ho usewife 1student 30 29 6
17 100 4 1 1 engi nee r teache r 2 student 41 39 10,15
18 300 6 1 3 u n i . Teacher teache r 2 student ,2 ba by 34 33 2,3,6, 10
19 200 7 4 1 engi nee r teache r 5 student 55 46 6, 9, 12, 18,22
20 300 9 4 3 worker ho usewife 5 student , 2 ba by 51 43 6, 7, 10, 2 1, 24
120 38 42 17 60 student 7 baby
19
6 worker, 2 engineer, 1 lawyer
2 doctor, 2 teacher

52
 21 200 6 2 2 d octor accou n tant 3 student 1 ba by 43 40 3,,8,10, 15
22 150 5 2 1 worker ho u sewife 3 student 57 53 15,20,24
23 150 7 2 3 em p loyee teache r 3 student, 2 worke r 61 55 13,17,,22,25,29
24 200 4 2 mc:iaw l h ousewife 2 student 43 40 14,18
25 300 8 3 3 engi nee r ho u sewife 4 student, 2 worke r 49 48 8,10,11,13, 19,22
26 200 3 - 1 worker ho u sewife 1 student 26 26 6
27 100 3 1 teache r lawye r 1 ba by 27 25 2
28 150 4 1 1 d octor d octor 2 ba by 30 29 2,4
29 100 5 1 2 accou ntant n u rse 2 ba by 1student 31 30 2 month,4,6
30 200 4 1 1 teache r teache r doctor, teache r 74 71 49_27
31 300 6 1 3 trader d octor 4 student 45 44 6,8,10,19
32 200 6 3 1 trade r h ousewife 4 student 42 38 6,8, 12,17,22
33 300 9 4 3 teacher teache r 1 ba by 5 student 1 l awyer 53 49 5,6,9, 12,18,22
34 100 3 - 1 engi nee r teache r 1 student 34 34 6
35 150 5 2 1 teacher ho u sewife 3 student 37 35 7,9,13
36 100 6 1 3 worker teache r 3 student, 1baby 37 37 5,8,12,18
37 350 10 3 5 d river ho u sewife 7 student 1 nu rse 47 45 6,7,9, 10,13,15,18,25
38 150 5 3 em p loyee ho u sewife 3 student 50 35 11,13,16
39 300 5 1 2 engi nee r accou n tant 3 student 58 50 18,22,24
40 100 5 2 1 worker ho u sewife lba by 2 stud ent 40 35 5,8,12
109 35 34 20 52 students 9 baby
20
4 worker, 1 lawyer
1 teacher
1 doctor 1 nurse

53
 41 350 7 1 4 lawyer lawyer ldoctor 1lawyer, 1 engineer, 2 student 60 59 21,23,27,29,32

42 200 4 1 1 tea cher housewife 1engineer , 1lawyer, 56 57 25,29

43 150 8 2 4 emp l oyee housewife 2 wo r ker, 4 student 57 49 10,12,18,20,25,27
100 2 - - teacher tea cher 37 32 -
44
45 200 7 4 1 tea cher housewife 2 teacher, 3 stud ent 50 45 15,18,23,26
46 300 6 3 1 doctor doctor 1baby 3 student 45 45 5,8, 10, 20
150 4 2 - emp l oyee em p loyee 2 stude nt 39 39 16,22
47
48 150 6 2 2 teacher tea cher enginee r, 1 teacher, 2 student 61 59 21,22,34,37
49 150 5 1 2 wo rker housewife 2 wo r ker, 1student 62 47 22,32,35,
50 150 7 3 2 emp loyee housewife 2 teacher, 3 stud ent 58 62 21,22,24,25,29
51 150 5 1 2 gua rd housewife 1teacher, 2 stud ent 50 56 16,18,20
52 150 5 2 1 reti erd retired 3 teacher 54 64 31,35,39
53 100 6 2 2 worker housewife 2 baby 2 stu dent 50 45 4,5,8,11
54 200 6 1 3 worker em p loyee 2 wo r ker, 2 doctor 60 67 35,36,39,40
55 200 5 2 1 wo rke r enginee r 1wo r ker, 2 student 48 47 18,22,37
- -
56 300 7 3 2 housewife 4 stude nt 1n u rse 55 10,13,16,20,27
57 150 3 - 1 worker housewife 1baby 23 22 3
58 150 7 1 4 worker housewife 4 stude nt, 1worke r 42 44 11,14,17,19, 23
59 150 6 3 1 wo rker housewife 1babvt 3 student 37 37 5,9,11,13
60 100 4 1 1 tea cher housewife 2 stude nt 32 30 9,10
110 35 35 19 39 stud ent 5 ba by
20
3 doctor, 2 lawyer, 3 engi neer
8 wo rke r, 9 teach er 1 n u rse

