3 PROTECTION, RESTRICTIONS & INDICATIONS

Safety at Work site, Hand signals in day and night,

Hand flags, Hand lamps, Banner flags, Detonators,
life of detonators, testing of detonators, fog signals,
Engineering Indicator Boards, Works of short and
long duration, Protection during emergency Caution
order. Protection arrangement during traffic
block/road vehicle working adjacent to track/during
poor visibility
 SAFETY AT WORK SITE
Topic covered
• Work site means.
• Categories of works.
• Joint procedure order regarding.
• Work near vicinity of cable.
• Preventive measures for avoiding fire to
cables etc.
• Items to ensure by open line official at
Construction work site.
 Work site means
• Work involving danger to train and traffic. Like
Track/bridge work and Work adjacent to running
track
• out work on track/bridge in case of emergency.
• Precautionary work to stop train before
commencing any work to clear obstructed line.
 Kinds of signals

• The signals to be used for controlling the movement of trains shall be

-
• (a) fixed signals,
• (b) hand signals,
• (c) detonating signals, and
• (d) flare signals.
 Kinds of signals

Use of night signals by day

• The signals prescribed in these rules for use by night

shall also be used by day in tunnels and in thick, foggy
or tempestuous weather impairing visibility.
Exhibition of hand signals
• All hand signals shall be exhibited by day, by showing
a flag or hand and by night by showing a light as
prescribed in these rules.
• During day a flag or flags shall normally be used as
hand signals. Hands shall be used in emergencies only,
when flags are not available.
 Stop hand signal

Indication: Stop dead

How given by day:

By showing a red flag or by

raising both arms with hands
above the head as illustrated :
 Stop hand signal

How given by night:

By showing a red light or
by violently waving
a white light horizontally
across the body of the
person showing the signal
as illustrated :-
 Proceed hand
signal

• Indication:
Proceed
• How given by
day:
• By holding a
green flag or by
holding one arm
steadily as
illustrated below:
 Proceed hand signal

How given by night:

By holding a green light

steadily as illustrated
 Proceed with caution
hand signal
• Indication: Proceed slowly
reducing speed further if
the signal is given at a
progressively slower rate.
• How given by day:
• By waving a green flag
vertically up and down or
by waving one arm in a
similar manner as
illustrated :
 Proceed with caution
hand signal …
• How given by night:
• By waving a green light vertically
up and down as illustrated :

Note.-- When the speed is to be reduced

further, this signal shall be given at a
slower and slower rate and when a stop
is desired, the Stop hand signal shall be
shown.
480 mm 480 mm

440 mm
440 mm
 Banner
flags
• A banner flag is a temporary fixed danger signal,
consisting of a red cloth supported at each end on a
post and stretched across the line to which it refers.
• Banner flags shall not be less than 150 cm long and 45
cm wide.
• They shall be stretched across the track on poles not
less than 1.5 m high at an adequate distance from the
spot, which they are intended to protect.
 ≮ 1.50 m

≮ 0.45 m
1.50 m

3. Banner flag
 Banner flags

• When L.C. gate is kept open to the road traffic Banner

flag is placed 5 meters away from the end of check rail
in both directions.
• Banner flag is placed across the track at a distance of
not less than 600M before work spot when work is
going on railway track by Engineering department
Light Signal (Tri Colour LED Torch)

ल
य रे
रती
भा
Knowledge and possession of hand signals
• G&SR Para no. 3.58
Every railway servant connected with the movement of trains,
shunting operations, maintenance of installations and works of
any nature affecting safety of trains shall have—
(i) a correct knowledge of hand signals; &
(ii) the requisite hand signals with him while on duty and
keep them in good working order and ready for immediate
use.
Every railway servant shall see that the staff under him
concerned with use of hand signals are adequately supplied with
all necessary equipment for hand signaling and have a correct
knowledge of their use.
 Detonating Signals

• Detonating signals otherwise known as detonators or fog

signals are appliances, which are fixed on the rails, and
when an Engine (or vehicle) passes over them, they explode
with a loud sound so as to attract the attention of the Driver.
Detonating Signals …
 Detonating Signals …

