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Understanding Fruits: A Quick Guide

The document discusses the classification of fruits based on scientific and culinary definitions, highlighting the most popular fruits globally, with tomatoes ranked first. It explains the structure of fruits, including the pericarp's subdivisions (exocarp, mesocarp, endocarp) and categorizes fruits into simple, aggregate, and multiple types. Additionally, it details the differences between fleshy and dry fruits, including examples of each type.

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Eunice Gersava
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37 views34 pages

Understanding Fruits: A Quick Guide

The document discusses the classification of fruits based on scientific and culinary definitions, highlighting the most popular fruits globally, with tomatoes ranked first. It explains the structure of fruits, including the pericarp's subdivisions (exocarp, mesocarp, endocarp) and categorizes fruits into simple, aggregate, and multiple types. Additionally, it details the differences between fleshy and dry fruits, including examples of each type.

Uploaded by

Eunice Gersava
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GQ: What do tomatoes,

soybean pods, acorns,


and rice have in
common?
What Is the Most
Popular Fruit in the
World? Top 5 Fruits
Ranked
5. Mangoes
4. Oranges
3. Banana
2. Apples
1. Tomatoes
Fruits
The scientific definition
of a fruit is ‘an organ that
develops from the ovary
of a flowering plant and
contains one or more
seeds.’

The culinary definition,


however, limits fruits to
those foods containing a
high sugar content.
A fruit A seed
develops develops
from the from the
ovary wall ovule after
after fertilization
fertilization of the egg
in the
of the egg ovule
in the
ovule
main functions of
fruit
-prevent the
seeds from
drying
-to disperse
the seed
The mature fruit
(pericarp) can be
analyzed on the basis
of the characteristics
of three subdivisions
Exocarp = outermost
Mesocarp = middle
Endocarp = innermost
KINDS OF FRUIT OF SOME
FLOWERING PLANTS
1. Simple- defined as having developed from
a single ovary of a single pistil.
2. Aggregate-formed from numerous but
separate carpels of single flower.
3. Multiple- formed from carpels of several
associated flowers.
I. simple b. Dry Fruit
-Pericarp dry at maturity.
a. Fleshy Fruit
1. Dehiscent Dry Fruits
-Most of the
-Legume
ovary wall
-Capsule
(pericarp) is soft
-Follicle
or fleshy at
2. Indehiscent Dry Fruits
maturity
-Achene
1. Berry -Grain
2. Pepo -Samara
3. Hesperidium -Nut (Acorn, Hazelnut,
4. Drupe Chestnut, Walnut)
5. Pome
I. simple a. Fleshy Fruit
-Most of the ovary wall (pericarp) is
soft or fleshy at maturity

1. Berry 4. Drupe
2. Pepo 5. Pome
3. Hesperidium
1. Berry
- has an entirely fleshy
ovary.
- one to multiple
seeds, mesocarp is
fleshy, endocarp is
soft.
2. Pepo
- is a type of fruit
defined by a hard rind
and a fleshy inner matrix.
3. Hesperidium
-fruit has a leathery rind.
-oil glands dotting the surface
4. Drupe -usually one seeded
-mesocarp fleshy -endocarp usually hard
5. Pome
-has a fleshy exterior and a
center with papery carpels.
I. simple b. Dry Fruit
-Pericarp dry at maturity.
1. Dehiscent Dry Fruits
-Legume
-Capsule
-Follicle
2. Indehiscent Dry Fruits
-Achene
-Grain
-Samara
-Nut (Acorn, Hazelnut,
Chestnut, Walnut)
1. Dehiscent dry
fruits are fruits that
split open upon
maturation.
a. Legume (pod) is composed of a
single carpel and has two longitudinal
sutures.
b. Capsule is composed of more
than one carpel that are united and form
many-seeded fruits.
c. Follicle is composed of a single
carpel and splits open along one suture.
2. Indehiscent
dry fruits or those
that do not split
open at maturity and
usually contain one
or two seeds.
a. Achene is one-sided fruit with a
seed attached at only one place to the
pericarp.
b. Grain similar to an achene.
However, the pericarp sticks or clings
to the seed.
c. Samara usually single seeded
with a membranous wing.
d. Nut is a hard, one-seeded fruit.
II. Aggregate
-develop from a single flower
that has many pistils.
II. Multiple Fruits
-consist of a number of flowers
that fused to form a mass.

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