Connect Hardware Peripherals

Introduction to Computer
What is a computer? A computer is an electronic device
that manipulates information, or data.
It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data.

Hardware and Software Computer Components

What is Computer Hardware? Several components in a

computer working together are called hardware.
 Introduction to Computer and
Connecting Peripherals
Definitions of Peripheral Devices

 External or tangible devices which are attached to the

external part of the computer system unit.
 Any device connected internally or externally to a
computer system unit and used in the transfer of data
as well as processing information.
Cont…

Any input, output or external storage device connected

externally or internally communicate with the
computer's processors is termed as peripherals
examples, monitor, keyboard, printer, disk, tape,
graphics tablet, scanner, joy stick, paddle or mouse
etc.
 Categories of Peripherals and Device
Drivers
Peripheral devices can be categorized in to three (3), Input
device, Output devices and Internal and external storage
devices.
Device drivers: - It is a small program that tells the
computer how to communicate with input/output (peripheral)
devices.
Every peripheral device needs device driver to communicate
with the computer system.
Input device - is a device that has been used as a means
of input. It is any peripheral (piece of computer hardware
equipment) used to provide data and control signals
to an information processing system such as a computer
or other information appliance. The common input
devices are keyboard, mouse, and scanner.
Keyboard - The computer key board is used to input, or
enter, letters, numbers, symbols, punctuations and
commands into the computer
Mouse or a pointing device is any human interface
device that allows a user to input spatial data to a
computer.

There are three different types of mouse

such as:-
Mechanical mouse: - The mechanical mouse consists
of a ball that rolls one of two wheels inside the mouse.
Optical mouse - Computer mouse that utilizes light-
emitting diodes (LED) or laser as a method of tracking
Scanner is a device that can scan or digitize
images on paper and convert them to data that
the computer can use.

Output Device
An output device is any piece of computer hardware
equipment used to communicate the results of
data processing carried out by an
information processing system (such as a computer) to
the outside world
 cont

 In computing, input/output, or I/O, refers to the

communication between an
information processing system (such as a computer),
and the outside world.
Inputs are the signals or data sent to the system, and
outputs are the signals or data sent by the system to
the outside.
 Examples of output devices are:-
 speaker

Headphone

monitor

printer
 The storage devices
Computer data storage, often called storage or memory, refers
to computer components and recording media that retain digital
data.
Data storage is one of the core functions and fundamental
components of computers.

There are 3 types of storage devices:

 Primary Storage – is also known as the main memory or a
temporary storage device. It is fast in nature but can
accommodate only few data.
Secondary Storage – Secondary storage (also known as
external memory or auxiliary storage), differs from
primary storage in that it is not directly accessible by the
CPU.
Secondary storage does not lose the data when the
device is powered down—it is non-volatile.
Examples of a secondary storage device are Internal Hard
drive, external Hard Drive, Flash Disk, CD/DVD, Floppy
disk, Memory card.
Tertiary Storage - Tertiary storage or tertiary
memory provides a third level of storage.
Typically it involves a robotic mechanism which
will mount (insert) and dismount removable
mass storage media into a storage device according to
the system's demands; this data is often copied to
secondary storage before use.
 Connectivity devices
The majority of external peripheral devices connect to the
back of the computer’s system unit with cables and
connectors.
The computer’s system unit has a variety of ports
available for use by different peripheral device cables.
A port is a socket that is used to connect the cables from
peripheral devices to the computer or the position to plug
peripheral devices.
 Ports
A port is an interface on a computer to which you can a device.

Personal computers have various types of ports.

 Internally, there are several ports for connecting disk drives

screens, and keyboards.
Externally, Personal computers have ports for connecting
modem, printer, mouse, keyboard, and other peripheral
devices.
The types of ports are:-
 Serial ports:
is the oldest technology that is used to connect some
types of mouse, keyboard, and other peripherals.
As the name indicates, this port sends data serially that
is one bit at a time.
A serial port is also called male port since it consists of
protruding pins.
Its transfer rate is close to 10KBS data.
 Parallel Ports:

are used primarily for connecting printers to your

system.
Because of this it is called LPT (line print) port.

 It is also called female port since it consists of holes.