• Care and Custody–

• Detonators should be protected against dampness.
• They should be stored in tin cases with papers
wrapped over them, a layer of waste cotton must be
kept at bottom and top of the tin cases to avoid
contact with the metal.
• In one tin case not more than ten detonators should
be kept.
 Detonating Signals …

• Care and Custody–

• The tin cases should be stored in wooden boxes which should
be kept in dry places, these should not be exposed to steam
or other vapours.
 Detonating Signals …
• IRPWM Para No. 816 (2) Stock with Engineering Official–
• Each P.Way, Works and Bridge Engineer shall have a stock of
detonators sufficient to recoup the number annually tested and any
which may be exploded for works and emergency.
• The SSE/P.Way (In-charge) shall ensure that all the
JE/SSE/P.Way(sectional), Trolleymens, Mates, Gatemens, Keymens,
Patrolmens and Watchmens are equipped with the specified number
of detonators.
 Detonating
Signals …
• IRPWM Para No. 816 (2) Stock with Engineering Official–
• Every ADEN, Gang mate, keyman, gateman, Patrolman and
Watchman, whose duties include protection of track shall carry
the specified stock of detonators with him on duty, for use
during an emergency.
• The month and year of manufacture are shown on the label
outside each case and also stamped on each detonator.
• Detonators should be used in the order of the dates stamped on
them, the oldest being used first.
 Detonating Signals …

• Use of Detonators–
• The staff in possession of detonators shall not make any improper
use of them.
• All Engineers are responsible to ensure that the staff working
under them know how and when to use detonators.
• A detonator when required to be used shall be placed on the rail
with the label or brand facing upwards and shall be fixed to the rail
by bending the clasps around the head of the rail.
 Testing of Detonators
• IRPWM Para no. 816(4) & SR Para no.3.64.5
• Once a year, one detonator shall be taken by the SSE/P.Way (In-charge)
from his own stock and from Gang Mate, Keyman, Gateman, Patrolman
and Watchman for testing, one also from each of the lots in the personal
custody of DEN, Bridge Engineer, ADEN, SSE (Works), JE/SSE/P.Way where
the headquarters of these officials falls within the SSE/P.Way's jurisdiction.
• Detonators shall be tested under an empty wagon propelled by engine at
8 to 11 KMPH.
• The SSE/P.Way (In-charge) shall submit by the end of the year (31st
December) a certificate in duplicate to the Assistant Divisional Engineer to
the effect.
• The ADEN shall countersign and forward one copy of the certificate to the
DEN with remarks, if any.
 Life of
Detonators
• The normal life of detonators is 5 years.
• The life of the detonators can be extended to 8 years.
• Subject to the condition that 2 detonators from each lot of over 5
year old ones are tested for their effectiveness as discussed above
and the results being found satisfactory.
• In case the results are not satisfactory, they should be destroyed.
• In any case, no detonator should be kept in use after 8 years.
 Disposal of Time-barred
Detonators
• No detonator that bears any sign of rust and is time- barred shall be
held in stock. Such detonators shall be destroyed by one of the
following methods
• (i) By soaking them in light mineral oil for 48 hours and then throwing
them one by one into fire with due precautions.
• (ii) By burning them in incinerator.
 Disposal of Time-barred
Detonators …
• (iii) By detonating them under wagon during shunting operations.
• (iv) By throwing them in deep sea.
• The destruction of time-barred detonators should be done in the
presence of a JE/SSE (P.Way).
• Disposal of detonators do not cause any injury to life and property.
• They should not be buried or thrown in places from where they could
be recovered.
 Safety
Range

