SPORTS -

“BAKETBALL IS A GAME EASY TO PLAY AND DIFFICULT TO MASTER”

BASKETBALL-JAMES NAISMITH
 ABOUT
BASKETBALL

BASKETBALL
Basketball is a game played
between two teams of five players
each on a rectangular court,
usually indoors. Each team tries to
score by tossing the ball through
the opponent's goal, an elevated
horizontal hoop and net called a
basket.
 The National Basketball Association (NBA) was
established in 1946, merging with the National
Basketball League (NBL) in 1949. The sport's
professionalization and the rise of iconic players like
Michael Jordan contributed to its global appeal.
Basketball became an Olympic sport in 1936, and
the NBA emerged as a major influence in the
basketball world.
The game evolved with rule changes, including the
introduction of the shot clock in 1954 and the three-
point line in the late 1970s. Basketball played a role
in the civil rights movement, promoting diversity and
integration.
Women's basketball developed in parallel, with the
HISTORY formation of the Women's National Basketball
Association (WNBA) in 1996. The sport continues to
Basketball, created by Dr. James Naismith in 1891,
thrive globally, with international competitions like
originated as a solution for indoor physical activity
the FIBA Basketball World Cup showcasing top talent.
during the winter months. The first game involved
Basketball's history is marked by iconic figures,
peach baskets as goals, and the sport quickly gained
cultural impact, and a commitment to inclusivity,
popularity. In the early 20th century, basketball spread
making it one of the most popular and widely played
across the United States, with colleges and high schools
sports worldwide.
adopting the game.
OBJECTIVE
BASKETBALL