54
 100 4 3 1 - r_eti<>rn 3 WC[ke[, - 53 25,27,30
61
62 150 7 5 2 - housewife 3 stud ent,3 worker, - 43 9,12,16,20,30,35
63 150 4 2 2 doctor housewife 2 s!ud e!lt 43 41 11,17
64 200 4 2 2 worker housewif e 2 s!ud e!lt 50 45 12,17
6S 100 6 2 4 work er housewif e 1doctor,3 student 55 52 19,22,35
6'6 100 3 2 1 ret:i<>r.-1 reti<>r.-l 1.st !ldent 50 45 19,25
I

67 300 7 3 4 ' '"" housewif e 1stud ent 4worker 55 47 14,20,25,30

68 150 4 2 2 wo rker housewif e 2.st!ldent 48 45 9,14
69' 150 4 1 3 wo rker housewife 2teacher 50 47 20,35
70 100 5 2 3 · teeher 1stud ent, 2worker, 60 59 21,26,28,30
1 I

71 100 4 2 2 worker housewif e 2 stud eut 36 35 11,12

72 260 5 2 3 teacher teacher 1stud ent, doctor, teacher 61 55 20,27,35
73 300 9 4 5 work er housewif e 3 teacher 1 60 48 3, ,18,21,23,24,25, 27 .30
ba by,5student, 1wor ker
74 150 8 5 1 wo rk er housewife 5 stud ent 1ba by 59 45 5,8,10, 14,18,22
75 150 8 2 4 r_eti<>r.J housewif e 6 stud eu:li: 57 50 10,13, 15,18,20,24
716 300 7 4 3 - housewif e 1eng ii neer, 2 teache 1r 2 - 60 20,23,25,27,30,33,37
student 1worker
77 150 4 2 2 engin eer mana!!er 2 stud ent 58 50 22 23
78 150 6 4 2 teacher employee 1 1doctor, 2 65 61 20,24,35
::i!'Lldleat

79 170 3 1 2 wo rker housewif e 1stud ent 30 26 6

80 150 9 3 4 worker employee 2 wo 1rker, 5 student 50 51 10,13,.1L19....22,25,27
111 53 52 55 student 3baby

16
s tiil;n:biilc
3doctor
2 eni=:ineer

55
 81 200 12 6 4 r<>ti<>rn r<>ti<>rrl 2 worker-, teacher, 7 55 53 6,8,10,13,15,18,20,25,27,30
stL1deat
82 150 8 3 3 driver housewife 41 studeu:I:. 2 hahli: 45 43 3,5,6,9, 12,16
83 100 5 2 1 engin eer housewife 2 stent 1baby 43 41 5, 11,17
84 200 4 2 - worke r r<>ti<>rrl 2 wmk.e.c: 60 60 32,33
85 200 4 1 1 worke r housewife 1worker- 1studernt 55 52 22,35
- 4 retierd - -
86 200 6 1kdbv.ma l , 3 studernt 50 9,15,19,26
87 300 6 3 1 P m DJOVVf' teadh e,r 3 stud enl: 1babv 55 47 4,6,8,14
88 150 8 1 5 teacher teacher 41 stud ent 2 baby 48 415 3,,5,9,14, 18,20
89' 150 3 - 1 worke r housewife 1ba bv 27 25 4 mont lhte,s
1stud ent, 2 teacher-, 1
90 100 8 3 3 em r>Jovve housewife n u rse, 2 kchvm,al 60 59 21,26,28,30,45,37
91 100 4 2 - worker housewife 2 studen:I: 36 35 11,12
9'2 250 5 3 - worke r teach er 1stud ent, doctor, tecber: 61 55 20,27,29
3 teacher 1
.
9'3 300 12 6 4 housewiife ba by,5student, 1m,1rs,e 60 418 4,8,13,18,21,23,24,25, 27.30
94 150 8 5 1 worker housew iife 5 stud ent 1babv 59 45 5,8,10,14,18,22
95 150 8 2 4 rel:ie..-d housewife 6 studen:I: 57 50 10,13, 15,18,20,24
1e11gi nee1r, 3 teache1r 2
916 300 9 41 3 - ho usewiife st u dent 1worker - 60 20,23,25,27,30,33,37
9,7 150 4 2 - engin eer manager 58 50 22 23
2 studeu:I:
98 100 6 4 - - em ployee 1s:,Q.gj Qt:, 1doctor, 2 - 61 20,24,35,39
stL1deat
99 150 3 1 - worke r housewiife 1stud ent 30 26 6
100 150 9 3 4 worke r housewiife 2 worker-, 5 stude11t 50 51 10,13,.J.L19....22 ,25,27