• When detonators are being tested, no person should be allowed

within a radius of 45 meters from the detonators to be exploded;
• When detonators are being placed in case of emergency, no person
should be allowed within a radius of 45 meters from the detonators
to be exploded;
• The engine crew shall remain well within the cab.
Detonating Signals …
• Use of Detonators– (during emergency)
• Whenever in consequence of an obstruction of a line or for any other
reason it is necessary for a railway servant to stop approaching train
• He shall plant a danger signal at the spot and proceed with all haste in
the direction of an approaching train with a danger signal (red flag by
day and red light by night),
• To a point 600 m from the obstruction and place 1 detonator on the
line,
Detonating Signals …
• Use of Detonators– (during emergency)
• After which he shall proceed further for not less than 1200 m from
the obstruction and place 3 detonators on the line 10 m apart.
• He should then take a stand at a place not less than 45 m from there
and continue to exhibit the danger signal, until recalled.
• If recalled, he shall leave on the line 3 detonators and on his way
back pick up the intermediate detonator placed at 600m.
• He should exhibit the danger signal continuously throughout the
protection process.
Detonating Signals …

• Use of Detonators– (during emergency)

• On single line the line must be protected on each side of obstruction.
• Where there are adjacent lines and it is necessary to protect such
lines, action should be taken on each such line in a similar manner.
 EMERGENCY SITE PROTECTION

3 Detonators-10 3 Detonators-10
m apart Single <30m/ <30m/ m apart
Detonator Prominent Prominent
Location Location
Place
Emergency
45 m 600 m (B.G) 600 m (B.G) Single 45 m
Detonator

1200 m (B.G) 1200 m (B.G)

Single Line
 G & SR Para
6.03(1)(i)(h)
• (h) Should any train be seen approaching, the person going to protect
the train shall immediately place one detonator on the line, as far
away from the disabled train/track as possible and will continue to
show his hand danger signal to stop any approaching train.
• If the person has already placed one detonator on 600 or 400 m in BG
or MG/NG respectively and he is not in a position to reach at a
distance of 1200 m or 800 m in BG or MG/NG respectively, he will
again place one detonator as far away from the train which has met
the accident.
Who can pass the first train over
the Rail/Weld Fracture Location
After Emergency Repairs:-
S.R.6.01.3.1. If a Mate/Keyman /Patrolman detects rail/weld fracture of less
than 30 mm gap, he shall show Stop hand signal and inform the Loco Pilot of
the first train to pass the fractured spot at 10 KMPH and subsequent trains at
15 KMPH.

