Cavity Classifications and
Nomenclature
Presented by:
Ahmed Ibrahim
Bayoumi
Cavity Prepared
Cavity
a defect in the hard tooth
structure resulting from
Thisinsult to dental
cavitation tissues.
induces several adverse
effects, including:
I. Irritation to the pulp-dentin organ .
2.Increased food stagnation and plaque
retention
Cavity 3.Increased vulnerability to fracture of the
remaining tooth structure.
4.Disturbance of the occlusion, contact or
contour
5.Impairment of the esthetic appearance
Is the surgical procedures
followed to eliminate the
lesion in hard tooth
structure, prevent spread of
infection and establish
Prepared compatible foundation for
Cavity the restoration.
Pits &
Fissures
Proximal surfaces of teeth gingival
Areas of to the contact points
Liability to
Caries: Areas below the greatest
diameter of the tooth ( buccal
deflection ridge):
1. Anatomical
Classification
According
2. Black’s
to
Classification
Classification 3. Numerical
Classification
Of Cavities:
4. Mount’s
Classification
1. Anatomical
Classification
Considering the areas of liability
to dental caries
A. Pits and fissures B. Smooth
cavities surface cavities
Classification
Of Cavities:
2. Black’s
Classification
Based upon the site of onset of caries process.
Classified cavities into five classes.
Classification
Of Cavities:
2. Black’s
Classification
a. Class I
cavities:
Def: Are pits and fissure lesions which occur in the
occlusal surface of molars and premolars.
the occlusal two-third of the buccal and lingual surfaces of molars
(B & Lg pit)
in the palatal surfaces of upper anterior teeth.
Classification
Of Cavities:
2. Black’s
Classification
b. Class II
cavities:
Def : are smooth surface lesions that occur in proximal surfaces of
posterior teeth. i.e mesial or distal surfaces of molar & premolar
Classification
Of Cavities:
2. Black’s
Classification
c. Class III
cavities:
Def : are smooth surfaces lesion that occur in the proximal surfaces
(M or D) OF anterior teeth (incisors & canine “cuspids”) without
include incisal angle
Classification
Of Cavities:
2. Black’s
Classification
d. Class IV
cavities:
Def : are smooth surfaces lesion that occur in the proximal surfaces
(M or D) OF anterior teeth (incisors & canine “cuspids”) with include
incisal angle
Classification
Of Cavities:
2. Black’s
Classification
e. Class V
cavities:
Def : are smooth surface cavities occuring in gingival third of buccal
& lingual surface of all teeth.
Classification
Of Cavities:
2. Black’s
Classification
f. Class VI
cavities:
• This is an additional class that has been added comprising
sites not included in Black’s classification.
• This include cavities on incisal edge of anterior teeth and
cusp heights or tips of posterior teeth.
Classification
Of Cavities:
2. Black’s
Classification
CLASS I, V, VI→ Class I, II, V, VI→
Class II → occur in
occur in anterior & occur in posterior
posterior teeth only.
posterior teeth. teeth.
Acc. To. G.V Black’s
Class III, IV, I, V, VI→ classification :
Class III, IV→ occur
Occur in anterior cavities are one
in anterior teeth only.
teeth. pits&fissures and
Classification four smooth surface
Of Cavities:
3. Numerical
Classification Classification
Of Cavities: • Cavities may be classified according to number of
surfaces involved into:
Compou Complex
Simple
nd Cavities
Cavities
Cavities
cavities involving more
cavities occurring in one cavities involving two than two surfaces, e.g.
surface only, e.g. simple surfaces, e.g. occluso- mesio-occluso-distal
occlusal, simple buccal, mesial or distal or occluso- (MOD),Occluso-bucco-
simple mesial. buccal. lingual.
4. Mount’s
Classification
(SI/STA
classification)
Proposed by mount & hume and based on the new
concept of minimal intervention.
It is based on the fact there are three surface of
the crown of tooth that can subjected to caries .
Also this classification take into consideration the
size of lesion, thus, it is combination of site and
Classification stage of the defect.
Of Cavities:
4. Mount’s
Classification
(SI/STA
Site 1: pits & classification)
fissures on occlusal surface of posterior
teeth and other defect on otherwise smooth enamel
surface.
Site 2: contact areas between any pair of teeth, anterior
or posterior.
Sites of susceptibility to caries
Site 3: cervical areas related to gingival tissues including
exposed root surfaces.
Classification
Of Cavities:
4. Mount’s
Classification
(SI/STA
classification)
The sizes or stages that can readily identified
include:
Size 0: initial lesion but not yet resulted in surface
cavitation→ can healed.
Size 1: smallest minimal lesion requiring operative
intervention.