132 53 39 18 19 56 student t 9 baby

S wg[ke[
10 teaicb'1:[
3 kchvmal
2 ,. 2 nurse

56
 101 100 5 3 2 retired 3 worker, - 53 25,27,30,35
102 250 9 5 4 retiired housewife 3 student,4 worker, SS 53 9,12, 16,20,30,35
103 100 5 2 3 doctor tead1e,r 3 student 43 41 11,17, 19
104 250 10 4 6 worker housewife 2 student,4 worker 50 45 12,17, 19,22,28
105 100 6 2 4 worker housewiife 1doctor,3 stude11t 55 52 19,22,35
106 150 5 4 1 retired retired 1st1.1dent ,2worke,r 55 50 19,25,29
107 300 7 3 4 tead'le,r housewiife 1student 4worker 55 47 14,20,25,30
108 150 4 2 2 worker housewife 2st1.1 dent 48 45 9,14
109 150 5 2 3 worker housewiife 2tea d1er, 1student 50 47 20,35
110 100 7 4 3 em ployee tead1e,r 2 student, 2worker, 60 59 21,26,28,30
111 100 4 2 2 worker housewife 2 student 36 35 11,12
112 250 3 1 2 teacliie,r teadfi e,r 1student 61 55 19,20
113 350 12 5 7 worker housewife 3 teacher 2 60 57 3, ,18,21,23,24,25, 27 .30
ba by,4stud ent, 1worker
114 160 7 5 2 worker housewife 4 student 1 baby 59 45 5, 14,18,22

us 150 8 2 4 retired housewife 6 student 57 50 10,13, 15,18,20,24

116 300 6 4 2 - engineer 1eng1ineer,1 teaclfl e,r 2 student - 60 20,23,25,27,30,33,37
1 worker
117 150 4 2 2 e11gineer engineer 2 student 58 50 22-23
118 150 5 3 2 teacliie,r tead1e,r 1engii neer, 1doctor,1 student 50 45 18,20,24,35

119 100 4 1 2 worker tead1e,r 1student,1baby 30 26 6

120 150 9 3 4 worker em ployee 2 worker, 5 student 50 51 10,13, 17,19,,22,25,27
125 57 65 42student 2baby

27worker
6 teacher
!doctor
2 engineer

57
3.6.2 population :

1. Population Gl'Oup 2. Ethnicity

14375

11,359

2 829
2536

Kurdish Arabic

58
 3. Age group

299 18yrs-25yrs
26%
5
142 131
4 5
804

15-18yrs

" "
..
, ,. ,. 8%
'"
"
" ,. "
..,.
';- 7'
" ,.
,
)(
I'\;
' ...' ' .,,,
o{
'
l<:
Q:f
,,
. .,
"S
cf.
"';
%20
9-12yrs
12%
"
° ' ,.,.f . ,

"
(

59
 Analayzing and calculating datas:

families no. no. no. girl Children Parents

people boy
120 626 269 268 type number Jobs male female
student 306 employee 8 3
engineer 11 teacher 14 29
teacher 44 retired 5 4
doctor 12 engineer 10 1
baby 33 baby 13 20
worker 57 driver 3 -
home girl 6 worker 57 -
lawyer 4 lawyer 2 2
nurse 6 trader 3 -
employee 11 uni. Teacher 1 -
Total 490 housewife - 32
accountant 1 3
doctor 5 7
nurse - 6
guard 2 -
manager 1 2

Total 120 120

Total exclude Deaths 74 78

60
Calculation of age groups:

age grou p tota l No. family Ratio No. houses Total population

30 d - 3 yrs 6 120 0.075 2922 219

3 y rs - 6 y rs 22 120 0.275 2922 803

6 y rs - 9 y rs 36 120 0.45 2922 1314

9 y rs - 12 y rs 36 120 0.45 2922 1314

12- 15 y rs 30 120 0.375 2922 1095

15- 18 y rs 24 120 0.3 2922 876

18 - 25 yrs 82 120 1.025 2922 2995

25 - 30 yrs 36 120 0.45 2922 1314

30 y rs 39 120 0.4875 2922 1424

Total 311 120 2922 11359

No . Ma e Female N o. hou se ra tio of m ale ratio of f emale Total Male Total Fema l e Total
fa m ily
120 230 396 2922 0.925 0.975 2702 2848 5551

Tota l of popu lation 16911

N u mber of houses 2922
Person in each fa m ily 6
Num ber of f amil ies 2818

61
 Conclusion

In conclusion, the analysis of the sector reveals a diverse range of building types and functions. With a total of 2,922

houses categorized by age, the residential area is predominantly older structures. Religious buildings, commercial

spaces, and educational facilities each occupy a small percentage of the sector, while green areas and health facilities

are also limited. The street network, making up 28% of the sector, does not meet standard requirements, indicating a

need for improvement. Additionally, the presence of 4% empty space presents opportunities for future development

and planning. Overall, the sector's layout reflects a need for better organization and resource allocation to enhance

community living.