S.R.6.01.3.4. In cases where the gap at the fractured location is more than
30mm or where multiple fractures have taken place resulting in a piece of
rail or the head getting dislodged, the mate / patrolman / Keyman cannot
pass the train. He should take immediate action to protect the line and only
a PWM / PWI can pass the traffic, after attending to the fracture
appropriately or taking necessary safety precautions.
Who can pass the first train
over the Rail/Weld Fracture
Location
After Emergency Repairs:- As per ACS-21 of IRPWM
• As Per Annexure-3/8 of IRPWM
• Item No.3(b): At fracture after emergency repairs are completed with
approved High Performance Rail Clamps (HPRC) and there is 24hrs
watch
• (i) First Train--- STOP DEAD and 10KMPH
• (ii) Subsequent Trains---- 50KMPH
 Who can pass the first train over
the Track Buckling Location
Protection:- as per IRPWM Annexure-3/10 Item no.9(A)
Protection of track & secure safety of trains in case of buckling - Patrolman
After Emergency Repairs:- as per IRPWM Annexure-3/10
Item no.9(B)
Emergency repairs ---- JE/P.Way
 Fog
signals
• Visibility Test Object (VTO)
• Visibility Test Object (VTO) is prescribed to check the adequacy of
visibility of signals and to guide the SM for arranging to place
detonators to warn the Loco Pilot of an approaching train about the
location of First stop signal(FSS).
• A particular signal arm by day or the light of a signal by day or night or
the back light of a signal shall be prescribed to serve as VTO wherever
necessary.
Fog
signals …
• When such a VTO cannot be seen by the SM, it shall be taken that fog
has set in and SM shall arrange to place detonators in rear of FSS and
the rules under S.R.3.61.6 shall be followed.
• Fog signal posts are erected at 270 m. in rear of FSS in either direction
to indicate the location for placing detonators by Fog Signalman.
• Fog signal post may be a steel trough sleeper fixed vertically in the
ground which shall be painted alternatively with black and yellow self
luminous paint or provided with black and yellow self luminous strips.
 Fog
signals …
• Where not necessary to place detonators:
• (i) Where a reliable Fog Safety Device has been provided on
locomotives and notified to stations by the divisional authorities.
• (ii) Where double Distant signals are provided.
• (iii) At Gate signal.
• (iv) At departure stop signal.
• (v) At the site of temporary speed restriction.
 Fog
signals …
• Where necessary to place detonators:
• (i) At class ‘A’ station in rear of Home signal, one detonator at 270 m
and another at 280 m.
• (ii) At class ‘B’ station with Lower Quadrant Signals, in rear of Outer
signal, one detonator at 270 m and another at 280 m.
• (iii) At class ‘B’ class with MACLS and single Distant signal, in rear of
Home signal, one detonator at 270 m and another at 280 m.
G&SR 15.06.WORKS INVOLVING DANGER TO TRAFFIC
A Gang shall not carry out any work which will involve danger to
trains without the permission of inspector.
The railway servant, and the person who gives the permission
shall be present to supervise the work.
In case of emergency when safety warrants the gang mate may
commence the work at once before the arrival of supervisor, and
shall himself ensure that a red hand signal flag is exhibited at 30
mts from place of obstruction and a red banner flag shall be
exhibited at a distance of 600 mts from place of obstruction and
stop hand signal shall be shown at 30 mts from banner flag and
place three detonators at 10 mts apart at a distance of 1200 mts
from place of obstruction stop hand signal shall be shown at a
distance of 45 mts from the detonators.
• G&SR 15.07 - Work in thick, foggy or
tempestuous weather impairing visibility.
• In thick, foggy or tempestuous weather impairing
visibility, no rail shall be displaced and no other work
which is likely to cause obstruction to the passage of
trains shall be performed, except in case of emergency.
• G & SR 15.08 No person employed on the way or works
shall change or turn a rail, disconnect points or signals, or
commence any other operation which would obstruct
the line until Stop signals have been exhibited and where
prescribed detonators used; and
• If within station limits, he has to also obtain the written
permission of the Station Master and all necessary
signals have been placed at on.
• No work involving removal of any rail from the track shall
be undertaken without traffic block except in emergency
after exhibiting stop signals, banner flag and placement
of detonators. .
• In emergent cases the engineering official not below
the rank of JE/P.Way undertaking such operations
shall first bring the train to stop and advise the loco
pilot of train the need to stop the train through a
written memo.
• The same message shall be sent to SM and the need
to block the track in written and obtain
confirmation.
• The work may be commenced only after train is
stopped and the loco pilot has been advised.
 Engineering
indicators
• Permanent Engineering Indicator:- Indicators are used For
Permanent Speed Restriction Locations.

• Temporary Engineering indicator :- Indicators are used For

Temporary Speed Restriction Locations.
• But for both the cases Engineering Indicators are same.
 Engineering
indicators
(a) Caution indicator.
(b) Speed indicator.
(c) Stop indicator.
(d) Termination indicator for Passenger trains (T/P) &
(e) Termination indicator for Goods train (T/G).
 Caution Indicator

• This board indicates that the line ahead is under repairs necessitating
speed restriction with the Loco Pilot to be prepared for either a Speed
Indicator or Stop Indicator ahead.

• This shall consist of a horizontal board 1.4 m, wide by 0.4 m deep fish
tailed at one end .

• This indicator shall be provided both for permanent and temporary

restrictions.
Retro reflective
black sheet in Caution indicator
facing direction
2.50m From Track Centre

U/S Rail post to be

painted with 300 mm
high bands of
white & black
Caution indicator
 The Caution Indicator shall
be situated not less than
1200 m for B. G. from the
point, where stoppage is
required.

 The Caution Indicator shall

be situated not less than
1200 m for B. G. from the
point, where speed is to be
restricted.(as per G&SR-
15.09.1.2.1)
 Stop
Indicator
• This shall consist of a horizontal board 1.4 m, wide by 0.4 m and
painted with red and white vertical stripes.

• This indicator will be used when trains are required to stop.

Stop
indicator
2.50m From Track Centre

Retro reflective RED

sheet in facing
direction

2.0 m above R.L.

