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Matter is defined as anything that occupies space and has mass, existing in three primary states: solid, liquid, and gas, with plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate as additional states. Matter can be classified based on composition into pure substances (elements and compounds) and mixtures (homogeneous and heterogeneous). Properties of matter can be intrinsic or extrinsic, and changes in matter can be categorized as physical, chemical, or nuclear.

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2 views

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Matter is defined as anything that occupies space and has mass, existing in three primary states: solid, liquid, and gas, with plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate as additional states. Matter can be classified based on composition into pure substances (elements and compounds) and mixtures (homogeneous and heterogeneous). Properties of matter can be intrinsic or extrinsic, and changes in matter can be categorized as physical, chemical, or nuclear.

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MATTER

MATTER
Anything that occupies space
and has mass
THE THREE PHYSICAL FORMS, CALLED
STATES IN WHICH MATTER OCCURS ARE
SOLID, LIQUID AND GAS
MATTER IS CLASSIFIED AS PHYSICAL
PHASE: SOLID LIQUID, GAS OR
PLASMA
 A solid has both a fixed shape and fixed
volume., it does not follow the shape of
the container
 A liquid has fixed volume, but has no
definite shape, it takes the shape of the
portion of the container that it occupies.
 A gas has no definite shape
MATTER IS CLASSIFIED AS PHYSICAL
PHASE: SOLID LIQUID, GAS OR PLASMA
 The number of states of matter was increased to four
when Sir William Crookes discovered thefourth state of
matter,which is now called “plasma"+ Plasma is
defined as an ionized gas or a gas thatconducts
electricity. It usually forms at very high temperatures.
In fact, all matter is in the plasma state atextremely
high temperatures.Lightning,the Aurora Borealis, and
the gas in fluorescent lamps are examplesof
plasma.The fifth state of matter, called Bose-Einstein
condensate, was conceptualized by SatyendraNath
Bose and Albert Einstein in the early 1920s.
MATTER IS CLASSIFIED AS PHYSICAL
PHASE: SOLID LIQUID, GAS OR PLASMA
 Bose-Einstein condensate is a group of gaseous
atoms liquefied at an extremely cold
temperature of a little above absolute zero. The
formation of Bose-Einstein condensate was first
accomplished by Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman
in 1995.
CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
ACCORDING TO ITS COMPOSITION
 Based on its composition,matter is classified as either a pure
substance or a mixture. A pure substance( or simply a substance)
is matter having definite composition and distinct properties.A
substance is either an element or a compound. An element is a
substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substance; it
is composed of one kind of atom; the smallest particles of an
element that retain the properties of the elements. Elements with
their chemical symbols (or abbreviations)are listed in the periodic
table.Most elements are symbolized by a capital letter or by two
letters with first letter capitalized and the second letter not
capitalized. There are elements that are short-lived and they are
the artificially-made ones;some of these elements are was the first
to use letters for the chemical symbols ofelements. Most of the
COMPOUNDS

 A pure substance that is composed of two or


more elements chemically bonded in a
definite fixed ratio by mass.
 Compounds have wide application at home
and industry. Hydrogen peroxide is used as
an antiseptic.
 It is made up of two or more elements, and
thus composed of two or more kinds of
atoms.
MIXTURE

It is a type of matter composed of


varying proportions of two or more
substances that are physically
mixed; not chemically bonded.
A mixture is a combination of two or
more substance in which each
substance retains its own properties
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE

A mixture that uniform throughout


contain only one phase

Heterogenous Mixture - non


uniform contain two or more
phases.
PROPERTIES OF MATTER

 PROPERTIES OF MATTER ARE THOSE


PROPERTIES THAT CAN BE DETERMINED
WITHOUT CHANGING THE COMPOSITION OF
THE MATERIAL.
 -IT DEPEND ON THE AMOUNT OF SAMPLE
BEING EXAMINED CALLED EXTRINSIC
PROPERTIES
 INTRINSIC PROPERTIES ARE THOSE
PROPERTIES THAT DO NOT DEPEND ON THE
SAMPLE BEING EXAMINED
PROPERTIES OF MATTER

 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES- Are properties that describe


how a substance may change to form another
substance.
CHANGES IN MATTER
1. PHYSICAL CHANGE- it is a change in matter that
involves no change in chemical composition.
2. CHEMICAL CHANGE-one or more new substances are
formed.
3. NUCLEAR CHANGE-involves a change in the particles
in the center of an atom.

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