62
 Cha pter : 4
FINDING A ND CONCLUSIO
N

63
1. Block structure

There Are Two Types Of Building:

4.4.1Facilities

A. Nursery
B. Kindergarten
C. School
D. Clinical centre
E. Super market
F. Fitness
G. Mosque

4.4.2 Residential Buildings.

-different types of houses

64
1. Facilities

1. Commercial

Most commercial building are on runaki and 1OOm road. There is a dedicated area only for plantation.
Total Area for commercial use: 6.7449 hectares

Some examples of commercial building in Zanko 1:

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS

No. No.

Mar kets 47 Mobile Shop 5

Real-estat e of f ice 19 Phar macy 9

Motel 29 Bakery 6

Hotel 3 Salon 18

Barber 12 Ta ilor - I roner 2

Restauran t 17 shopping shop 39

Ca f e 5 W orkshop 9

Copy cen ter 8 Gym 2

Plan tation 16 Oil Ch anger / Ca r w ash 1

-Commercial

65
Standard area and planned area for commercial buildings:

Facilities Existi ng a rea Genera l sta nda rd Pla n ned 2023 2030 NO. people 2024to 2030 Shortage 2024 to find ing
2030

Loca I ma rket 4.700 13,1317 13,317 to 17,897 12,683 to17,045 -8.617to Out of sta n da rd
-13,197
Tea office house 0 5,023 5,022 to6, 750 5,581to7,500 -5,022to Out of sta n da rd
-6,750
Resta u ra nt 1,700 5,023 3,349 to 4,500 5,581to7,500 -1,649to-2,800 Out of sta n da rd

Ca r servi ce 300 5,023 5,073 to6,818 16,911to22, 727 -4,773to Out of sta n da rd
-6,518
Youth center 0 16,911 16,911to22, 724 4,228 to5,681 -6,911to-22,724 Out of sta n da rd

Fi ll i ng station 3,539 1,352 1,353 tol,818 16.911to 22, 727 +2, 186to Out of sta n da rd
+ 1,721

Recommendation:

According to the data there are shortage in some facilities. More commercial facilities must be built to serve more
population. And some of them doesn't exist like tea office house and youth center.

66
Distance:

RB00.00
18000 Sta
16000 ndard
14000 •Existing (m 2)

12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
Local Tea Restaura Car Youth Fil l i
ng
Marcket Office nt Service Center Station
House

• Pla n ned 2018( m2) 13317 5022 3349 5073 16911 1353

67
2. EDUCATION
Types of educational buildings in Zanko 1: Distance from educational

- Private Schools
- Kindergarten
- Primary and high schools
- Institutes
Total Area dedicated for educational purposes: 3.3174 hectares

R300.0 500.00r
Education Students o. Of Girls No. Of Boys Area 0 r
aku kindergateo 227 4yrs:53 / 5yrs:68 4yrs :47 / 5yrs:59 3,2131112

387 197 195 5,256 1112

2 Astern p1imal)· School

Sava Primary School 450 200 250 1,800111'

3

398 278 7,492 111'

4 Dli Kurdistan Pnmary school 120

5 Zaoko Primary School 330 82 248 9,298111'

6 GazaogPrimary School 310 90

220 5,506111'
Sca le 1:10000

68
 • PRIMARY SCHOOL

Facilities Existing area General Planned2024 to No. of Shortage 2024 Finding

standard 2030 students2024 to to2030
2030
Primary schoo 29,352 28,668 38,668to 2,630 to +668 to Out of standard
l 70,700 3,535

- The sector has 5 Primary Schools.

- 23% of the population (6years - 12years) needs Primary School.

- There is 23,248m2 Shortage.

- The standard plot area for one student is 18-23m 2 .

RECOMMENDATION:

-Since we have five primary school we extend the existing Primary schools to
meet shortage.
-Maximum SOOm From Dwelling To facility.

2 Prima ry school

69
 • INTERMEDIAT SCHOOL

Facil ities Existing a rea General standa Plan ned 2024 to No. of Shortage 2024 Fi ndi ng
rd 2030 students2024 to to2030
2030
I ntermed iate 29,352 29,171 25,208to 1,096 to +4,144 to Ou t of sta n d a
school 33,879 1,473 +4,527 rd

- The sector has 5 intermediate schools

- 20% of the population (12years - 15years) needs intermediate School.

- There is no shortage.