Size 2: Moderate-sized cavity; there is still sufficient
sound tooth structure to maintain integrity of the remaining
crown
Classification Size 3: The cavity needs to be modified and
Of Cavities: enlarged to provide some protection for the
4. Mount’s
Classification
(SI/STA
classification) Si/Sta 1.1 preoperatively
.Si/Sta 1.0 (preoperative view)
Classification
Of Cavities:
Si/Sta 1.2 preoperatively .Si/Sta 1.3 preoperatively
Si/Sta 1.3 after cavity .Si/Sta 1.4 prepared for an inlay
4. Mount’s
Classification
(SI/STA
classification)
.Si/Sta 3.1 (prepared cavity) .Si/Sta 3.2 (prepared cavity)
Classification
Of Cavities:
.Si/Sta 3.3 (prepared cavity)
.Si/Sta 3.4 (prepared cavity)
4. Mount’s
Classification
(SI/STA
classification)
Classification
Of Cavities:
Cavity
Preparation
Nomenclature
The Dentino-Enamel Junction (DEJ):
Cavity
Also called amelo-dentinal junction, is the line of junction between
dentin and enamel as it appears in the internal walls of the prepared
cavities.
Preparation
Nomenclature
The Cemento-Enamel Junction (CEJ):
Is the line of junction between enamel and cementum. It also
referred to as the cervical line.
The Cavo-Surface Angle:
Is the angle formed by the junction of the wall of the prepared
cavity with the external surface of the tooth.
The actual junction is called CavoSurface margin
The cavo-surface margin of a cavity is usually in enamel.
Cavity
in cavities present in root of teeth which are exposed due to
gingival recession, the cavo-surface angle will be cementum.
Preparation
Nomenclature
The Enamel wall: Is that portion of a prepared cavity which
consists of enamel. It includes the thickness of the enamel from
the dentino-enamel junction to the cavo-surface angle.
The Dentin Wall: Is that portion of the wall of a prepared cavity
Cavity which consists of dentins.
Preparation
Nomenclature
• Line angle: It is line formed by junction of two adjacent
walls of prepared cavity.
• Point angle: It is point formed by junction of three
adjacent walls of prepared cavity.
Cavity
• Undermined enamel: It is enamel that not supported with
sound dentin.
Preparation
Nomenclature
Prepared Cavity Walls
E Sharp definite
cavosurface
DEJ margin
D
Definite slightly-rounded
internal line angle
1. Cavosurface margin
2. Enamel wall
3. Dentinoenamel junction (DEJ)
4. Dentin wall
B Rule I:
P M
Lg The surrounding walls of prepared cavity
take the name of the tooth surface that the
wall is toward.
Rule II:
The wall of prepared cavity which is
occlusal of the pulp, and in plane at right
angles to long axis of the tooth, is called
Walls and the pulpal floor.
Angles of the cavity
preparation
Pulpal
Rule III:
The wall of a prepared cavity in an axial
surface (parallel to the long axis of the
tooth) and approximates the pulp, is called
the axial wall.
Walls and
Angles of the cavity
preparation
Rule IV:
All line angles are formed by the junction of two
walls along a line, and are named by combining
the names of the walls joining to form the angle
.
Rule V:
All point angles are formed by the junction of
three walls at a point, and are named by
Walls and joining the names of the walls forming the
angle.
Angles of the cavity
preparation
1. Occlusal prepared cavities:
They have five walls: a mesial wall, a buccal wall, a distal wall, a lingual wall and a pulpal wall
They have two sets of line angles:
2. Simple mesial or distal prepared cavities (proximal
cavities) in posterior teeth:
They have five walls; lingual wall, a buccal wall, a gingival wall, an
occlusal wall and an axial wall.
3. Mesio-occlusal or disto-occlusal prepared cavities
in molar and premolars
The proximal portion has four walls. Gingival wall, buccal wall,
lingual wall and axial wall.
3. Mesio-occlusal or disto-occlusal prepared cavities
in molar and premolars
The step (Occlusal) portion has four walls, distal (or mesial) wall, buccal
wall, lingual wall and pulpal wall. It has two set of line angles.
3. Mesio-occlusal or disto-occlusal prepared cavities
in molar and premolars
The step (Occlusal) portion has four walls, distal (or mesial) wall, buccal
wall, lingual wall and pulpal wall. It has two set of line angles.
4. Proximal prepared cavities in incisor and canines
(mesial & distal): CLASS III:
Triangular form, Three walls and a floor (labial wall, lingual wall,
gingival wall, axial wall)
They have two set of line angles:
The incisal line
angle is actually the
labio-lingual line
angle, also the
incisal point angle is
axio-labio-lingual
point angle. They
are never called by
the compound
5. Proximal prepared cavities in incisors & canines with
involvement incisal angle. (class IV)
The proximal portion have lingual surface, labial wall, gingival wall and axial
wall
The names of line angles and point angles will be the same as in proximal
prepared cavities except that the incisal line angles and incisal point angles
will be missing.
The incisal step has: labial wall, lingual wall,distal or mesial wall and pulpal
wall
5. Proximal prepared cavities in incisors & canines with
involvement incisal angle. (class IV)
6. Class V cavity in buccal or lingual surfaces in all
teeth.
They have five walls (mesial wall, distal wall, gingival wall,
occlusal (or incisal) wall and axial wall.
Exercis
e
QUESTIONS: Classify acc to nature of surface & acc to
Black’s Classification
QUESTIONS:
1. Classify acc to nature of surface?
2. Classify acc to G.V Black’s?
3. Classify acc to Mount’s
classification?
QUESTIONS: 1. Classify acc to G.V Black’s?
2. Mention 4 line angles and 2 point
angles?
1 2 3
Classify acc. To number of surfaces?
QUESTIONS:
Describe these
pictures?
THANK YOU