The primary objective of basketball is to score

more points than the opposing team by
shooting the ball through the opponent's
basket. This is achieved through a combination
of offensive strategies, teamwork, and effective
defensive play. Teams aim to outmaneuver
their opponents by passing, dribbling, and
creating scoring opportunities. Additionally,
successful teams must manage the game
clock, avoid fouls, and employ various offensive
and defensive tactics. The team with the
highest score at the end of the game or
overtime periods is declared the winner.
NATURE OF THE GAME
When a team makes a basket, they score two
Basketball is a team sport. Two teams of five points and the ball goes to the other team. If a
players each try to score by shooting a ball basket, or field goal, is made outside of the three-
through a hoop elevated 10 feet above the point arc, then that basket is worth three points. A
ground. The game is played on a rectangular floor free throw is one point. Free throws are awarded
called the court, and there is a hoop at each end.
to a team according to some formats involving
The court is divided into two main sections by the
the number of fouls committed in a half and or
mid-court line. If the offensive team puts the ball
the type of foul committed. Fouling a shooter
into play behind the mid-court line, it has ten
seconds to get the ball over the mid-court line. If always results in two or three free throws,
it doesn't, then the defense gets the ball. Once depending upon when he shot. If he was beyond
the offensive team gets the ball over the mid- the three-point line, then he gets three shots.
court line, it can no longer have possession of the Other types of fouls do not result in free throws
ball in the area in back of the line. If it does, the being awarded until a certain number have
defense is awarded the ball. The ball is moved accumulated during a half. Once that number is
down the court toward the basket by passing or reached, then the player who was fouled is
dribbling. The team with the ball is called the awarded a '1-and-1' opportunity. If he makes his
offense. The team without the ball is called the
first free throw, he gets to attempt a second. If he
defense. They try to steal the ball, contest shots,
misses the first shot, the ball is live on the
steal and deflect passes, and garner rebounds.
rebound.
NATURE OF THE GAME
Each team will assign a basket or
Each game is divided into sections. goal to defend. This means that the
All levels have two halves. In college, other basket is their scoring basket. At
each half is twenty minutes long. In halftime, the teams switch goals. The
high school and below, the halves are game begins with one player from
divided into eight (and sometimes, six) either team at center court. A referee
minute quarters. In the pros, quarters will toss the ball up between the two.
are twelve minutes. There is a gap of The player that gets his hands on the
several minutes between halves. Gaps ball will tip it to a teammate. This is
between quarters are relatively short. If called a tip-off. In addition to stealing
the score is tied at the end of the ball from an opposing player, there
regulation, then overtime periods of are other ways for a team to get the
various lengths are played until a ball. One such way is if the other team
winner emerges. commits a foul or violation.
RECENT DEVELOPMENT
From humble beginnings in North Worldwide, basketball tournaments
America, Basketball has grown into ose of are held for boys and girls of all age
the most popular team sports in the levels. The global popularity of the
world. It's a truly global game: the sport is reflected in the nationalities
National Basketball Association (NBA) in represented in the NBA. Players from all
the USA, the world's leading professional six inhabited continents currently play
league, features players from more than in the NBA. Top international players
30 countries. began coming into the NBA in the mid
Men's Basketball first appeared on the 1990s, including Croatians Dražen
Olympic programme at the Berlin 1936 Petrović and Toni Kukoć, Serbian Vlade
Games, with the women's event Divac, Lithuanians Arvydas Sabonis and
introduced at Montreal 1976. Professional
Šarūnas Marčiulionis and German
players first competed at the Barcelona
Detlef Schrempf.
1992 Games, when the famous US 'Dream
Team won gold in the men's event.
RECENT DEVELOPMENT The only players on either team to
never have Joined the NBA are Cameron
The all-tournament teams at the 2002
and Papaloukas. The all-tournament team
and 2006 FIBA World Championships,
from the 2010 edition in Turkey featured
respectively held in Indianapolis and
four NBA players-MVP Kevin Durant of Team
Japan, demonstrate the globalization of
USA and the Oklahoma City Thunder, Linas
the game equally dramatically. Only one Kleiza of Lithuania and the Toronto Raptors,
member of either team was American, Luis Scola of Argentina and the Houston
namely Carmelo Anthony in 2006. The Rockets, and Hedo Türkoğlu of Turkey and
2002 team featured Nowitzki, Ginobili, the Phoenix Suns. The only non-NBA player
Yao, Peja Stojakovic of Yugoslavia (now of was Serbia's Miloš Teodosić. The strength of
Serbia), and Pero Cameron of New international Basketball is evident in the
Zealand. Ginobili also made the 2006 fact that Team USA won none of the three
team, the other members were Anthony, world championships held between 1998
Gasol, his Spanish teammate Jorge and 2006, with Serbia (then known as
Garbajosa and Theodoros Papaloukas of Yugoslavia) winning in 1998 and 2002 and
Greece Spain in 2006.
RECENT DEVELOPMENT