- The standard plot area for one student is 21-26m 2

.

RECOMMENDATION

-The Planned Area for intermediate school is more than existing area.

-We can reduce it to make place for other facilities.

-Maximum SOOm From Dwelling To facility

Intermediate School

Scale 1:10000
70
 • Secondary
school
Faci l ities Existi ng a rea General standa rd P l an ned2024 to No. of students2024 Shortage 2024 Fi ndi ng
2030 to 2030 to2030

seconda ry school 0 23,337 20,401to 877 to 1,179 -20, 401 to - Out of sta nda rd
27,117 27,117

- The sector has no Secondary School.

- 8% of the population (15years - 18years) needs secondary school.

- There is 20,401m2 Shortage.

- The standard plot area for one student is 21-26m 2 .

RECOMMENDATION:

- We recommend that more than 2 secondary schools must be built.

- Must be in different Places to minimize distance.

- Maximum 800m From Dwelling To facility.

Recommended place
for secondery
school
71 Scale 1:10000
• N
URSERY
Faci l ities Existing a rea General standa Pla n ned2024 to No. of Shortage 2024 Fi nd i ng
rd 2030 students2024 to to2030
2030
N 1 rsery 0 101,466 10,950to 219 to 294 -10, 950 to Out of standa rd
u 14,700 - 14,700

The sector has no nursery.

2% of the population (30days - 3years) needs nursery. There is

10,950m2 Shortage.

The standard plot area for one student is 50m 2 .

RECOMMENDATION:

We recommend that 2 nurseries must be built.

Must be in different places to minimize distance for residents.

Maximum distance 300m.

• Recommended place

• Education

72
Sca le
• KINDERGARDTEN

Facil ities Existing a Genera l standa Plan ned2024 to No . of Shortage 2024 Fi ndi ng
rea rd 2030 students2024 to2030
to 2030
Ki n der ga rden 3,213 59,188 40,200to 804to 1,081 -36, 987 to Out of sta n da
54,050 -50,837 rd

- The sector has 1Kindergarten.

- 7% of the population (3years - 6years) needs kindergarten.

There is 36,987m2 Shortage.

- The standard plot area for one student is 50m 2 .

RECOMMENDATION:

We recommend that 2 Kindergartens must be built.

-Must be in two different Places to minimize distance.

-Maximum 300m From Dwelling To facility

• Reco

nded p1ace

1 kinderga r ten
 3.Health
Heath facilities:

Kurdistan Rehabilitation Center :3000 m 2

_ Zanko hospital : 7167 m 2
_ Howar hospital : 7,187 m2

Total area for health : 1 .7354 hectares .

Total
area
98%
•Recommended Place

II HEALTH

7
4
 Recommendation for Health facilities in zanko 1:

Faci l ities Existi ng a rea Genera l Plan ned 2024 No. of Shortage 2024 Fi ndi ng
standa rd to 2030 students2024 to to2030
2030
H ea lt h center 17,354 59,188 59,188to 16,911to -41, 834 to Out of standa
79,545 22,727 -62,191 rd

- The sector has 2 hospitals.

health distance for residents:
- It is For all inhabitants.

- There is 41,834m2 Shortage.

- The standard plot area for one person is 3.Sm 2 .

Recommendation: 800.00m

- We need more hospitals to serve the whole population.

- Must be in different Places to minimize distance.

Maximum 800m From Dwelling To facility

Scale 1:10000

75
 4. RELIGIOUS

Mosques in Zanko 1:

1. Hamed syan mosque: 5,618 m2

2. AbdulK arim Mudaris: 2,483 m2

Total Area : 0.9125 hectares

Religious
1%

Total
area
99%

76
IIReligious
Scale 1:10000
 MOSQU
E
Faci l ities Existi ng area General Pla n ned2024 No. of Shortage 2024 Fi nd i ng
standa rd to 2030 students2024 to to2030
2030
Mosq ue 9,125 15,854 15,854to 12,683to -6, 729 to Out of standa
21,306 17,045 12,011 rd

- The sector has 2 mosque.

- 90% of the population are Muslims Mosque Distance from:
- There is 6,729m2 Shortage.
- The standard plot area for one person is l .25m 2 .

R800.00
RECOMMENDATION:

- We recommend that 1more mosque must

be built.
Must be in different Places to minimize distance for the residents. R800.0

- (Maximum 800m From Dwelling To facility).

