EARTH AND LIFE
SCIENCE GAME
PLAYERS
167 099 189
ELLA MAE ZEDRICK SHAMIEL ROSE
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ENDOGENIC
Formed or occuring
beneath the surface of the
earth
*it is an already formed
geological structure
beneath the land above
*it is a type of land
underneath
Or inside the earth
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-it is the process of
changing material that
ENDOGENIC FORCES- make up the rock .
is what you call "moving -it is an endogenic when
ground" , it is the forces there are pressure
within the earth that METAMHORPHISM- And heat applied to
causes the ground to move geologicstructures which
alteration of the lead to formation of
EXAMPLE; earthquakes, compisation or metamhorpic rock.
mountain formation, structure of a rock by -new minerals are created
volcanic erruption and either by rearrangement of
ENDOGENIC PROCESSS- heat and pressure mineral components
metamhorphism
are geological process that Or reaction
occur beneath the earths fluids( chemicals) fluids
surface , it is asciotiated that enters the rocks .
with energy originating in Pressure or temperature
the interior of of the solid can change previously
earth metamhorposed rock into
new types. Metamhorphic
are often squished ,
smeared out or folded.
volume of an area of the
earth’s crust.The type of
deformation that occurs
depends on the type of
stress STRESS
and the type of
-Is the force per unit area that is placed on a rock a
rock present in the area
deeply buried rock is pushed down by the weight of all
the materials above it.
of the earth’s crust.
4 Types of Stress
•Compression
-The stress that squeezes something, It is the stress
component perpendicular to a given surface, such as a
fault plane, that results from Forces applied
perpendicular to the surface transmitted through the
surrounding rocks.
•Folds
-Result from the slow deformation of rocks. This happens
deep underground where the rocks are under pressure and
temperatures higher.
Anticlines- An arch of stratified rock in which the layers bend
downward in opposite direction from crest.
• Shear
-Is defined as a stress that is applied parallel to a face of
a material as opposed to a normal stress which is
applied perpendicularly.
Syncline- A tough of stratified rock in which the beds dips
toward each other from either side.
•Tension
-Refers to a stress which stresses rock in two opposite
direction. The rocks become longer in a lateral direction and
•Faulting
thinner in a vertical direction. -A planar or gently curved fracture in the rocks of earth’s crust,
where compressional or tensional forces cause relative
displacement of the rocks on the opposite sides of the fracture.
Fault range in hundred kilometers and displacement likewise
may range from less than a centimeter to several hundred
kilometers along the fracture surface.
3 Types of Fault
•Normal fault •Strike Slip Fault
•Reverse Fault
-Movement of block along the
-The block above the fault is horizontal and the fault
-The block above the plane is nearly vertical. If the
inclined fault moves
inclined fault moves up block on the far side the fault
down relative to the moves to the left, the fault is
relative to the block
block below the fault. called left lateral. If it moves to
below the fault. This the right, this fault u it s called
This fault caused by
fault caused by right lateral. This fault of a strike
extensional forces and slip fault is caused by shearing
compressional forces.
result in extension. forces.
Radioactive or
Interior Heat Primodial Heat Radiogenic
- It is a heat generated during
interior heat or internal - is the heat Decay heat is the HEAT released as
earth’s formation
source from the interior of celestial a result of radioactive decay.
objects , such as stars , brown
- Is the internal heat energy
dwarf , planets , moons , dwarf -this heat is produced as an effect
accumulated by dissipation in a
planet of radiation is converted into
planet during its first few million
-interior heat is divided into two thermal movements of atom
years of evolution . The main
categories (about an hour after shutdown ,
contributions to the primordial
the decay will about 1.5% of the
heat are accreational energy ; the
•Primordial Heat previous core power
energy Deposited by infalling
•Radiogenic or Radioactive Heat - which conevntion and
planetismals and differantion
conduction enters.
energy
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Thermal conduction
Conduction: This is a flow of heat by
is the transfer of internal energy by
direct contact. Heat travels from a
microscopic collisions of particles and
warmer object toward a colder object.
movement of electrons within a body.
The colliding particles, which include
Convection: This is a transfer of heat by
molecules, atoms and electrons,
mixing a fluid. Convection occurs
transfer disorganized microscopic
within liquids and gases.
kinetic and potential energy, jointly
known as internal energy.
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MAGMATISM
A process under the •MAGMA•
Earth’s crust where Is a molten and •MAGMA & LAVA•
formation and semi molten rock -Lava is a molten rock -Magma is a molten rock
movement of mixture found that has reached the that stores under the
magma occur. under the surface of Earth’s surface through surface of the earth
the earth. volcanic vents.
PARTIAL MELTING
It happens when only some parts of a rock melt;
it takes place because rocks are not pure materials.
COMPOSITION OF
MAGMA
3 Types of Magma
• BASALTIC MAGMA
! •RHYOLITIC MAGMA
• ANDESISTIC MAGMA !
OUT OF SERVICE
OUT OF SERVICE
CONDITION
1.Increase of
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temperature
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3. Addition of volatiles
VOLCANISM
- It is the phenomenon of eruption of
molten rocks (magma) onto the EFFUSIVE ERUPTION:
surface or a rock solid surface planet -Is a type of eruption in which
or moon, where lava, pyroclastic, and lava steadily flows out of a
volcanic gases erupt theough a break volcano onto the ground.
in the surface called “vent”
EXPLOSIVE ERUPTION:
-is a type of eruption or it is the most violent type of eruption,
such eruption result when sufficient gas has dissolved under
pressure with viscous magma such that expelled lava violently
froths into volcanic ash when pressure is suddenly lowered at the
vent.
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