In the Philippines, the Philippine Basketball Association's first

game was played on April 9, 1975 at the Araneta Coliseum in
Cubao, Quezon City. Philippines. It was founded as a "rebellion" of
several teams from the now- defunct Manila Industrial and
Commercial Athletic Association which was tightly controlled by the
Basketball Association of the Philippines (now defunct), the then-
FIBA recognized national association. Nine teams from the MICAA
participated in the league's first season that opened on April 9,
1975.
TERMINOLOGY
• Backcourt: The half of the court a team is defending. The opposite of the frontcourt.
• Bank shot: A shot that hits the backboard before hitting the rim or going through the net.
• Baseline: The line that marks the playing boundary at each end of the court Also called endline.
• Block: To tip or deflect a shoter's shot, altering its flight so the shot misses.
• Bounce Pass: A pass that bounces once before reaching the receiver.
• Box Out: To make contact with an opposing player to establish rebounding position between tha
player and the ball.
• Chest Pass: A pass thrown from the passer's chest to a teammates' chest.
• Control dribble: A dribble maneuver in which the player keeps his body between the defender's
body and the ball.
• Crossover dribble: A dribbling maneuver in which a player dribbles the ball in fron of his body so
he can change the ball from one hand to the other.
• Cut: A sudden running movement to get open for a pass.
• Defensive rebound: A rebound made off a missed shot at the basket a team is defending.
• Dribble: To advance the ball by bouncing it on the floor.
• Field goal: A 2-point or 3-point basket.
• Foul: A violation of the rules.
• Free throw: An uncontested shot taken from the free throw line as a result of a foul.
TERMINOLOGY
11. Frontcourt. A team's offensive half of the court.
12. Hook shot. A one handed shot taken with a sweeping, windmill motion,
13. Hoop. The basket or rim
14. Jump shot. A shot in which the shooter faces the basket and releases the bat after jumping into
the air. 15. Layup. A shot taken next to the basket in which the shooter extends his arm lifts his
same-side knee, and aims the ball at the upper corner of the painted square on the board.
16.Offensive Rebound. A rebound at the basket a team is attacking.
17. Open stance. The stance used to play help-side defense (feet apart, body balanced, knees bent,
arms out). Also called a defensive stance.
18. Rebound. A missed shot that comes off th backboard or rim.
19. Speed dribble. A dribbling maneuver in which the player pushes the ball ahead of her and
bounces it at chest height
20. 3-Point arc. A line drawn on the court 19 feet, 19 inches from the basket.
21. 3-Point shot. A shot taken from outside the 3-point arc.
23. Travelling. A violation that occurs when the player with the ball takes too many steps without
dribbling.
24. Zone defense. A team defense in which players are assigned to guard specific areas (or "zones")
of the court.
25. Zone offense. A team offense used against a zone defense.
 NEEDS:

EQUIPMENTS: • Basketball Court

8.Sounds Signal
• Basketball Hoop
Device
• Backboard
8. Protective Gear
• Basketball Net
9. Whistle
• Basketball Court
10.Shot Clock
Markings
11.First Aid Kit
• Basketball Shoes
12. Scoreboard
• Basketball
13. Timer
Uniform
14. Alternating
• Backboard
arrow
support
w/padding
 The playing court shall have a flat, hard surface free
from obstructions with dimensions of twenty-eight (28) m
in length by fifteen (15) m in width measured from the
THE BASKETBALL COURT inner edge of the boundary line.
Backcourt
A team's backcourt consist of its team's own basket,
the inhounds part of the backboard and that part of the
playing court limited by the endline behind the team's
own basket, the sidelines and the centre line.
Front court
A team's frontcourt consists of the opponent's basket,
the inbounds part of the backboard and that part of the
playing court limited by the endline behind the
opponent's basket, the sidelines and the inner edge of
the centre line nearest to the opponent's basket
Lines
All lines shall be drawn in white color, five (5) cm in
width and clearly visible. This includes the boundary line,
centre line, centre circle and free-throw semi circles,
free-throw lines,
Team Bench Area
The team bench areas shall be marked outside the
playing court limited by two (2) lines. There must be 14
seats available in the team bench area for the coaches,
the assitant coaches, the substitutes and the team
followers. Any other persons shall be at least two (2) m
behind the team bench.
EQUIPMENTS:
EQUIPMENTS:
POSITIONS:
There are five positions in the game of basketball, allowing for 10 players on the
court at once, and 5 for each team.
1.Point Guard
-Mainly responsible for ball-handling and passing, generally to the shooting guard or
the center. Offensively can create openings in a defense through quick penetration
and layups. Defensively, they generally harass the opposing point guard and can
optionally drop down to double-team threatening post players.
2. Shooting Guard
-Generally the first or second offensive option on a team, the shooting guard
primarily shoots the ball, but can also be a secondary ball-handler and distributor.
Often, shooting guards have range out beyond the three-point arc and primarily
move off-ball, only receiving the ball to catch and shoot. Defensively, they are
usually used to slow down the opposing shooting guard, but can be moved to cover
either the 1 or the 3 depending on the situation due to their size. Also referred to as
the "2" position.
POSITIONS:
There are five positions in the game of basketball, allowing for 10 players on the
court at once, and 5 for each team.
3. Small Forward
-Generally the most versatile position in terms of both offense and defense, the
small forward can fill any number of roles, from defensive stopper, to passer and
distributor, to offensive firecracker. Small forwards can generally cover any other
player on the floor except for the center and some power forwards. Also referred to
as the "3"Forward
4. Power position.
-Mainly responsible for rebounding as well as a secondary inside threat, the power
forward can fill any number of roles depending on the team. Usually they are a
reliable post presence with the additional ability of being able to shoot from mid-
range, and can defend both opposing power forwards and centers. They are also
typically quite capable of shot-blocking and performing a lot of the tasks that a
center normally would. Also referred to as the "4" position.
POSITIONS:
There are five positions in the game of basketball, allowing for 10 players on the
court at once, and 5 for each team.
5. Center
-The man in the middle. The center is
usually the biggest and most imposing
player on the floor. Defensively it falls
to them to defend the rim against
attacking guards and also to defend
opposing centers and power forwards in
the post. Offensively they are often a
primary option, though their greatest
contributions typically fall on the
defensive end. Also referred to as the
"5" position
 Passing
is the key to successful basketball. A
successful team must be able to handle,
control, and move the ball down court
quickly and accurately to create scoring
opportunities. First, learn to catch as well as
pass. When the ball is thrown to you, spread
the fingers but keep them relaxed. When the
ball hits the fingers, let the arms give
slightly toward the body. When the ball is
under control, finger it into the passing
BASIC SKILLS position by placing the hands on each side
of the ball so that you can get it away
Basketball involves a combination of fundamental
quickly or get set for a shot (Mood et. al,
skills that players must develop to become
effective on the court. Here are some basic skills 1999).
in basketball;
 When the pass is thrown, the fingers are
rotated behind the ball and the thumbs are
turned down. The result follow through the back
of the hands facing one another with the
thumbs straight down. The ball should have a
nice backspin. When throwing a chest pass, the
players should strive to throw it to the
receiver's chest level. Passes that go low to high
or high to low are difficult to catch.