U/S RAIL POST TO BE
PAINTED WITH 300
MM BANDS OF
WHITE & BLACK
R. L.
Stop indicator

A stop indicator shall be

exhibited at a distance of
30 m from the place of
obstruction
Speed
Indicator
• This shall consist of a yellow equilateral triangular board with 1.0 m
sides, painted yellow and bearing 0.3 m high & 40 mm thick black
figures giving the speed at which a train is to proceed past the
indicator.
• The speed indicator shall be provided for both permanent and
temporary restrictions.
 Figures
Speed 300 mm. high
Indicator 40 mm thick

2.50m From Track Centre

RETRO REFLECTIVE YELLOW

SHEET IN FACING DIRECTION

U/S RAIL POST TO BE

PAINTED WITH 300 MM
BANDS OF WHITE & BLACK
Speed indicator

A speed indicator shall

be exhibited at a
distance of 30 m. from
the place of obstruction
Termination
Indicator
• Termination Indicator
• There are two Termination Indicators namely Termination Indicators
for passenger trains(T/P) and Termination Indicators for goods
trains(T/G).
• These shall consist of one m diametre disc.
• Painted yellow and bearing 250 mm high 40 mm thick letter ‘T/P’ and
‘T/G’ in black .
• These shall indicate the point from which the normal speed may be
resumed.
 RETRO REFLECTIVE YELLOW
2.50m From Track Centre
SHEET IN FACING DIRECTION

Termination
Indicator for
passenger
trains(T/P)
Termination
Indicator for
passenger
 One termination indicator bearing the
letters T/P should be located at a
trains(T/P)
distance equal to the length of the
longest passenger train operating on
the section from the place of work,
which will help the passenger trains to
pick up speed after reaching T/P
indicator, without losing time.
RETRO REFLECTIVE YELLOW
SHEET IN FACING DIRECTION

2.50m From Track Centre

Termination
Indicator for
goods
trains(T/G)
Termination Indicator
for goods trains(T/G)
 Another termination indicator bearing
letters T/G should be located at a
distance equal to the length of the
longest goods trains operating on the
section from the place of work, which
will help the goods trains to pick up
speed after reaching T/G indicator,
without losing time.
 Temporary Engineering
Fixed Signals
Location and Details

• For intermediate tracks on triple or multiple lines, Engineering

indicators should be fixed between tracks to within 300 mm from rail-
level, to avoid infringements of standard dimensions.
• All indicators should be placed on the left hand side as seen by the
Drivers except on Centralised Traffic Control (CTC) sections (single
line) where they should be placed on Right hand side.
Permanent Speed
Restriction Indicators
• Permanent speed restrictions boards–
• Permanent speed restrictions in force are notified in working
time-table.
• The speed indictors are erected to indicate to the Drivers the
speed restrictions to be observed e.g., between stations, and
at stations due to weaker track/bridges, restrictions on
curves, grades and points and crossings etc.
Permanent Speed Restriction
Indicators …
• Permanent speed restrictions boards–
• The indicators to be used are similar to those used for
temporary restrictions, namely, caution indicator, speed/stop
indicators and termination indicators (T/P & T/G).
• The details of the indicators and the distance at which they
are to be fixed are the same in both the cases i.e. temporary
and permanent.
Permanent Speed Restriction
Indicators …
• Board indicating speed over points–
• Where the speed over the points at a station is less than the
speed sanctioned at other stations on the same section, a
permanent speed indicator should be fixed on the first
approach signal of the station.

15
For Common Loop Line
Permanent Speed Restriction
Indicators …
• Where a permanent speed restriction is in force on any
intermediate track on triple or multiple lines, the engineering
indicators should be fixed between tracks to within 300 mm
from rail-level to avoid infringement of standard dimensions.
Loop line clearance Board : T/Loop to be provided at stations at a distance of CSR (Clear
Standing Room) length i.e 720 meters after the loop line cross over point. It should be
retro-reflective type with yellow background and letters T/LOOP written in black.
Whistle boards should be provided in rear of all places where the view of
the Drivers is obstructed by cuttings or tunnels or curves and where it is
necessary to give audible warnings of the approach of a train to those
working on the track. The whistle boards are fixed at a distance of 600
metres.
2.50m From Track Centre

