•A D R I GORRILA

Re p ro d u c t i v •R E I K RY E Z I U

e System •E N D I S ABDULLAHI
•R E B A H CULAJ
Content
• Male Reproductive System
• Female Reproductive System
• Path of Fertilization (Pregnancy)
• Physical and Mental Changes during Puberty
Male Reproductive System
• The male reproductive system is made up of external and internal parts and
organs, that all together perform different functions in the human body, such
as:
1. Producing, maintaining and transporting sperm cells
2. Discharging sperm into the female reproductive tract
3. Producing and secreting sex hormones
Function
(Hormones)
• The male reproductive system is mostly
dependent on hormones. The primary
hormones involve follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH)
and testosterone.
• FSH and LH are produced in the pituitary
gland. FSH is necessary for sperm
production. LH stimulates the producing of
testosterone. Testosterone is responsible
for male characteristics.
Anatomy (External Strucutres)
• Penis (root, shaft, glans)
• Testicles (Testes)
• Scrotum
• Epididymis
Anatomy (Internal Structures)
• Ejaculatory Ducts
• Urethra
• Seminal Vesicles
• Prostate Gland
Female
Reproductive
System
• The female reproductive
system are the body
parts that help women
reproduce.
What are the parts of the Female Reproductive
System?
• The female reproductive system is divided into two groups:
• External and internal parts.
 External Parts
• The function of the external genitals is to
protect the internal parts from infection and
allow sperm to enter the vagina section.
The collective name to call the external
genitals is vulva. The main parts of the
external genitals are as follows:
• Labia majora
• Labia minora
• Clitoris
• Hymen
• Opening to urethra
Internal Parts
• Vagina
• Cervix
• Uterus
• Ovaries
• Fallopian Tubes
What are the functions of the Female
Reproductive System?
• Menstrual Cycle
• Menopause
The way of sperm to the egg
• Colloquially, the path to fertilization we understand as a race in which only the best
sperm will be able to reach the finish line and win the prize. Effectively, it is something
like this: many spermatozoa start the race, but only one will fertilize the egg.
• The route of the sperm to the egg can be divided into two major stages:
 Male reproductive system: the journey of sperm in the male body is from the testicles
to the outside world.
 Female reproductive system: from the vagina, where semen is deposited, to the
Fallopian tubes, where the egg is found. It should not be forgotten that during these
two phases of the journey the sperm meet certain obstacles. To follow, we discuss
what they are.
• During this journey from the testicle to the outside, the sperm acquire the
correct shape and structure to allow fertilization of the egg. The changes that
occur at this final stage of sperm maturation are:
• DNA compaction to allow the head (where the DNA is stored) to be as small
as possible and therefore move better. This also helps it to pass through the
zona pellucida (egg shell).
• The tail acquires the perfect design so the sperm have great speed and
resistance.
• The middle piece has a large number of mitochondria for high
energy production. This gives the spermatozoon great efficiency in
energy usage.
The sperm structure
• This is the form of a sperm. The sperm's
important parts are the tail, the
midsection and the head. The tip of the
sperm head is the portion called the
acrosome, which enables the sperm to
penetrate the egg. The midpiece
contains the mitochondria which
supplies the energy the tail needs to
move. The tail moves with whip-like
movements back and forth to propel the
sperm towards the egg.
How does pregnancy happen
• Sperm are microscopic cells that are made in testicles. Sperm mixes with
other fluids to make semen (cum), which comes out of the penis during
ejaculation. Millions and millions of sperm come out every time you ejaculate
— but it only takes 1 sperm cell to meet with an egg for pregnancy to happen.
• Eggs live in ovaries, and the hormones that control your menstrual cycle
cause a few eggs to mature every month. When your egg is mature, it means
it’s ready to be fertilized by a sperm cell. These hormones also make the
lining of your uterus thick and spongy, which gets your body ready for
pregnancy.
• About halfway through your menstrual cycle, one mature egg leaves the ovary —
called ovulation — and travels through the fallopian tube towards your uterus.
• The egg hangs out for about 12-24 hours, slowly moving through the fallopian
tube, to see if any sperm are around.
• If semen gets in your vagina, sperm cells can swim up through the cervix. The
sperm and uterus work together to move the sperm towards the fallopian tubes. If
an egg is moving through your fallopian tubes at the same time, the sperm and
egg can join together. The sperm has up to six days to join with an egg before it
dies.
• When a sperm cell joins with an egg, it’s called fertilization. Fertilization doesn’t
happen right away. Since sperm can hang out in your uterus and fallopian tube
for up to 6 days after sex, there’s up to 6 days between sex and fertilization.
Female Physical Changes
• Breasts develop
• Vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes develop
• Hips widen
• Will get taller
• Acne
• Body develops
• Body hair
• Menstruation
Female Mental Changes
• Sudden mood changes(more in menstruation)
• Changing or new emotions
• An involuntary increase in sexual feelings and fantasies.
Male Physical Changes
• Genitals grow, hair in the genitals grow
• Developed muscles
• Voice breaks
• Body and facial hair grows
• Genitals get bigger in size
• Wider chests
• Able to produce sperm
• Pimples, more oiles on their skin and more sweating.
Male Mental Changes
• New emotions
• More often romantic feelings
• Involuntary sexual thoughts
• Can feel sadness, depression, confusion
• Uncertain feelings(confusion and thinking for your future and etc)
• Desire of more freedom(like going out or doing other stuff)
• They may be doing stuff that they don’t like to be a part of a group
• The feeling of loneliness, they will be looking for people more.