Simple procedure
BASIC PASSES Hold the ball with both hands, elbows close to
the body, fingers spread with thumbs pointed
inward. Step toward the receiver and whip the
Chest Pass
ball with a strong wrist snap and push of
The chest pass is named because the pass
originates from the chest. It is thrown by gripping thumbs and fingers, making the arms follow
the ball on the sides with the thumbs directly through in the direction of the pass.
behind the ball.
Two Hand Bounce BOUNCE PASS
Pass The bounce pass is thrown with the same motion
however it is aimed at the floor. It. should be thrown
far enough out that the ball bounces waist high to
the receiver. Some say try to throw it 3/4 of the way
to the receiver, and that may be a good reference
point to start, but each player has to experiment
how far to throw it so it bounces to the receiver
properly. Putting a proper and consistent backspin
on the pass will make the distance easier to judge.
Simple Procedure
For the two-handed bounce pass, hold the ball in
much the same manner as for the chest pass
except somewhat lower, about waist high. Then
push the ball out and down with enough force and
the ball bounces to the teammate. The one-hand
bounce pass is often executed directly from the
dribble. The bounce pass should be used for short
One Hand Bounce passes and it should travel between one half and
three quarters of the distance in the air
Pass
 The overhead pass is often used as an outlet
pass. Bring the ball directly above your
forehead with both hands on the side of the
ball and follow through. Aim for the
teammate's chin. Some coaches advise not to
bring the ball behind your head, because it
can get stolen and it takes a split-second
longer to throw the pass.

