Decision Making
Sumaiya Tanjil Khan
Lecturer
Department of CSE
Uttara University
Simple if Statement
🞆 In a simple ‘if’ statement, a condition is tested
🞆 If the condition is true, a set of statements are executed
🞆 If the condition is false, the statements are not executed
and the program control goes to the next statement that
immediately follows if block
C# has the following conditional statements:
● Use if to specify a block of code to be executed, if a specified condition is true
● Use else to specify a block of code to be executed, if the same condition is false
● Use else if to specify a new condition to test, if the first condition is false
● Use switch to specify many alternative blocks of code to be executed
Syntax
The syntax of the if statement in C# programming is:
if (condition)
{
// statements to be executed if the test expression is true
}
Flow Chart
Example
else Statement
🞂 In simple ‘if’ statement, when the condition is true, a set
of statements are executed. But when it is false, there is no
alternate set of statements
🞂 The statement ‘else’ provides the same
Syntax
if (condition)
{
Statement-1;
}
else
{
Statement-2;
}
Example
Example
int time = 20;
if (time < 18)
{
Console.WriteLine("Good day.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Good evening.");
}
else if Statement
The else..if statement is useful when you need to check multiple
conditions within the program, nesting of if-else blocks can be
avoided using else..if statement.
Syntax
if (condition-1)
{
Statement-1;
}
else if (condition-2)
{
Statement-2;
}
………………………………
else if (condition-n)
{
Statement-n;
}
else
{
Statement set-x;
Example
int time = 22;
if (time < 10)
{
Console.WriteLine("Good morning.");
}
else if (time < 20)
{
Console.WriteLine("Good day.");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Good evening.");
}
Nested if
• When an if else statement is present inside the
body of another “if” or “else” then this is
called nested if else.
Syntax of Nested if else statement
if (condition)
{
if (condition 1)
{
Statement-1;
}
else
{
Statement -2;
}
}
else
{
if (condition 3)
{
Statement-3;
}
else
{
Statement -4;
}
}
using System;
namespace DecisionMaking {
class Program {
static void Main(string[] args) {
//* local variable definition */
int a = 100;
int b = 200;
/* check the boolean condition */
if (a == 100) {
/* if condition is true then check the following */
if (b == 200) {
/* if condition is true then print the following */
Console.WriteLine("Value of a is 100 and b is 200");
}
}
Console.WriteLine("Exact value of a is : {0}", a);
Console.WriteLine("Exact value of b is : {0}", b);
Console.ReadLine();
Shorthand If...Else (Ternary Operator)
There is also a shorthand if else, which is known as the ternary operator
because it consists of three operands. It can be used to replace multiple lines
of code with a single line. It is often used to replace simple if else statements:
variable = (condition) ? expressionTrue : expressionFalse;
Example:
int time = 20;
string result = (time < 18) ? "Good day." : "Good evening.";
Console.WriteLine(result);
C# Switch Statements
Use the switch statement to select one of many code blocks to be executed.
Syntax:
switch(expression)
{
case x:
// code block
break;
case y:
// code block
break;
default:
// code block
break;
}
int day = 4;
switch (day)
{
case 1: case 5:
Console.WriteLine("Monday"); Console.WriteLine("Friday");
break; break;
case 2: case 6:
Console.WriteLine("Tuesday"); Console.WriteLine("Saturday");
break; break;
case 3: case 7:
Console.WriteLine("Wednesday"); Console.WriteLine("Sunday");
break; break;
case 4:
Console.WriteLine("Thursday"); }
break;
Thank You
