Ancient Egypt
Here is
Egypt!
Map of Ancient Egypt
• Here we can see a
map of Ancient Egypt.
• If we look closely, we
can see that the river
Nile runs through
Egypt.
• We can see that the
towns are mostly
situated by the river.
- Why do you think
these towns were
beside the river?
- Do you think Ancient
Egypt would have
been much different
from Egypt today?
https://youtu.be/_V3C6szgcIY
Ancient Egypt
• Ancient Egypt is one of the most important
civilizations in the history of mankind.
• Ancient Egypt began in 3100 BC. and
disappeared when it was conquered by the
powerful Roman Empire in 332 BC. This means
that it only lasted for about 3,000 years.
• It was located in North East Africa. Its
inhabitants were creating cities on the banks of
the River Nile. The civilization of Ancient Egypt
developed along the Nile River because it was
the area where it could develop to the best of
its potential.
The River nile
• The River Nile provided the
Ancient Egyptians with:
1. Food and resources
2. Land for agriculture
3. A way to travel
4. A way to transport materials
for building projects such as
the pyramids.
• The River Nile was a critical
lifeline that literally brought life
to the desert and it became a
real source of life that attracted
more and more people as it
provided fertile soil for growing
food.
• Without the River Nile, there
would have been no Ancient
Egypt.
The Nile
The Nile is home to
runs
lots of wonderful
wildlife, including
through
fish, birds, turtles, 11
snakes, hippos and countries
one of our planet’s
largest reptiles the
Nile crocodile!
The River
Nile is
The River considered
Nile is the to be the
longest river world’s
in Africa, longest river
measured at
6,650 km
Pyramids
• What are • How are they • What were
Pyramids? made? they for?
1. The pyramids are 1. The pyramid is only 1. The pyramid
the incredible the visible part. was a
constructions in 2. Underneath it is structure
which the the most important designed for
pharaoh was part: The sealed the pharaoh to
buried after his chamber of rest forever
death. Pharaoh. safe from
2. They are gigantic 3. Inside the tomb robbers
tombs that were chamber, the and harsh
raised thanks to mummy is weather
the work done by
preserved in a conditions.
thousands of
sarcophagus, next
workers from all
over Egypt. to the objects to
take to the other
life.
4. Each pyramid took
between 15-30
The Great Pyramids of Giza
• The Great Pyramids of Giza are the largest of the Egyptian
pyramids.
• The Great Pyramids of Giza are the only of the Seven
Wonders of the Ancient World still standing today.
The Egyptian Alphabet -
Heiroglyphics
• The Ancient Egyptians used pictures to write called Hieroglyphics.
• Hieroglyphics was a very complicated way of writing involving
thousands of symbols.
• Some of the symbols represented sounds, like our letters, and
other's represented entire words.
• Hieroglyphics was different from how we write in many ways:
1. It could be written in almost any direction; left to right, right to left,
or top to bottom. The reader would figure out which way to read it
by the direction of the symbols.
2. They didn't use any punctuation.
3. One of the goals in writing hieroglyphics was that the writing would
look like art and be beautiful to look at.
Would you
like to write
using
Hieroglyphics
?
Egyptian Religion & Gods
• The Egyptians firmly believed that there was life after death.
• Many religions only worship one God, whereas the ancient
Egyptians worshipped many Gods and Godesses.
• They believed that if you died you would go to the Afterlife were the
Gods lived.
• Egyptians had different Gods for different things.
• Most Egyptian Gods represented one aspect of the world – Sun,
Moon, Truth and Justice, Women, Music etc.
• These Gods could take different forms, usually as animals.
• The bodies of these ancient Gods were always human but their
heads could be different birds and animals such as hawks, cats,
wolves, and rams. This made them extremely unique.
o There were some gods and goddesses that were more
important and prominent than others. Here are some of the
more important ones:
Ra - Ra was Anubis – Anubis was
the sun god and believed to be the guide
the most to the underworld and
important god was one of the oldest
to the Ancient and most famous
Egyptians. Ra Egyptian gods. He is
was drawn as a sometimes called the
man with a god of the afterlife.
hawk head and Anubis is always seen
a headdress with a black mask
with a sun disk. because the color black
Ra was said to symbolizes death. He
have created all had the head of a jackal,
forms of life and which is a wild dog that
was the was often found digging
supreme ruler around graves, as well
of the gods. as the body of a human
and the tail of a lion.
Isis Osiris Horus
Isis was the Osiris was ruler Horus was
mother goddess. of the the god of
It was thought underworld and the sky. He
that she would god of the dead. was drawn
protect and help Osiris was drawn as a man
people in need. as a mummified with the
She was drawn man with a head of a
as a woman with feathered hawk.
a headdress in headdress.
the shape of a
throne.
Egyptian Pharoahs
• Pharaohs were the kings
and queens of Egypt.
• Pharaohs were believed
to be the supreme ruler
chosen by the gods to
lead his people.
• The Egyptians believed
that when a man or
woman became a
pharaoh, they also
became a god. Here we
• According to Egyptian have a
legend, the first kings very
and queens of Egypt famous
were later some of the Pharaoh,
most famous gods. can
anyone
guess who
Responsibility of The Pharaoh
• Pharaohs held absolute power over everyone.
• However, despite having absolute power,
during the period of the Pharaoh's rule, they
had to follow the rules and laws of Ma'at. Ma’at the
• Ma’at was the goddess of truth, balance, egyptian
order, harmony, law, morality (difference goddess
between right and wrong), and justice
(fairness).
• Any Pharaoh that attempted to completely change society would be
seen as destroying the equality that was so important to Egyptian
tradition.
• This could then result in a civil war or a challenge in the Pharaohs
authority, meaning the people of Egypt may refuse to follow the
Pharaohs rules.
• The Pharaohs owned all of
the land, people, and
possessions in Egypt.
• Any personal wealth owned
by Egyptian people was
considered a result of the
generosity of the King or
Queen, meaning it was
beleieved that they their
wealthiness was because of
the King or Queen and that
they owned their
possessions.
How would you feel if everything
you owned actually belonged to
the ruler of your country?
The Most famous pharoahs
• The two most well known Pharoahs to rule Ancient
Egypt are King Tutankhmun and Queen Cleopatra.
Queen Cleopatra
• Cleopatra was the last ruler of ancient
Egypt before it was taken over by the
Roman Empire. She ruled for around 21
years in a city called Alexandria.
• When Cleopatra became ruler of Egypt,
women were not allowed to rule on their
own, therefore, her younger brother ruled
alongside her.
• Cleopatra was known to be an intelligent
and successful leader.
• During a bad drought in Egypt during her
time as ruler, Cleopatra offered stored grain
to people in the city. This meant that
nobody went hungry.
• This shows us why Cleopatra was so
popular and successful as a leader as she
took care of the people in Egypt.
King tutankhamun
• Tutankhamun or King Tut as he is
also known as, became Pharaoh
around the age of 9 due to the death
of his father, the previous ruler.
• Because he was so young, he had
powerful advisers around him to help
him rule Egypt.
• Tutankhamun reigned for roughly 10
years. He died around the age of 19.
• He is most famous because of his
tomb which was discovered almost
intact and full of treasures in 1922.
Would you like to become King or
Queen at age 10?
Tutankhamun’s Tomb
• We will now read about and discuss Tutankhamun’s tomb
and why is it so famous.
What do you
think was
found in
Tutankhamun’
s tomb?
• Objects found in Tutankhamun’s Tomb -
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/tutankhamun_gallery.shtml
• Excavation of Tutankhamun’s Tomb - https://youtu.be/wtNodW1vFg0