SIMPLE PROCEDURE
OVERHEAD PASS Hold and throw the ball with both hands.
Bring the ball well above and slightly behind
the head with both hands and release it with a
strong wrist snap and extension of the arms.
Arms and hands follow through the direction
of the pass.
 It consists of bouncing the ball on the floor
continuously with one hand while walking or running
down the court.
The dribble allows for much faster advancement and
thus more opportunities for scoring. It also provides
an opportunity for a crafty player on the opposing
team to "steal" the ball in mid-bounce. Once a
player stops dribbling the ball and holds it, the
player normally must either pass it to another
player or take a shot; if the player dribbles and then
holds the ball in any way (either grasping it with his
hands or arms, or "palming" it, i.e. holding It too

DRIBBLING much toward its underside during the act of

dribbling) then continues to dribble, then the referee
Dribbling is the legal method of advancing
stops the play, signals either "double dribble" or
the ball by oneself, as opposed passing it to "carrying", and turns the ball over to the other
another player or shooting for the basket. team. A "double dribble" may also be called if the
player tries to dribble with both hands at the same
 HIGH
DRIBBLE

A high dribble is a normal dribble, usually used

when there are no defenders around you to steal
the ball.

In low dribble, the player keeps the ball low to

the floor, thus decreasing the area between the
hand and the floor, making it more difficult to
steal

LOW
 SPEED
DRIBBLE Speed dribble is dribbling the ball faster than usual while
achieving some distance in the court. It is used to advance
the ball quickly up the floor, against little or no defensive
pressure. The dribblers hand should be behind the ball
pushing it in front, then running to catch up. This prevents a
"palming" or "carrying over" violation. The speed dribble in
the open floor can be a little higher than other dribbles.
Control dribble moves should be around the knee, but a
speed dribble can be waist high