All letters shall be

40mm thick 300 mm
height and whistle
boards be of retro
reflective
Caution and Termination indicator for Vulnerable
locations and RAT bridges
• These boards are to be provided at vulnerable locations and
RAT bridges.
• Provide “C” board at 1200 mts in rear of location.
• T boards to be provided at ahead of end of location at a
distance of one locomotive length.
• These “C” and “T” boards should be retro reflective and
provided during monsoon period.
• Loco pilot to be vigilant on seeing “C” board and resume speed
beyond “T” board.
• Drivers should lookout for signals of stationery watchman.
• At locations which are close by, “C” and “T” boards may overlap
T boards to be provided after the last location.
 Caution indicator for Vulnerable locations and RAT
bridges

C
 61 cm in diameter round with 2.50m From Track Centre

White background
 Letter C in Black
 To be provided at a distance of
1200 mts ahead from RAT
bridge/Vulnerable location
 Height of indicator is 2130
mm from RL
 300 mm white and black on
the tie angle
 Termination indicator for Vulnerable locations and RAT
bridges

T
 61 cm in Square with White 2.50m From Track Centre

background
 Letter T in Black
 To be provided at a distance of
length of longest goods train
ahead from RAT
bridge/Vulnerable location
 Height of indicator is 2130
mm from RL
 300 mm white and black on
the tie angle
 ENGINEERING WORKS
• Work involving danger to train and traffic. Like Track/bridge
work and Work adjacent to running track
• Carrying out work on track/bridge in case of emergency.
• Precautionary work to stop train before commencing any
work to clear obstructed line.
 Categories of
Engineering work
( PARA 805 OF IRPWM)

• ENGINEERING WORKS CAN BE BROADLY DIVIDED IN TO THREE

DIFFERENT CATEGORIES .

• CATEGORY 1 WORKS OF ROUTINE MAINTENANCE

• CATEGORY 2 WORKS OF SHORT DURATION
• CATEGORY 3 WORKS OF LONG DURATION
 Categories of
engineering work …
CATEGORY ‘1’
• Works of routine maintenance, requiring no speed
restriction, not necessitating exhibition of hand signals
and involving no danger to trains or traffic.

• These include works of routine maintenance such as

through packing, picking up of slacks and overhauling
of track etc.

• For this works only lookout man is sufficient for

protection of work spot, when view is obstructed to
600 M from work spot
Categories of engineering work
…
CATEGORY ‘2’
• Works which are start after sunrise and completed before
sunset of the day.
• Ex.. casual renewals of rails and sleepers, adjustment of
creep, lubrication of rail joints, bridge painting etc.
• The Work site should be protected with caution order, OEHS
and Block protection.
• After completion of the work, no speed restriction is
required.
 Categories of engineering
work …
• CATEGORY ‘3’
• Works which are carried more than a Day and extended over a
few days or few weeks etc..
• Involving breakage of road viz. Relaying (like CTR,TRR,TSR),
Bridge construction, Diversions, Dealing with interlocking etc.
• The Work site should be protected with caution order, OEHS,
Block protection and with Temporary Engineering Indicators.
• Watchmen should be available at work spot for 24hrs.
WORKS OF SHORT DURATION.
• Before commencing any work of such category the
authorise railway servant should issue a notice to station
master / block hut in charge and obtain acknowledge.
Precautions to be ensure …
• (1) when the train is required to stop at the site of work (
in block section)
• (2) When the train can pass over the work spot at a
restricted speed (in block - section)
WORKS OF SHORT DURATION
• When the train is required to stop at the site of work (in Block
section)–
• Post a flagman with hand signals at a distance of 30 m in rear of the
place of obstruction, to show stop hand signals.
• Post a flagman with hand signals and place a banner flag across the
track at a distance of 600 m in rear of the work. The flagman will
show stop hand signals.
WORKS OF SHORT DURATION
• When the train is required to stop at the site of work (in Block
section)– …….
• Post a flagman with hand signals and detonators at a distance of 1200
m in rear of the work. The flagman shall fix three detonators on the
line 10 m apart and stand at a place not less than 45 m from the three
detonators, from where he can obtain a clear view of the approaching
train. He will show stop hand signals.
• The man at the site of obstruction shall give proceed hand signal to
indicate to the Driver, when he may resume normal speed after the
train has been hand signalled past the obstruction.
Annexure - 8/1 - Para 806(1)
 WORKS OF SHORT DURATION
WHEN THE TRAIN IS REQUIRED TO STOP AT THE SITE
OF WORK
10-10 m 10-10 m
apart apart
30 m 30 m
Place
of work
45 m 600 m (B.G) 600 m (B.G) 45 m

