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3 Hearing Impairment

The document discusses visual and hearing impairments, detailing types, causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatments, and nursing care for each condition. Visual impairments include myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, amblyopia, and strabismus, while hearing impairments are categorized into conductive and sensory neural hearing loss. Treatment options range from corrective lenses and surgery for visual issues to hearing aids and cochlear implants for hearing loss, along with nursing management strategies for both conditions.

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Chennah Rose Abacial
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9 views25 pages

3 Hearing Impairment

The document discusses visual and hearing impairments, detailing types, causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatments, and nursing care for each condition. Visual impairments include myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, amblyopia, and strabismus, while hearing impairments are categorized into conductive and sensory neural hearing loss. Treatment options range from corrective lenses and surgery for visual issues to hearing aids and cochlear implants for hearing loss, along with nursing management strategies for both conditions.

Uploaded by

Chennah Rose Abacial
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HEARING

IMPAIRMENT
INTRODUCTION
VISUAL IMPAIRMENT

1. Myopia – nearsightedness
2. Hyperopia – farsightedness
3. Astigmatism – unequal curvature of
the lens and cornea causing blurred
vision
VISUAL IMPAIRMENT

4. Amblyopia – lazy eye where there is


decreased visual acuity in one eye
5. Strabismus – misalignment of the eyes that
causes either inward or outward deviation due
to the issue in the nerve or muscle that
controls the eye
VISUAL IMPAIRMENT – SIGNS &
SYMPTOMS
1. Complain of Headache and dizziness
2. Squinting
3. Excess tearing
4. Rubbing the eyes
VISUAL IMPAIRMENT – DX EXAM

1. Use ophthalmoscope
2. Snellen Chart
3. Tumbling E chart or picture chart where
the child will stand 10 feet away from the
chart
VISUAL IMPAIRMENT – DIAGNOSTIC
For strabismus
1. Eye cover test
Cover the good eye
 Tell the patient to look straight at you
 Cover the good eye
 If the other eye starts to move tracking an
object there is the deviation of the eye
alignment
VISUAL IMPAIRMENT – DIAGNOSTIC
For strabismus
2. Corneal light reflex
Shine a light into the eyes while the
patient is looking straight ahead of you
Observe the alignment of the light
reflection in the cornea
VISUAL IMPAIRMENT – TREATMENT
1. Contact lenses
2. Glasses
3. Laser surgery
4. Patching the good eye (occlusion
therapy) so that the strabismus eye will
work harder to focus and to keep the
eye aligned
VISUAL IMPAIRMENT – NURSING CARE
1. Provide adequate light
2. Orient the patient to their
surroundings – to promote
independence
HEARING IMPAIRMENT
HEARING IMPAIRMENT – TWO TYPES OF
HEARING LOSS

1. Conductive neural hearing loss


2. Sensory neural hearing loss
HEARING IMPAIRMENT – TWO TYPES OF
HEARING LOSS

1. Conductive neural hearing loss


Issue with the transmission of
sound getting into the cochlea or
in the middle ear
CONDUCTIVE NEURAL HEARING LOSS
– CAUSE

1. Recurrent middle ear infections –


otitis media
HEARING IMPAIRMENT – TWO TYPES OF
HEARING LOSS

2. Sensory neural hearing loss


Damage to the inner ear or the
auditory nerve
SENSORY NEURAL HEARING LOSS–
CAUSE

1. Congenital defects
2. Autotoxic medications
3. Infections
4. Exposure to excessive noise
SENSORY NEURAL HEARING LOSS–
SYMPTOMS
In infants
1. Lacks of the startle reflex
2. Not babbling in different kind of
sound or failed in the newborn
hearing test
SENSORY NEURAL HEARING LOSS–
SYMPTOMS
In children
1. Speech delay
2. Speak in a monotonous voice
3. Yell all the time
4. Inattentive
5. Shy
6. withdrawn
HEARING IMPAIRMENT – TREATMENT
CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS

1. Myringotomy – for otitis media


Incision in the tympanic membrane
or the eardrum, tubes are placed,
excess fluid is drained out
HEARING IMPAIRMENT – TREATMENT
CONDUCTIVE HEARING LOSS

2. Hearing aid
HEARING IMPAIRMENT – TREATMENT
SENSORY NEURAL HEARING LOSS

1. Cochlear implant
HEARING IMPAIRMENT – NURSING
MANAGEMENT

1. Patient
2. Refer to a speech therapist
3. Encourage parents to get yearly hearing
screenings for their child
HEARING IMPAIRMENT – NURSING
MANAGEMENT

4. Advise parents to prevent exposure to


hazardous noises and provide ear protection
ASSESSMENT

1. What disorder is characterized by an


eye’s inward or outward deviation?
2. What treatment is used for strabismus?
Occlusion therapy
ASSESSMENT

3. What type of hearing loss is caused by


the damage to the inner ear or auditory
nerve? Sensorineural hearing loss

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