Simply, the crossover dribble to switch dribbling from one

hand to the other, by bouncing the ball in front of you across
to the other side. Then the other hand pick up the ball and
dribbling with the opposite hand. You can use this dribble to
quickly change direction on the court. For example, you could
be on the point, dribbling with your right hand to the right
wing, then suddenly crossover the dribble to the left and drive
CROSSOVER up the lane
 Typically, a player faces the basket with both
feet facing the basket. A player will rest the ball
on the fingertips of the dominant hand (the
shooting arm) slightly above the head, with the
other hand supporting the side of the ball. The
ball is usually shot by jumping (though not
always) and extending the shooting arm. The
shooting arm, fully extended with the wrist fully
bent is held stationary for a moment following
the release of the ball, known as a follow-
through. Players often try to put a steady
backspin on the ball to absorb its impact with
SHOOTING the rim. The ideal trajectory of the shot is
Shooting is the act of attempting to score
somewhat controversial, but generally a proper
points by throwing the ball through the arc is recommended. Players may shoot
basket, methods varying with players and directly into the basket or may use the
situations. backboard to redirect the ball into the basket.
 The lay-up is the most basic and high
percentage shot in basketball. This is
executed by bringing up the knee and
jumping off from the left foot (for a right
handed individual), leaping high into
the air, shifting the ball to the shooting
hand, and raising the shooting hand as
high as possible above and in front of
the head. This is followed by releasing
of the ball off the fingertips, laying it
softly against the back-board for the
THE LAY UP shot and not to remove the balancing
hand too soon.
 The jump shot is the most essential and
fundamental tool in the basketball
arsenal. It is often executed from a
dribble, but players should able to
accomplish in almost any situation.
Come to a stop from the dribble and
executed and controlled jump. At the
same time, bring the ball overhead,
with the shooting hand behind and the
elbow of the shooting arm under the
ball and the other hand in front. At the
THE JUMPSHOT peak of the leap, remove balance hand
and release the ball with extension of
the right forearm and good wrist
extension.
 To begin the shot, crouch down with your
FOLLOW-
THROUGH PHASE knees apart and face the basket. Your
shooting hand should be behind the ball
PREPARATION EXECUTION
PHASE PHASE with the wrist cocked. If you are a right-
hand shooter, your right leg should be just
ahead of your left as your knees bend. Make
sure your shooting hand is facing the
basket. Start the shot by straightening your
legs and transfer your weight slightly
forwards. With the ball in front of you, see
yourself as springing up towards the basket.
SET “FREE THROW SHOT Pump your arm upwards so it straightens
and aim to lift yourself up on to your toes.
This shot is used when you are standing still
Use your non-shooting hand to guide the
and close to the basket. It is also the
technique used for a free throw an
ball and release it by flicking your wrist and
unopposed shot awarded after an opposing fingers of your shooting hand. Aim for the
foul, and taken from the free-throw line. ball to loop quite high and concentrate on
having a smooth and continuous action.
 THE THREE POINTER BANK SHOT THE HOOK
The hookSHOT
shot is a shot which is difficult
The three pointer, also Bank shot is a shot taken to defend, hard to block, and still a high
percentage shot. To execute the hook
known as the trifecta, off the window or off the shot, one has to hold the ball high with
the trey, the triple, the glass. It is the highest both hands, bring the ball to the right
side opposite the basket, and remove the
shot from beyond the percentage shot in balance hand (left). Then shoot with a full
arc, dial in from long basketball. sweep of the right arm, keeping the arm
perfectly straight. The ball is release
distance. farthest from the guard, making the shot
difficult to block.
 Rebounding is the act of gaining control of a
missed shot that comes off the backboard or
rim. In executing a play, the offense can do
everything right, and yet the shot may still
bounce off the rim. On the defensive side,
making the offense miss a a shot is great,
but only if the defense is able to
immediately obtain possesion of the ball.
REBOUNDING Rebounding-regaining control of the ball
after a missed shot-is critical skill that will
enable both sides to run and defend the
plays with confidence.
 Blocking out (boxing out) is to make
contact with an opposing player to
establish rebounding position between the
player and the ball. It will increase a
player's chance of grabbing a rebound. As
soon as the shot is taken, each defensive
player has to locate an opposing player to
block out. This is usually the offensive
player he has been assigned to guard. The
player should be aggressive, and use two
hands to grab the rebound, then land and
protect the ball by tucking it near to his
BLOCKING OUT chin with his elbows out The player should
then immediately look for the next scoring
or playmaking opportunity, depending on
whether it's a defensive or offensive
rebound (Dunphy, 2010).
 A defensive rebound is a rebound
seized by a defender after a missed
shot by an opposing player. Once in
possession of the ball, the
defensive team becomes an
offensive team, and the rebounder