77
 S. GOVER
NMENT

Government facilities:
1. Environmen tal Preserva tion: 300 m 2

2. Tappo 2: 6,700 m 2
Total Area: 0.7 hecta res

Governmen
t
1%

Total area
99% Recommended
II place
Government

7 Scale 1:10000
8
Recommendation for Government facilities in zanko 1:

Faci l ities Existi ng area General standa Pla n ned 2024 to No. of Shortage 2024 Fi nd i ng
rd 2030 students2024 to to2030
2030
Post office 0 1183 1,184to 1,591 1,184to - 1184 to Out of standa
22,727 - 1,591 rd
Pol ice station 0 1691 16,911to22,273 16,911to - 16,911to Out of standa
22,727 ,-22,727 rd

Standards for Government Buildim?:s:

- The sector has no government service. Facility Number ol pcnoo 10 be Plo1 att:a -tn m RdAtcd to Tocal Uoor ata MaXllllUm diUM ·
......·eel-per 0 To I population (in m ulh.) from
Childttn IO be clwdlin to
tocal popubtion
- It is for all inhabitants 'ICl'\i:d facility
(inm)

- There is 18,905m2 Shortage. Local W':lllOO 169 10 1015 3.38 soo

Post office 169 12 1184 1 soo
- The standard plot area for one person is 1.25m 2 Pohcc swioo 169 11 1691 14 800
.
Fin: bripdc scation, I 169 8 812 2
Fillin2 on \2 169 14 1353 14 1600 \.1
Car service tion \3 169 51 5013 17 1600 \4
RECOMMENDATION: (4-6 staodsl

We recommend that 1post office and 1police Standard

station must be built. 20000

Must be in different Places to minimize distance. 15000

- (Maximum 800m From Dwelling To facility} 10000

5000

0
Post Office Police Station
79
•Existing (m •Standard (m 2) •Planned
 6. Environment issue

1. House Orientation: Poor planning fails to consider Erbil's hot climate, causing uncomfortable living conditions.
The orientation of the sun doesn't have affect to all the house directly, only half of the houses benefit from the sun orientation.
505 houses faces north, 507 houses faces south, 524 houses faces west and 524 houses faces east.
2. Rain and Drainage: Ineffective drainage leads to waterlogging during heavy rains.
3. Pedestrian Areas: Narrow, poorly shaded sidewalks and limited connectivity reduce walkability.
4. Street Design: Streets are vehicle-focused, lacking greenery and shade, increasing urban heat.
5. Green Space:

ANGLE ALTITUDE SUN

Insufficient
PATH OF SUN POSITION OF SUN AT OON
DECEMBER 22 FOR 3!i N L/\TITUDE green spaces
worsen air
OPTIMUM
quality and
amplify heat.
®

HORIZONE
®
PROPER ORENT/\TION PROPER ORENTATION
OF BUILDING OF BUILDING

FIGURE (1) HOT-AR ID ZONE FIGURE (2) HOT-HUMID ZONE

ORIENTATION OF BUILDING
80
Recommendations:

1.Orient houses to maximize ventilation and reduce heat, following Iraq's urban standards. In Iraq the latitude generally accepted N.
for the purposes of orientation of building is 35"
2.The greatest and smallest altitude of the sun within a year, receptivity, is at noon on June 22- 78 30' And the best orientation of
building in this area is 35 east from the south.
3.orientation in the hot town south area): at noon on December 22 -31 30' and the best orientation of building in this area is 15 east
from the south.
4.Improve drainage with permeable surfaces and efficient systems.
5.Expand shaded pedestrian paths and connect them to public spaces.

6.Add street trees and reduce heat-absorbing materials to create a greener, cooler environment.
7.Engage the community in tree-planting and urban greening initiatives like the Million Oaks project.

81
 7. Physical problem

Recommendations: for the points that mention in CH3.

Vertical Development: Encourage the construction of multi-story residential apartments to optimize land use and
accommodate more residents in urban areas.
Cluster Housing: Break continuous rows by introducing cluster housing models, incorporating open spaces or courtyards
between clusters.
Designated Zones: Implement and enforce zoning laws to separate residential and commercial areas while allowing
mixed-use zones where appropriate.
Street Cleaning Infrastructure: Invest in street-cleaning machines and trained personnel.
Buffer Spaces: Introduce green buffers, walkways, or courtyards between houses to improve privacy and aesthetics.
Centralized Gate Plan: Introduce a master plan with designated entry and exit points.
Standardized Electrical Layouts: Follow electrical safety codes and guidelines to maintain a proper distance between
switches and use of under ground cables.