1200 m (B.G) 1200 m (B.G)

Single Line
Annexure - 8/1 - Para 806(1)
 Direction of traffic
WORKS OF SHORT DURATION
WHEN THE TRAIN IS REQUIRED TO STOP AT THE
SITE OF WORK

10-10 m apart
600 m(B.G)
30 m
Place of work
10-10 m apart

45 m 1200 m (B.G)
Place of work
600 m (B.G)
30 m
45 m
1200 m (B.G)

Direction of traffic
Double Line
WORKS OF SHORT DURATION
• When the train can pass over the work spot at restricted
speed in Block section –
• The following protections should be adopted in the above cases–
• (i) Post a flagman exhibiting caution hand signals at a distance of 30 m
from the place of obstruction.
• (ii) Post a flagman exhibiting caution hand signals at a distance of
1200 m for Broad Gauge from the place of obstruction.
WORKS OF SHORT DURATION
• When the train can pass over the work spot at restricted
speed in Block section –
• (iii) Post an intermediate flagman with hand signals at a distance of
600 m for Broad Gauge from the place of obstruction. He will also
place a banner flag across the track.
• The intermediate banner flag must be kept across the line until the
speed of the train has been reduced, after which the banner flag shall
be removed and the train hand signalled forward.
• (iv) The railway servant at the site of work should give proceed hand
signals to indicate to the Driver, that he may resume normal speed
after the train has been hand signalled past the site of work.
Annexure - 8/2 - Para 806(2)
 WORKS OF SHORT DURATION
When the train can pass over the work spot at restricted
speed

30 m 30 m
Place
of work
600 m (B.G) 600 m (B.G)

1200 m (B.G) 1200 m (B.G)

Single Line
Annexure - 8/2 - Para 806(2)
Direction of traffic
WORKS OF SHORT DURATION
When the train can pass over the work spot
at restricted speed
600 m (B.G)

30 m
PLACE OF
WORK

1200 m (B.G)
PLACE OF
WORK
600 m (B.G)
30 m
1200 m (B.G)

Direction of traffic
Double Line
 Work of short duration.
• Important points when work in block section…
• On single line, the line must be so protected on both sides of the
work.
• At places where there are curves or falling gradients and at times of
poor visibility the distances of 600M & 1200M may be suitably
increased wherever necessary and intermediate flagman posted to
relay hand signals.
• The banner flag, detonators and hand signals should not provided
on continuous steep rising gradients.
 Work of short duration.
• Important points when work in block section…
• If in an emergency, it becomes necessary to carry out such works at
night, the provisions for protection of line as the case may be must
be complied with except that red light must be exhibited in the
direction of approaching trains in place of red hand signalling flags
and banner flags.
• In an Emergency, when it is necessary on considerations of safety, the
JE/SSE/P.Way, or authorised railway servant may commence such
work after protecting the line as per GR 15.08 and 15.09, before
issuing notice to the Station Master.
 Work of short duration
• Works to be carried in station limit..
• No work should be commenced on running line at a station
without the written permission of the Station Master and until
the relevant signals have been placed at ‘ON’.
• Before commencing a work on a line which can be isolated from
the other running lines, the JE/SSE/P.Way should ensure that the
line has been isolated and retain the keys of locking device in his
possession.
Work of short duration
• Works to be carried in station limit..
• Before commencing work on a line which cannot be
isolated from other running lines as provided for
above, the JE/SSE/P.Way should provide the
prescribed hand signals, detonators and banner flags
as detailed in Para 806 (1) &(2).
Work of short duration
• Works in Automatic Territory
• In automatic territory, if the distance from the
place of works/obstruction to the automatic
signal controlling entry of a train into the
signalling section is less than 1200 m and the
automatic signal is secured at ‘ON’ the banner
flag and three detonators may be provided at
90 and 180 m respectively.
 WORKS OF SHORT DURATION
Works in Automatic Territory

