Design Thinking

Coming up with an idea is easy but producing the

right one takes work. With design thinking ,throw all what you
know and start with the scratch that opens up all kinds of
possibilities.
Design Thinking is a methodology that provides solution-
based approach to solve problems.
 It focuses on understanding the user perspective, with a
human-centered point of view.
 It is a way of solving problems by focusing on the needs of
people.
 It involves understanding what users need, thinking of
creative solutions, and testing those ideas to see what
What is Design Thinking?
The two fundamental question?
•How long will it take me to implement the
solution?
•How much will it cost me to do it?
But Wait…
Is it valid Question to start with?
 What is Design Thinking?

• Valid question:
“What value can I create for the
people who are facing the problem?”
The Goal of Design Thinking

 To find the user itself and define its needs

 By finding those needs, create a solution
or a product that can be useful.
 To achieve this goal, the whole concept is
split into five design thinking phases.
Design Thinking(DT) is a set of strategic, conceptual, and
practical processes in which design concepts are developed
(product proposals, structures, equipment, communications,
etc.).
Design considerations are also linked to the establishment of
products and services within the business and social
environment. Some of these guidelines have been criticized for
simplifying the design process and undermining the role of
technical knowledge and skills.
Origins of Design Thinking
 The methods and concepts of design thinking, although
promoted by developing companies and design consultants,
ranging from a wide range of fields including software
development, engineering, anthropology, psychology, art,
and business.
 Design ideas as they exist today have evolved
collaboratively in various fields and industries.
 These have been integrated, documented, and promoted by
leading design firms and educational institutions and have
been increasingly accepted by the industry have led to
methods process in the form of design thinking tools and
methods.
1963: The idea of using Design as a way of solving complex problems in a
simplified manner in sciences .

1973: The idea of design was achieved for Design Engineering by Robert
McKim
1982: Design methodology is defined by “cross” the study of the
principles, practices and procedures of design are developed .and includes
the study of how designers work and think.

1987: Design thinking, describes methods and approaches that planners,

designers and architects use.

2009: The design thinking process itself is human centered, offering methods
for inspiration, ideation and learning to designers –Brown

2012: Apply the study of design thinking principles in engineering.

2015: Verbal protocol analysis, cognitive ethnography, controlled laboratory

experiments, and other formal methods from cognitive science have been
rigorously applied in engineering

2017: Design thinking reflected in many applications like prototyping,

solution-based method is often useful way to encourage inspiration, ideation
and organization learning and human centered methods Design Thinker in
the organizations
 People Centered:
Key Elements
You start from what
in Design people, users, customers
thinking. or their needs what they
1.People-centered want.
2.Highly creative
3.Hands on
4.Iterative

Empathy is key: it’s not

about you. You need the
ability to understand and
Highly Creative:
Design thinking stimulates
you to look at situations
differently and produce new
solutions, that go beyond and
improve existing alternatives.

Integrative thinking is
key: you need the ability to
look at all the different
aspects of a problem.
Hands-on:
Stop discussing, start working.
Make ideas tangible,
prototyping is made with your
hands by different best
alternatives.