typically pivots away from any
defender on the ball and then
DEFENSIVE REBOUND makes an outlet pass to a ball
handler who dribbles the ball past
midcourt into the offensive zone.
 An offensive rebound is a
rebound seized by an
offensive player after a
missed shot by his
teammate. Offensive
rebounds give the offensive
OFFENSIVE REBOUND team a fresh start toward
another scoring opportunity.
RULES OF THE
GAME
• Rules often change, so players and coaches must keep abreast of these changes from
time to time. The latest update was approved in April 29, 2012 during the FIBA Central
Board meeting at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The FIBA Official Basketball Rules for 2012
which took effect October 1, 2012 is the latest reference for both athletes and coaches
throughout the world.
• Following are important rules extracted from the FIBA 2012 Rules. For the details of
each rule, the student or coach may refer to the full text of the international rule.
1. TEAMS
Each team shall consist of no more than 12 team members entitled to play, including a
captain, a coach and assistant coach. A maximum of 5 team followers who may sit on the
team bench and have special responsibilities, e.g. manager, doctor, physiotherapist,
statistician, interpreter, etc. Five players from each team shall be on the playing court
during playing time and may be substituted. A substitute becomes a player and a player
becomes substitute when the official beckons the substitute to enter the playing the court
and during a time-out or an interval of play, a substitute requests the substitution to the
scorer.
2. PLAYING REGULATIONS
a. Playing Time
The game shall consist of four (4) periods of ten (10) minutes There shall be interval of play of twenty (20)
minutes before the game is scheduled to begin. There shall be intervals of play of two (2) minutes between the
first and second period (first half), between the third and fourth period (second half) and before each extra period
Further, there shall be a half-time interval of play of fifteen (15) minutes.
b. Status of the ball
The ball becomes alive when:
During the jump ball, the ball leaves the hand(s) of the referee on the toss.
During a free-throw, the ball is at the disposal of the free-throw shooter.
During a throw-in, the ball is at the disposal of the player taking the throw-in.
The ball becomes dead when:
• Any field goal or free throw is made.
• An official blows his whistle while the ball is live.
• It is apparent that the ball will not enter the basket on a free throw which is to be followed by:
-Another free throw(s)
-A fusther penalty (free throw(s) or possession).
• The game clock signals sound for the end of the period.
• He twenty-four (24) second clock signal sounds while a team is in control of the ball.
• The ball in flight on a shot for a field goal is touched by a player from either team after:
-An official blows his whistle.
-The game clock signal sounds for the end of the period.
-The twenty-four (24) second clock signal sounds.
3. VIOLATIONS
Definition
A violation is an infraction of the rules.
Penalty
• The ball shall be awarded to the opponents for a throw-in at the place nearest to the infraction,
except directly behind the backboard, unless otherwise stated in the rules.
• A player is out-of-bounds when any part of his body is contact with the floor or any object other
than a player, on, above or outside the boundary line.
The ball is out-of-bounds when it touches:
• A player or any other person who is out-of-bounds
• The floor or any object on, above or outside the boundary line.
• The backboard supports, the back of the backboards or any object above the playing court.
Dribbling
A dribble is the movement of a live ball caused by a player in control of that ball who throws, taps,
rolls the ball on the floor or deliberately throws it against the backboard.
A player shall not dribble a second time after his first dribble has ended unless between the (2)
dribbles he has lost control of a live ball on the playing court because of:
• A shot for a field goal.
• A touch of the ball by an opponent
• A pass or fumble that has touched or been touched by another
Three seconds
A player shall not remain in the opponents' restricted area for murs than three (3) consecutive
seconds while his team is in control of a live ball in the frontcourt and the game clock is running.
Eight seconds
• Whenever: A player gains control of a live ball in his backcourt,
• On a throw-in, the ball touches or is illegally touched by any player in the backcourt and the team
of that player taking the throw-in remains in control of the ball in its backcourt, That team must
cause the ball to go into its frontcourt within eight (8) seconds.
Twenty-four seconds
Whenever:
• A player gains control of a live ball on the playing court,
• On a throw-in the ball touches or is illegally touched by any player on the playing court and the
team of that player taking the throw-in remains in control of the ball, that team must attempt a
shot for a filed goal within twenty four (24) seconds.
Ball returned to the backcourt
The ball goes into a team's backcourt when:
• It touches the backcourt.
• It touches or is legally touched by an offensive player who has part of is body in contact with the
backcourt.
• It touches an oficial who has part of his body in contact with the backcourt.
4. FOULS
A foul is an infraction of the rules concerning illegal personal contact with an opponent
and/or unsportsmanlike behaviour.