 Parallel ports generate speeds of 100KBS and reflect

transfers 10 times faster than serial speeds.
 USB (Universal Serial Bus):
USB is a high performance-networking standard based
on serial bus architecture.
Most new computers and associated peripheral devices
like printers and scanners support USB.
 USB ports are used to connect just about any type of
peripheral devices speed enhancements have greatly
improved performance with USB 1.0 generating speeds
at 14 MB/S and USB 2.0 attaining speeds of 480MB/S
There are several types of ports like serial port, parallel
port, USB port, AGP port, power supply port and so on.
As the name suggests, the serial port transfers data
serially one bit at a time.
As a result, the serial port needs only wire to transmit 8
bits.
The disadvantage is that it takes 8 times longer to
transmit a byte. Also, it is necessary to send a start bit
before each byte of data, a stop bit after the byte to
mark the end of byte and a parity bit to help check the
integrity of data.
Serial ports come in the form of 9-pin or 25-pin male
connector.
 Serial ports are often known as communication ports
or RS232C ports. They are typically used to connect
devices like old mouse and modem.
 Parallel ports
Parallel ports can send or receive a byte (8-bit) at a time.

Unlike the serial port, these 8-bits are transmitted parallel

to each other.
 Parallel ports come in the form of 25-pin female connector.

 Parallel ports are popularly used to connect printer,

scanner, CD/DVD writer, zip drive, external hard disk drive,
tape backup drive, etc.
To spare the user botheration of 8-pin, 25-pin, male,
female connectors, the USB has been designed.
It gives you a single, standardized, easy-to-use way to
connect up to 127 devices to a computer.
These devices include printers, scanners, mice,
joystick, digital camera, web cameras, speakers,
telephones, zip drives, network connections,
scientific data acquisition devices, etc.
 referred to as an Ethernet port, the LAN port is a
Alternatively port connection that allows a computer to
connect to a network using a wired connection.
 In the picture to the right, is a close up example of
what a LAN port looks like for a network cable using an
RJ-45 connector.
 In the case of this example, the two led lights will blink
when that port is active and receiving activity.
 power supply

A power supply is a device that supplies electrical

energy to one or more electric loads.
Every power supply must obtain the energy it supplies
to its load, as well as any energy it consumes while
performing that task, from an energy source.
A Video Graphics Array (VGA) connector is a three-row
15-pin DE-15 connector.
 The 15-pin VGA connector is found on many video
cards, computer monitors, and some television sets.
 On laptop computers or other small devices, a
mini-VGA port is sometimes used in place of the full-
sized VGA connector.
 Connectors
CAT5 network cable This cable allows the computer
to communicate to other computers over a
network.
It also provides networked computers access to the
Internet.
 VGA This cable is usually permanently connected to a
monitor. Small screws hold the cable in place.
 USB cable
USB cable - Most PC's now have these fast and versatile ports on
the front and back.
They can be used for portable storage devices, digital cameras,
scanners, video cameras, printers, keyboards and mice - just about
everything!
Power cord - This is a standard "kettle cord" that connects the
computer to the AC outlet on the wall and the power supply of the
computer.
This MUST be unplugged if you are ever doing any maintenance
work inside the computer.
 printer cable

printer cable - This is a 25-pin “D” shaped connector

that connects printers to the parallel port on a
computer. (Newer printers may connect with a USB
plug.)

PS2 cable - On most computers these days, this

connection is used for both the mouse and the
keyboard. This plug has 6 pins.
 Audio cable
• Audio cable – This is used to connect the speaker to
the audio port
• Name: _____________________________________ Date:
_________________
• Instruction: Answer all the questions listed below, if you
have some clarifications- feel free to ask your teacher.
1. What do you call the external or tangible devices which
are attached to the external part of the computer? (5
point)
2. What is the small program that tells the computer how to
communicate with input/output (peripheral) devices? (5
point)
3. Given the different computer peripherals, group them by
writing each of it where categories they belong on the
table below: (5 point each)
Mouse e. Serial cable i. LCD Monitor
Monitor f. Printer j. PS2 cable
Core i3 chip g. Scanner k. Dual Core chip
Printer Cable h. Speaker l. Keyboard