82
 8. Car parking

one family :

standard : I car place per one house

need : 2922 houses * I = 2922 car places

existing: some houses has its own garage

kindergarten:

standard : 0.5 car place per group of children

need : 25 kids in a group * 0.5 = 12 car place

existing : 5 car place

83
primary schools : The sector has 5 Primary Schools

standard : 1 car place per 1 classroom

need : 45 classes for 5 schools * 1 = 45 car place existing:

25 car place

health center :

standard : 3-6 car place per 100 sq.m of area

need : 7167 I 100 = 71.67

72 * 3 = 216 car place

72 * 6 = 432car place existing: 80car place

84
mosque ( church ):

standard: 10 car places for A/m

need : 5,618/200 = 28

28 * 10 = 280 car places existing:

60 car place

SHOPING :

standard : 1-2 car place per 100 sq.m of area for A/m need

: 6700/200 = 33

1*33=33 car places 2*33=66 car places

existing: no pa rkings for the shops

85
 :4.1.2
RESIDENTIAL
- Dwellings
- Num ber of Dwellings:
2922
- Total Block s: 102
Total Block s: 102 200m
Unit: 992
- 3OOm Unit: 1072 Focal point

Under Construction: 46 units

- Only Land: 92 units

Total Residential Area: 44.13 hecta

res Zanko vi ll
age
Resid
ential
43%

8 Total Residential
6 Scale 1:10000
area
57%
RECOMMENDATION FOR RESIDENTIAL UNITS:

Population growth in ten years:

No. Of families: 2,818 No. Of Dwellings:
2922 No. of population: 16911
Pop. Future= pop. Present(l+l}n
No . person in each family :6
= 16911(1+o.3}10
16911/5 = 3382 No. of dwellings we need = 22,727

3382-2922= 460 No. of dwelling that low

Recommendation:

-We have to increase 460 dwellings to make 5 person Pera house according Iraqis standard

-In order to include all facilities in this sector we have to reduce nearly 600 house according Iraqis standards

-Because we can't increase the layout of this sector, we decided to build residential building to solve these problems

87
 - FLOOR AREA RATIO:

Floors
No. of tJoors Are
48 a
88 400 lll2
House
4 644 Floors
334,350 lll2
35 18 550 lll2
5,482 812 50 lll2

- Total No. of floor : 5,482 Floor

- Total Area of fl oors: 812,750 m2

- Floor commercial area: 102,549 m2 1

Floor
- • 2
Total Floor Area: 91.5299 hectares
Floor
• 3&
more
Sca le
Floor Area Ratio For Dwelling - Total Floor .Area - 9O1..B5 1.7 1:10000
Net Residential Area 229 9
49

88
 Solid : 57.5402
hectares
Void: 44.4865
hectares

RAT
Void /a
43
%

So/id
89 -
Scaf e 57% II> Void ind!ties Str.,,t Net"0rk lfifh 292us ha.
1:10000 11> Open Space Except Street Neflf<>t,, 15.2730
ha. 11> Tota/ Area of the se<10r, 102.fl"l67
Hecta,es.
 4.2.l GREEN
AREA

- Public parks

- Private Gardens made

by residents.
Total Area: 91,728 m

Green
area
9%

Total
area
91"

90 II Green
area
 4.2.2 SPORT

- There are 2 sport fields & 3

GYMs
- 1. 13,583 m2
- 2. 3,320 m2

Total Area: 1.6903 hectares.

Sport
Total field
area 2%

9
1
IISport f ield

Scale
1:10000
Recommendation for Open spaces in zanko 1: Distance from Playfield to residents:

Recommende Max.Distance
Open Space Existing Standard Sho1tage Age group users d plot size from Dwellings

Children from 6
Playfield 0 1973m2 -1,973 m' 600 - 900 m' 200 -300 m
up to 11 years

Sport field +18,616 m2 Youth from 11 900 - 1500 m' 500 -800 m
16,903m2 987 m2
up to 18 years

Community +6,573 m' 800 m

91,128m2 84,555m2 For all inhabitants.
Park

Fa ility Age group of users Arca insq.m. per one Reconuncn<kd plot size in Max. distance Aixes
inhabitant o. - 0 lll of a ess from
dwellings/in ml
total field

playfield Children from 6 up to 11 1973 3 600-900 400-600 200-300 crossing v.;th access
years streets allowed
Sport field Youth from 12 up to 18 987 1 900-1500 600-1000 500-800 crossing \v;th collector
years street allowed
Community park for all inhabitants 84,555 800 crossing with collector
and
- - streets allowed
squaresfiu ludin
snort courts/

3 Playfields must be built to meet shortage.

Must be in different to minimize distance. Sca le 1:10000

92
4.6 Data analysis according to standards:
Total inhabitants 16,911
Gross Residential Density = = 165 P/h
102.0267
Gross residential area
16,911
Total inhabitants
Net Residential Density = = 331 P/h
Net Residential 50.9749

No. of dwellings 2922

Accommodati on Density = Total Residential Area = 102.0267 = 28.6 Hectares

Gross Residential Density 165

House Percentage = ----------- 0.498
Net Residential Density 331
Net Residential Area 44.1
Land Use Balance = ------- =- ---= 0.43
Gross Residential Area 50.8749