Any number of fouls may be called against a team. Irrespective of the penalty, each
foul shall be charged, entered on the scoresheet against the offender and penalised
accordingly.
Personal foul is a player's contact foul with an opponent, whether the ball is live or
dead. A player shall not block, push, charge, trip, or impede the progress of an
opponent by extending his hand, arm, elbow, shoulder, hip, leg, knee or foot, nor by
bending his body into an 'abnormal position (outside his cylinder), nor shall he indulge
in any rough or violently play.
Double foul is a situation in which two (2) opponents commit personal fouls agianst
each other at approximately the same time.
Unsportsmanlike foul is a player contact foul which, in the judgement of an official, is
not a legitimate attempt to directly play the ball within the spirit and intent of the
rules. Disqualifying foul is any flagarantly unsportsmanlike action of a player,
substitute, excluded player, coach, assistant coach or team follower.
Technical foul is a player non-contact foul of a behavioral in nature including, but not
limited to:
• Disregarding warnings given by officials
• Disrespectfully touching the officials, the commissioner, the table officials
or the team bench personnel
• Disrespectfully communicating with the officials, the commissioner, the
table officials or the opponents.
• Using language or gestures likely to offend or incite the spectators Baiting
an opponent or obstructing his vision by waiving his hands near his eyes.
• Excessive swinging of elbows.
• Delaying the game by deliberately touching the ball after it passes through
the basket or by preventing a throw-in from being taken promptly
• Falling down to to fake a foul.
• Hanging on the ring in such a way that the weight of the player is
supported by the ring, unless a player grasps the ring momentarily
following a dunk shot or, in the judgment of an official, is trying to prevent
injury to himself or to another player.
• Charging is illegal personal contact, with or without the ball, by pushing or
moving into an opponent's torso.
• Blocking is illegal personal contact which impedes the progress of an
opponent with or without the ball.
• Holding is illegal personal contact with an opponent that interferes with his
freedom of movement. This contact (holding) can occur with any part of the
body
• Pushing is illegal personal contact with any part of the body in which a
player forcibly moves or attempts to move an opponent with or without
control of the ball.
• Illegal use of the hand (s) or extended arm (s) occurs when defensive
player is in a guarding position and his hand(s) or arm (s) is placed upon
and remains in contact with an opponent with or without the ball, to
impede progress.
• Illegal guarding from the rear is personal contact with an opponent. by a
defensive player, from behind. The fact that the defensive player is
attempting to play the ball does not justify his contact with an opponent
5. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Five fouls by a player
A player who has committed five (5) fouls, personal and/or technical, shall be
informed thereof by an official and must leave the game immediately. He must be
substituted within thirty (30) seconds.
Team fouls: Penalty
• A team is in team foul penalty situation when it has committed four (4) team
fouls in a period.
Free throws
• A free throw is an opportunity given to a player to score one (1) point,
uncontested, from a position behind the free throw line and inside the semi-
circle.
When a personal foul is called the free throw(s) shall be awarded as follows:
• The player against whom the foul was committed shall attempt the free throw
(s)
• If there is a request for him to be substituted, he must attempt the free throw (s)
before leaving the game.
• If he must leave the game due to injury, having committed his five (5) fouls or
When a technical foul is called, any member of the opponent's team as designated by his coach shall
attempt the free throws.
CORRECTABLE ERRORS
Officials may correct an error if a rule is inadvertently disregarded in the following situations only:
• Awarding an unremitted free throw(s).
• Failure to award a merited free throw(s).
• Erroneous awarding or cancelling of a point(s)
• Permitting the wrong payer to attempt a free throw(s)
6. OFFICIALS, TABLE OFFICIALS, COMMISSIONERS DUTIES & POWERS The officials shall be a referee and
one (1) or two (2) umpire (s). They shall be assisted by the table officials and by a commissioner, if
present. The table officials shall be a scorer, an assistant scorer, a timer and a twenty-four (24) seconds
clock operator. The commissioner shal sit between the scorer and the timer. His primary duty during the
game is to supervise the work of the table officials and to assist the referee and umpire(s) in the smooth
functioning of the game.
• The officials, the table officials and the commissioner shall conduct the game in accordance with
these rules and have no authority to change them. The official's uniform shall consist of an officials'
shirt, long balck trousers, black socks and black basketball shoes. The officials and the table officials
shall be uniformly dressed.
• The officials, the table officials and the commissioner shall conduct the game in accordance with
these rules and have no authority to change them. The official's uniform shall consist of an officials'
shirt, long balck trousers, black socks and black basketball shoes. The officials and the table officials
OFFICIALS
SIGNALS: