Essential Guide Questions:
-Are all the animals
same?
-How are they
classified?
Classifying
Name Vertebrates
What is What do I How do I Am I warm- Example
of my body use to have blooded or of animals
Group covering? breathe? babies? cold-blooded? of this
group
Fish
Amphibian
Reptile
Bird
Mammal
1.Mouth is the only body opening and is surrounded by tentacles.
2.Flat tin bodies and mostly parasites.
3.Rounded bodied that are made of segments.
4.Consists of shells and the body in three continuous parts with head,
body and foot.
5.Body in five parts, spiny skinned and with respiratory gills.
6.Has eyes, mouth and hard exoskeleton on outside body.
7.Have dry, scaly skins, cold blooded, breathe with lungs and lay eggs.
8.Mostly lay eggs, have cartilage or bony skeleton.
9.Have body hair or fur and have mammary glands that produces milk.
10.Moist skin, lay eggs, cold blooded and can live both land and water.
11. Have feathers and wings, warm blooded, lay eggs, and breathe with
lungs.
Vertebrates
•Animals that are vertebrates are
simply animals with a backbone.
•Vertebrates have an
endoskeleton
–It offers support and protects the
soft parts of the animal.
Vertebrates
Ectotherms (cold-blooded)
• Body temperature changes to match their
surroundings.
•Endotherms (warm-blooded)
• Regulate their body temperature so that it
remains constant
•Vertebrate animals fall into the chordate
phylum.
•The chordate phylum is divided into
classes.
–fish
–amphibians
–reptiles
–birds
–mammals
1. Fish
Cold-blooded
600-2000 ft
Gills & Scales
Bladder-afloat
Bony Cartilaginous
-95% -Cartilage-none
-Skeletons (B) true bone
-Scaly & Slimy (S) -Strong jaws
-Mouth-F, Tail Fin -Sharks, skates &
rays
Jawless
-Primitive eel-like fish
-Sucker-like mouth & rasping teeth
2. Amphibians
Smooth skin
Most spend at least part of
their life in water.
CB-Hibernate in winter
Three life stages: egg, larva,
adult
3. Reptiles
Dry & scaly skin
Some live in the water, but most
are adapted to life on land.
CB-Hibernate in winter
Lay soft-shelled eggs, but some
bear live young.
Includes: Lizards, Snakes, Turtles,
and Crocodiles.
4. Birds
Warm-blooded
Hollow bones and feathers.
Most can fly at least short
distances.
Birds are born from hard-shelled
eggs.
Includes: Raptors, Gulls,
Songbirds, and Fowl.
5. Mammals
Usually have hair/fur.
They give birth to live young and
feed their young with milk.
Have the most complex brains
and nervous systems of any
animal on earth.
Warm-blooded
Invertebrates
• Invertebrates are animals • Cnidaria
without a backbone.
• Sponges-Porifera
• 97% of all animals are
• Arthropoda
invertebrates!
• Mollusca
• They are divided into
different groups or phyla • Echinodermata
(plural of phylums). • Annelida
• Scientists look at • Platyhelminthes
something called symmetry • Nematoda
to help classify
invertebrates.
Radial symmetry: arranged around
in a circle around a central point.
Bilateral symmetry: have two sides
that will match if you draw a line
down the center of their body.
Asymmetric: these animals have no
definite shape at all
1. Cnidarians
• Have radial symmetry
• Sometimes they have
stinging tentacles
around their mouths
that they use to catch
food.
2. Sponges
• Asymmetric bodies
• They filter food out of the
water as it passes through
them.
3. Roundworms-Nematoda
• These outnumber every other animal on
earth.
• They can be predators, parasites, or
decomposers.
4. Arthropods
A.Crustaceans
Crustaceans
Oceans/waters
Hard, external shell
Head w/ antennae-sensory
Abdomen includes the heart, digestive &
reproductive system.
The abdomen also has appendages, such as
legs, for crawling and swimming. Many
crustaceans also have claws that help with
crawling and eating.
4. Arthropods
B. Arachnids
Crustaceans
Arachnids are a type of arthropod. You know
many of them as spiders.
Like other arthropods, the arachnids have a
hard exoskeleton and jointed appendages for
walking.
Unlike other arthropods, arachnids do not
have antennae.
Common arachnids are the spider, scorpions,
ticks and mites.
4. Arthropods
Crustaceans
C. Insects
Insects are the largest group of arthropods. There
are over 800,000 different types of insects.
The insect's head has a pair of antennae, and a
pair of compound eyes.
Compound eyes are different from human eyes
which have a single lens for each eye. Compound
eyes have many lenses for each eye. For example,
the fly has about 4,000 lenses in a single eye. This
provides them with very good eyesight.
5. Platyhelminthes
Crustaceans
Long, flat bodies
Bilateral symmetry
Most are parasites that invade other
creatures and live off of them.
Planaria, tapeworms, liver flukes
6. Annelida
Crustaceans
Segmented worms
Ringed segments
Earthworms, leeches
7. Mollusca
Crustaceans
Soft bodies
Protective shell
Land mollusks include snails and
slugs and have lungs.
Water mollusks include oysters,
mussels, clams, squids, and
octopuses which use gills to breathe.
8. Echinodermata
SpinyCrustaceans
skin
Radial symmetry
Thousands of tube-like feet
Starfish, sea urchin, sand dollar, and
sea cucumber.
Kingdo
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