Failure is a part of the

process in order to succeed.
Iterative:
The road to a success does
not follow a straight line.
The more you are able to loop
through
“Understand>create>learn>”
cycle, the higher chance you
have for good result.
An Example of Bad
Design Activity-1
• Each member in the team search
in the web about Delhi-Gurgaon
Expressway and identify the
actual problem.
• Take a note book and write your
observations on the problem and
pass to the next team member.
• All team members write their
observations and discuss among
themselves to finalize the list.
• After 10 minutes one among you
Delhi-Gurgaon should explain
Expressway
 An Example of Bad
Design The major problem with the
Delhi-Gurgaon Expressway is
poor management of traffic
and lack of planning. This
stretch of the road has been
planned and built on the basis of
inadequate data on traffic flow
and this was the reason why
there used to be traffic jams at
toll plaza.
It is the faulty design, bad
engineering and lack of right
Delhi-Gurgaon intent on the part of the highway
Expressway managers that lead to jams.
Introduction to Design
Thinking
 This stage is oriented towards
understanding the intended users and
Empathiz
the problem from their viewpoint by
e
observation, engagement and
immersion.
At this stage the insights discovered in
Define
empathize are transformed to needs.
Within the context of the problem
statement, the team generates many
Ideate radical design alternative that explore the
solution space and identify the best
solution.
At this stage, the best solution is made as a
Prototype product with which the team, users and
others will experience and interact.
Prototypes are placed into appropriate
contexts of user’s lives the goal of
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kfBa2AdjRB4
Success Stories
 Design Thinking can help us systematically extract,
teach, learn and apply human-centered techniques to
solve problems in a creative and innovative way – in
our designs, businesses, countries, lives.
 Some of the world’s leading brands, such as Netflix,
IBM, Apple, Google, Samsung and GE, have rapidly
adopted the Design Thinking approach, and Design
Thinking is being taught at leading universities
around the world, including the school, Stanford,
Harvard and MIT.
Features of Design Thinking
1. Design thinking understands from the perspective of the
customers and provides solution for improving the product and
service quality in the organization.
2. The role of design thinking is to collect feedback from the
customers and employees by iteration of prototyping
3.Expanding the range of solutions to the problems identified in
the organization and employee better customer and employee
satisfaction
4. Enable the design thinkers to develop new products, features
or services to customer and process satisfaction.
5. Providing and eco-system through the interaction with the
employees, technical capabilities and customers.
Benefits of Design Thinking
1. It helps to overcome creative challenges: Design
Thought gives you the freedom to look at problems in
many ways. It involves a lot of brains to come up with the
best ideas, which helps to improve students ‘knowledge.
2. Helps to meet customer requirements
effectively: The design thinking involves developing
prototypes when testing and using customer feedback
repeatedly to ensure quality assurance. By following a
successful design idea, your product will eventually meet
the needs of customers.
3. It helps to increase your knowledge of Design
Thinking: You will do a lot of experiments in the design
thinking process. You will always try to improve your
model by using customer feedback to ensure customer
satisfaction.
Principles of Design Thinking
The process is obviously important, and there are certain, tested tools that
need to be considered within each mode, each with its own set of inputs,
outputs, and well-defined functions. where the concept can be thought of as
an integrated set of beliefs and attitudes.
 Human Focused Design Thinking: The process that understands from
the perspective of the human including the employees and customers.
While doing so design thinker needs to consider the individuals, beliefs,
values and attitudes.
 Diversity to work in a team: Design thinking needs to consider
individuals from different background and train to work in a team. While
group membership should be balanced throughout the project.
— such as clients, suppliers, and other topic professionals
— in specific modes or activities.
 Comprehensive: Design experts are also able to identify and consider
relationships, collaborations, and communication between seemingly
different ideas.
 Flexibility and unconventional comfort: Design thinking is best suited
to deal with problems and opportunities described in an in comprehensible
way, and requires great flexibility in terms of both content and
methodology (e.g., with the required repetition of modes and categories).
 Communication Skills: Willingness to communicate and work in a variety
of ways, including speaking, visual, and touch. Design experts design and
build prototypes, without the perceived lack of skill or competence.
Theory of Thinking Modes
There are three basic modes of thinking:
Analytical
Judicial
Synthetic

Analytical thinking :is the process for separation of things from

the visible relationships in the process and production in the
organization.
Judicial thinking : is comparing and making judgments based
on in-depth analysis in the thinking.
Synthetic thinking: is the process to combine two things and
ideas with the intention of making new process and
combination.
Practices of Design Thinking
The processes are presented from the perspective of
designers and consultants.
1. Design ideas from the perspective of designers show
that ideas are used for customer problem as this is
driven by organizational culture.
2. Design thinking from a consultant's perspective
demonstrates that supporting design thinking in
providing support for complex business issues and
providing solutions to complex business problems in the
organization.
Team based Design Thinking
Team size has a direct impact on design thinking process of the
organization
1.Building the right type of team: Team members from diverse
background and specialization support in providing solution to
the challenges faced by the design team
2.Right Team Culture: Involvement of the team members is an
important component for developing right culture; hence, rules,
regulations and process of the team have an impact on
developing right culture in the team. Therefore, design thinking
team needs to have the right culture for developing right
directions in the team process of the design team.
3.Development of higher inclusions, cohesion, interaction and
confidence support in developing effective team for design
thinking.
4.Effective communication among the members supports in
sharing the ideas and solutions for the design teams in design
thinking.
5. The role of leadership is an important aspect in design
thinking, team leader support and encouragement support the
design thinking team in the organization.