Built up Area
0.56
Total Area
Total Floor Area 91.5229
Floor A rea Ratio For Dwelling only = = ----- = 1.79
Net Residential Area 50.8749

Existing Standard Finding

Out of Standard
0.43 0.55-0.70

28.6 12-32 According to Standa rd

opulation Gross Density 28.6 80-200 According to Standard

 F dli· •"umbt or n to bt t
td-per CtDt or totaJ
Plot a u-in
m Rebttd to
Ca.xim um
acc:tss disct l
population from dwell.in
s to
total popula tion childttn to bt !cili·
StrTtd (in m)

ery· A B A B A B A B 300
16 85 109
9 50
kinde arttn A B8 A B 8 A B A B 300
J 40-00 105
..------
Prinuiry· cbool -,.95 9 :91 266 500
9 65 5
lnttnntdUtt school 1.268 -5208 6 4 so
o
tcond:ary bool 1,116 l86 -01 491 0
l 0
He hh ctote 16911 59 591 111 80
19 9 6 0
Jo u church For :all - 158 U68 80
11 - 0
4
u1tunl ctnter 51 3 9 lUH 6 0 80
0
Youth cuter 4- s 4_ 169 846 0
2s 1- 0
oruer sbop 12.683 .0. .o 190 .00
boppin Ctnttr 1. 19 . 6.1 2 00
Local m rket 1- 6088
. 105- . 1 50
( q) 683
o small op 4 951 :? 0
951. 9 1 6 .0
- 0
Tu bou st, rerrttbmtot shop 500
s·so 1 1110
6

94 4
Rtsta ur:aot ,cuiuo 8AS6 _ 5 6'\ 800
4.3 CONCLUSION & REFERENCE

We concluded that the average household is five when analyzing the questioners that was answered by the people. According to our
number of population which is 16,911 and dwellings, our project goes into the form of a sector. There are no cul-de sac meaning
dead end roads in the sector, in addition; the roads were mainly T junctions. Moreover, the
percentage of green area is good compared to the total area, and it is far away from south-east houses. Sidewalks were either
missing or very narrow as compared to standards. Similarly, bicycle routes were unavailable. By comparing our sector to similar
examples, we found that our sector lacks many services as compared to standards. For example government services, playfields,
schools mainly lacks intermediate school, streets are formed in grids and its randomly distributed.

95
 5.3 Reference

http://libguides.asu.edu/content.php?pid=225968&sid=1 871515

https://www.ucl.ac.uk/bartlett/planning/programmes/postgraduate/msc-housing-and-city-planning

https://www.ta ndfon Iine.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00320717208711 467? jou rnalCode=c jep 1 9

https://planningcasestudies.org/case-studies-2/

Similar example
http://www.cityofartesia.us/index.aspx?NID=1 12

city planning. (2019). [online] Available at: http://www.cityofartesia.us/index.aspx?NID=112 Jan. [Accessed 14

2019].
https://www.ci.richmond.ea.us/1 01/Planning-and-Building-Services

city planning. (2019). [online] Available at: https://www.ci.richmond.ca.us/101/Planning-and-Building­

Services [Accessed 14 Jan. 2019].

96
 Road
https://www.astm.org/Standards/road-and-paving-standards.html

city planning. (2019). [online] Available at: https://www.astm.org/Standards/road-and-paving­standards.

html [Accessed 14 Jan. 2019].

Physical planning
http://www.taiwan921.lib.ntu.edu.tw/newpdf /wbchap07eng.pdf

city planning. (2019). [online] Available at:

https://www.eiseverywhere.com/file_uploads/4f7b7600ef371bf5e6c7d6fcf193bcf3_ 130525_WSU Presentati
onPuyallup_ 1Slide.pdf [Accessed 14 Jan. 2019].

Street network
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/1 0.1068/b32045

97
 Block structure

http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/bitstream/handle/1 1 295/90805/N jagi The%20urban%20block%20as%20a%20tool% 20for

%20urban%20design%20The%20case%20of%20parklands%2C%20Nairobi.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y

city planning. (2019). [online] Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1068/b32045 [Accessed 14 Jan.

2019].

Infrastructure
https://greensurge.eu/products/planning-governance/UGI Planning Guide Sep 2017 web.pdf

city planning. (2019). [online] Available at:

http://erepository. uonbi.ac.ke/bitstream/handle/11295/90805/Njagi_ The%20u rban%20block%20as%20a% 20tool
%20for%20urban%20design%20The%20case%20of%20parklands%2C%20Nairobi.pdf?sequence=
3&isAllowed=y [Accessed 14 Jan. 2019].

98
 THANK YOU

99