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L2.1 Parts of A Microscope

The document provides an overview of the structure and function of microscopes, detailing their main parts and how they work. It explains the principles of magnification and resolution, including calculations for total magnification. Additionally, it discusses different types of microscopes and their specific components.

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zhouyl0827
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7 views29 pages

L2.1 Parts of A Microscope

The document provides an overview of the structure and function of microscopes, detailing their main parts and how they work. It explains the principles of magnification and resolution, including calculations for total magnification. Additionally, it discusses different types of microscopes and their specific components.

Uploaded by

zhouyl0827
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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L2.

1 Parts of a
Micrpscope
L3.1 Parts of a Microscope
L.O: Describe the structure of a microscope.
Success Criteria (rate yourself, be honest)
2. I understand 3. I can do this 4. I can teach
1. I have no idea
some of it independently others

Describe how the


microscopes work.

Calculate the
magnification power.

Identify the main parts


of a microscope and
their functions.
1665 – English physicist, Robert Hooke looked at a
sliver of cork through a microscope lens and noticed
some "cells" in it.

1674 – Anton van Leeuwenhoek


built a simple microscope with only
one lens to examine blood, yeast,
insects and many other tiny objects.
Leeuwenhoek was the first person to
describe bacteria
How does it work?
• Light microscopes passes LIGHT
through the object or reflects light off
it.
• If an object is thick or opaque (doesn’t
allow light through) then they can’t be
viewed well using a light microscope.
• When preparing a slide, the specimen
should be as thin as possible.

• A compound light microscope has two


or more lenses.
Magnification 放大倍数

• Enlargement of an object
• Compare size of image to actual size of object
Calculate Magnification
• Eyepiece power x objective power = total
magnification

• Eyepiece • Objective power


power (objective lens)
(Ocular lens) 4X
10X 10X
25X
40X
Resolution 分辨率

• Resolution or Resolving Power


Capacity to show 2 points that are close together as separate

. ..
10x 1000x
• Poor Resolution = Blurry Image
• Good Resolution = Clear Image
What happens as magnification
increases?

1. Field of view decreases


2. Brightness decreases
3. Resolving power
increases
How does a microscope
work?
• Parfocal 等焦

- Both low and high-power objectives are adjusted to the


same focus
- Easily switch between both objectives
Different types of microscopes

•Compound light microscope 光学

•Electron microscope 电子 •Stereomicroscope 立体


Microscope Parts
Ocular lens
Body Tube

Revolving Nosepiece
Arm
Objective Lens

Stage
Stage Clips
Coarse adjustment knob
Diaphragm
Fine adjustment knob
Light

Base
Ocular lens

magnifies; where you


look through to see the
image of your specimen.
They are usually 10X or
15X power. Our
microscopes have an ocular
lens power of 10x.
body tube

connects the eyepiece


to the objective
lenses
supports the tube and
connects it to the
arm base
the bottom of the
microscope, used for
support

base
the flat platform
where you place
your slides
stage
Stage clips hold the slides in
place. If your microscope
has a mechanical stage, you
will be able to move the
slide around by turning two
knobs. One stage clips
moves it left and right, the
other moves it up and down.
moves stage (or body
tube) up and down

coarse adjustment knob


small, round knob on
the side of the
microscope used to
fine-tune the focus of
your specimen
fine adjustment knob
after using the coarse
adjustment knob
the part that holds two
or more objective lenses
revolving nosepiece
and can be rotated to
easily change power
Adds to the magnification
Usually you will find 3 or 4
objective lenses on a
microscope. They almost
objective lens
always consist of 4X, 10X,
40X and 100X powers.
When coupled with a 10X
(most common)
eyepiece lens, we get total
magnifications of 40X (4X
times 10X), 100X , 400X
and 1000X.
The shortest objective lenses
lens is the lowest power, the
longest one is the lens with
the greatest power. Lenses
are color coded.
The high power objective
lenses are retractable (i.e.
40XR). This means that if
they hit a slide, the end of
the lens will objective lenses
push in (spring loaded)
thereby protecting the lens
and the slide.
controls the amount of light
going through the specimen
Many microscopes have a
rotating disk under the
stage. This diaphragm has
different sized holes and is
diaphragm
used to vary the intensity
and size of the cone of light
that is projected upward into
the slide. There is no set rule
regarding which setting to use
for a particular power. Rather,
the setting is a function of the
transparency of the specimen,
the degree of contrastdiaphragm
you desire and the particular
objective lens in use.
makes the specimen
easier to see

light

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