Input Output Internal Storage Internal Storage

Devices Devices devices devices
 CHAPTER TWO

Peripherals Requirement
 2.1Obtaining peripheral device
The first step in obtaining a peripheral device is to locate suppliers of
that device.
Then, there are factors you need to consider about the supplier and the
devices on offer, such as support provided and purchase price.
This will help you to compare and choose the most appropriate supplier
and the exact model of the device according to client requirements.
Finally, you are ready to place an order for your organization or client
to purchase the device.
Locating a supplier There are many ways to find a supplier of
peripheral equipment/devices. Some of the ways includes:-
Searching the Internet Using search engines such as Google
or Yahoo can help you find a hardware supplier anywhere in
the world.
PC magazines Computing magazines often contain a large
section devoted to advertising current hardware suppliers.
Newspapers Major newspapers have computer/IT sections or
classified advertisements which can be a source for finding
suppliers.
 what procedures you need to follow when placing an order
within your organisation.
 Order form Sample but it depends on the organization
• From: ____________________________
Date: ____________________________
•Code/Model Quantity Description Price Supplier Name

• Delivery
point:______________________________________________________
 Entering Peripherals into Equipment Inventory
Hardware inventories - The purpose of a hardware inventory (or
registry) is to keep detailed information about all the hardware
equipment within an organization.
Every piece of hardware, including each computer and peripheral
device, should be recorded on the inventory.
There are a number of tools available to create hardware
inventories.
Databases and spread sheets are often used to store the
information.
Details that should be included within a hardware inventory
includes:-
Description of hardware device
Manufacturer
Supplier
Model number
Serial number
Warranty or maintenance conditions
Components
Location
Number and identity of authorized users
Purchase price
Date of purchase.
 Documenting peripherals used with each computer

Individual computer inventories will often contain

detailed information about the computer‘s related
hardware and software.
 Storing Peripherals
Keeping equipment in ideal working conditions

Keep equipment in the correct position

Keep equipment away from weather, dust and other harmful

material
Do not expose equipment to extreme temperatures and high
humidity
Avoid storing the device in direct sunlight
• Self-Check 2.1 Name: - ________________Date: _________________
• Instruction I: Answer all the questions listed below, if you have some
clarifications- feel free to ask your teacher.
1. What do you need to have to have detailed information about all the
hardware equipment within an organization? (1 point)
2. What are the two (2) common tools to create a hardware inventories?
(2 points)
3. Give at least six (6) details that should be included in hardware
inventory. (6 points)
4. What are the four (4) important considerations when storing the
hardware? (4 points)
5. Explain the appropriate storage place when storing peripheral
devices?
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 Installing hardware peripherals based on timeframe,
environmental consideration and OH&S standard

One of the most important considerations when

installing a new hardware peripheral is to try and install
the device with the least amount of timeframe for
installation, environmental consideration and OH&S
standards
 Environmental Consideration

It can be difficult to work out how long it will take to

install a peripheral device.
It will vary according to the type of device, current
environmental consideration, problems requiring
troubleshooting and the experience of the
installer/technicians/.
 User Safety and OH&S standard Consideration

The user safety and OH&S standard

consideration is most important issues
when removing/installing peripheral
devices to the system unit.
Some of the following safety issues are as
follows:-
 Electrical Safety
connected to 240V mains supply

Always turn off power at point and disconnect the

power connection
Avoid over loading power board/point

Make sure power boards have safety switches

Make sure no fluid around where peripheral device is

stored, installed used
 User Safety when handling/removing peripherals

Make sure sufficient room for unpacking

Ensure enough lighting to see what doing, read manual

Check weight before lifting to safe lifting procedures

Clear space to put peripheral down

 User Safety when placing/storing peripherals
E.g. monitor can’t be placed in a place reflecting light

Route cables and power leads so they

Can reach connection point wont being danger of trod

on/rolled over by chairs
Consider HOW USER will use frequency placement
 Care of Peripherals – handling/moving
Care of Peripherals – handling/moving
Read manual for any special precautions e.g. temp,
stance
Things that can damage a peripheral: sudden shock,
fluid spills, humid/dusty environs, power turned
on/off quickly.
Electrostatic Discharge: wear earth strap: static
builds in body e.g. from walking across carpet on dry
Removing and Replacing Old
Peripherals