Commission on Higher Education
GUINAYANGAN COLLEGE FOUNDATION INC.
Barangay Sisi, Guinayangan, Quezon
Semester Academic Year 2024-2025
THE TEACHER AND THE
COMMUNITY SCHOOL
CULTURE AND
ORGANIZATIONAL
• EDUC 311
LEADERSHIP Semester: Second Semester
Year: AY: 2024-2025
Instructor: Hersey Ann A. Anajao, LPT
Email:
[email protected] SOCIAL
SCIENCE
THEORIES
AND THEIR
IMPLICATIO
NS CHAPTER 3
Intended Learning Outcomes:
•At the end of the chapter, the students
must be able to explain three social
science theories and their implications
to education
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1. According to the song what are connected?
2. What do you expect if these bones are connected ?Does
malfunctioning of one bone affect the other bone?
3. In the activity #2 was the meaning that you gave to
your symbol the same with the meaning that the
receiver gave? If not , how did this affect you? Do you
feel misunderstood?
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THREE
SOCIAL
THEORIE
S
Structural-
Functional
THEORY
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Theory
• Herbert Spencer, the proponent of
structural-functional, views society
as “a system of interconnected
parts, each with a unique function
• The parts have to work together
for stability and balance of society.
Theory
• Society is compared to the human
body with different but interrelated
parts performing different
functions.
• For instance, there is peace,
stability, equilibrium and harmony
in society if families do their part in
bringing forth children, nurturing
and socializing them;
Theory
if education or schools effectively
transmit knowledge, skills and
values; if politics governs citizens
well; if economics takes care of
food production, distribution of
goods and services and if religion
strengthens the moral fiber of the
members of the society.
Theory
• Failure of one social institution to do
its part means disruption of stability
in society.
• The functionalist theory of education
focuses on how education serves
the need of the society through the
development of the skills.
• Encouraging social cohesion.
Theory
• The role of the school is to prepare
students for participation in the
institutions of the society.
• Education is concerned with
transmission of core values for
social control. It is also concerned
with socializing people by bringing
them together from diverse
backgrounds.
Theory
• The functionalist theory is focused
on social stability and solidarity.
• Functionalists see education as a
beneficial contribution to an
ordered society.
Purposes of Schooling
according to
Functionalists
1. Intellectual purposes
acquisition of cognitive
skills,
inquiry skills
Purposes of Schooling
according to
Functionalists
2. Political purposes
educate future citizen
promote patriotism
promote assimilation of
immigrants
ensure order, public civility and
conformity of laws
Purposes of Schooling
according to
Functionalists
3. Economic purposes
prepare students for later
work roles
select and train the labor
force needed by society
Purposes of Schooling
according to
Functionalists
4. Social purposes
promote a sense of social and
moral responsibility
serve as site for the solution or
resolution of social problems
supplement the efforts of other
institutions of socialization such as
the family and the church
Conflict
THEORY
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2. Conflict
Theory
• there are always two opposing
sides in a conflict situation.
• people take sides between
maintaining the status quo and
introducing change then arrive
at an agreement
2. Conflict
Theory
• Conflict theory welcomes conflict,
for that is the way to the
establishment of a new society.
• Conflict theorists find potential
conflict between any groups where
inequality exists: race, gender,
religion, politics, economics and so
on.
2. Conflict
Theory
• Conflict theorists note that unequal
groups usually have conflicting
values and agenda causing them to
compete against one another.
• This constant competition between
groups forms the basis for the ever-
changing nature of society.
How Proponents of
Conflict Theory
Regard Education
education is not truly a social
benefit or opportunity as seen
by the functionalists
Rather, education is a powerful
means of maintaining power
structures and creating a docile
work force for capitalism
How Proponents of
Conflict Theory
Regard Education
• The purpose of education is to maintain
social inequality and to preserve the
power of those who dominate society
and teach those in the working class to
accept their position as a lower class
worker of society.
• Conflict theorists call this the “hidden
curriculum”.
How Proponents of
Conflict Theory
Regard Education
The hidden curriculum
socializes young people into
obedience and conformity for
them to be developed as docile
workers.
Functionalists disagree strongly. They assert that if schools
teach adherence to policies, obedience to rules, respect for
persons including authorities, punctuality, honesty and civil
right, it is because they are the very principles dear to a
democratic way of life.
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Symbolic-
Interactionist
THEORY
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3. Symbolic interactionist Theory
1. An individual’s action
depends on meaning
We act based on the
meaning we give to
symbols.
Symbols can be action,
objects or words.
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3. Symbolic interactionist Theory
If a student understands that
teacher believes in his/her
capability, he/she tries his/her best
proving indeed that he/she is able.
If the teacher does otherwise, a
student tends to behave in
accordance with teacher’s poor
perception.
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3. Symbolic interactionist Theory
2. Different people may give
different meanings to the same
thing
When teachers are strict, some
students see it is as an
expression of care.
Others may rebel because they
perceive teacher’s behavior as
limiting their moves and
desires.
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3. Symbolic interactionist Theory
3.Meanings change as
individuals interact with
one another
After you have taught well,
your first impression of
teaching as boring is
changed to teaching is
exciting
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Implications to Teaching
promote and create opportunities for genuine
interaction among students and teachers.
It includes reading, listening and viewing.
use positive symbols – in the form of gestures,
words, actions and appearances – to express our
trust, belief in our student’s abilities, an affirmation of
their being.
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Implications to Teaching
people interact with one another through symbols.
people attach meanings to symbols and then they act
according to their subjective interpretation especially
evident
words have a certain meaning for the “sender‟ and during
effective communication, they hopefully have the same
meaning for the receiver.
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Implications to Teaching
words are not static “things”, they
require intention and interpretation.
the sender and the receiver of the
symbol must give the same meaning to
the symbol or run the risk of
misunderstanding.
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