LET’S TRY!

Find the following words inside the box: fuse, cell, conductor, bulb, switch and battery.
Utilize,
Enhance and
Store Your
Data
ICT LESSON 14
 PERFORMING COMPUTER
OPERATIONS
 TYPES OF PROGRAM / APPLICATION SOFTWARE
THREE CATEGORIES OF SOFTWARE
1. SYSTEM SOFTWARE
 Operating System - is a collection of programs that perform a
variety of tasks or functions.
2. APPLICATION SOFTWARE
 Word processing - technology today make it possible to enjoy
typing effectively. The typist will no longer suffer the agony of
retyping the text to produce clean and a neat draft
WORD PROCESSING
 WEB BROWSERS

A browser is an application that enables users with an

Internet connection to access and view webpages on a
computer or mobile device – Internet-capable mobile
devices such as smartphones use a special type of
browser, called a mobile browser
 THE WORLD WIDE WEB

 • The World Wide Web (WWW), or web, consists of a worldwide

collection of electronic documents (webpages)
 • A website is a collection of related webpages and associated items
 • A web server is a computer that delivers requested webpages to
your computer or mobile device
 • HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a set of symbols that
developers use to specify the headings, paragraphs, images, links,
and other content elements that a webpage contains
 • A web app is an application stored on a web server that you access
through a browser
THE WORLD WIDE
WEB
THE INTERNET
 THE WORLD WIDE WEB

 TheInternet is a worldwide collection of networks that

connects millions of businesses, government agencies,
educational institutions, and individuals
 TheInternet originated as ARPANET in September 1969
and had two main goals:
 THE WORLD WIDE WEB

 Allowscientists at different physical locations to share

information and work together.
 Functioneven if part of the network were disabled or
destroyed by a disaster.
THE INTERNET
 DATA PROCESSING
Data is defined as a collection of raw
and unprocessed facts. Since it is still
raw, it needs to be seamed to other data.
The data must be manipulated and
processed to achieve a desirable result
and turn it into more useful information.
 DATA PROCESSING
 Data Processing is a process of manipulating data to make it more
useful forms. It does not only consist of mathematical calculations
but also data operations. The term data processing is a cumulative
technique for the collection of data to acquire certain objectives.
 DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE
 The data processing cycle performs three (3) basic functions: Input,
Process, Output. Any type of data to be processed regardless of type
of device used, either through a manual operation or electronic
operation, comprises these basic steps.
 DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE
 Input - This steps initially gathers and prepares data to be entered into a
computer for processing. This type of data is commonly called as the input data.
There are certain computer input devices used to collect data such as microphone,
mouse, keyboard and others. The most commonly used input devices for entering
data into a computer is by typing on a keyboard.
 DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE
 Processing - This is the operation of manipulating and
transforming data into useful information. The data are
manipulated and changed in this step. Arithmetic
operations, logic operations or simple data movement can
also be included in this function. Data in computer system
are represented using binary digits 1 and 0. When you
enter letter A in the keyboard it doesn’t mean that the one
being process is A. the binary form of A is 1010. It is in the
Processing block that these binary digits are converted into
letters for them to be understood by humans.
 DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE
 Output - This is the result of the processing function. Once the data
have been manipulated and processed into information, the
computer must then produce and present the information into a
format acceptable to the user.
 EXPANDED DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE

There are three (3) more steps

added to the basic data
processing cycle and these are:
Origination, Distribution and
Storage.
 EXPANDED DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE
Origination - It is a process of collecting
the source document often referred to as
the original data. It is important to keep
the source documents for reference
purposes in case errors occur during the
processing steps
 EXPANDED DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE
Distribution - In this steps, the output
data or the result which is often referred
to as report documents will be
distributed.
 EXPANDED DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE
Storage - It is important that the result
of data processing are kept in a storage
device to be retrieved, modified or used
as input data for further processing.
EXPANDED DATA PROCESSING
CYCLE
 DATA PROCESSING
OPERATION
(checking and saving information )
 RECORDING –refers to the transfer of data from one form to another.
Numbers or figures and facts resulting from the operation are
documented.
 VERIFYING – refers to the checking of data for any errors or
discrepancy because most data are recorded manually.
 DUPLICATING – is the reproduction of data into many forms.
 CLASSIFYING – it separates data into its distinctive categories
 SORTING – refers to the arranging of data in specific order. Orders
may be cardinal, ordinal, alphabetical or lexicographic order.
 CALCULATION – refers to the arithmetic calculation of data.
 DATA PROCESSING
OPERATION
(checking and saving information )
 SUMMARIZING and REPORTING – the data are condensed to their
meaningful forms.
 MERGING – is the putting together of two or more sets of data with
the same key to be one set of data.
 STORING – is the saving of data into files for future reference.
 RETRIEVING – refers to the recovering of stored data and/or
information when needed.
 FEEDBACK – is the operation that compares the result to the
objectives set.