Direction of traffic
Station Controlling
signal

10-10 m apart 90 m
Place of work

45 m <1200 m
180 m
 Categories of work..
• CATEGORY ‘3’ long duration

• Work such as relaying like CTR,TRR,TSR, deep screening, bridge

construction, diversions, Dealing with interlocking.
• Works which extend over a few days , or weeks during which
period a continuous restriction of speed is to be in force.
• Temporary engineering fixed signals shall be used at specified
distances for protection.
• Works to be carried out on planned basis duly advising all
concern.
Works of Long Duration –
• (1) Preliminary arrangements–
• For doing such works the Engineering Department will arrange with
the Operating Department for the issue of the circular/ notice as per
extant instructions.
• The concerned Divisional Engineer will be responsible for obtaining
the sanction of Commissioner of Railway Safety wherever necessary
and sending Safety Certificate on completion of such works.
Works of Long Duration –
• (1) Preliminary arrangements–
• The SSE/P.Way (In-charge) should obtain permission to commence
work from DEN/ ADEN and should arrange to block the line when
work is proposed to be done under block.
• Caution orders will be issued by the Station Masters concerned as
necessary.
• Necessary temporary engineering fixed signals to be erected.
• When there is multi speed restriction board at proper location to be
erected.
Works of Long Duration –
• (1) Preliminary arrangements–
• In an emergency, when it is necessary on considerations of safety, the
JE/SSE/P.Way or authorised railway servant may commence such work
before issuing the notice, under the protection of hand signals and
banner flags as per GR 15.08 and 15.09. As soon as possible, he
should issue the notice and replace the hand signals and banner flags
by temporary engineering fixed signals.
Works of Long Duration ….
• Protection of line in block section–
• In case where stop dead restriction is to be imposed when restriction
is to last for more than a day, the following temporary Engineering
indicators should be exhibited at the appropriate distance–
• (i) Caution indicator.
• (ii) Stop indicator.
• (iii) Termination indicators.
 Works of Long Duration
WHEN THE TRAIN IS REQUIRED TO STOP AT THE SITE OF WORK

To be located at a distance
equal to the length of the
longest passenger train
operating on the section
concerned

Place of
Work

30 m
1200 m (B.G)
To be located at a distance
equal to the length of the
longest Goods train
operating on the section
concerned
Procedure for Passing Trains at Stop
Dead Restrictions
• The flagman at the stop indicators shall present his restriction book to
the Driver who should stop the train in the rear of the stop indicator.
• The “Restriction Book” should be to the following form:
• Engineering indicator at km…………………
• Speed Restriction………………..

Date Train No. Time Signature of the Driver

Works of Long Duration ….
• Protection of line in block section–
• In case where the train is not required to stop (non-stop restriction)
and the restriction is likely to last for more than a day, the following
temporary Engineering indicators should be exhibited at the
appropriate distances–
• (i) Caution indicator.
• (ii) Speed indicator.
• (iii) Termination indicators.
1200m
 Works of Long Duration
When the train can pass over the work spot at restricted speed

To be located at a distance
equal to the length of the
longest passenger train
operating on the section
concerned

Place of
work

30 m
1200 m
To be located at a distance
equal to the length of the
longest Goods train
operating on the section
concerned
Works of Long Duration ….
• Note–
• When during the course of the work, on consideration of safety it is
not desirable to pass trains over the site of work for the time being,
the track should be further protected by hand signals and banner
flags, by the authorised railway servant.
Multi Speed Restriction (i.e.
existence of two or more than
two speed restrictions in
continuation)–
• When work of deep screening or sleeper renewal is in progress, there
is situation of having two or more than two speed restrictions in
continuation. In such situation, placement of speed boards for
following speed restriction shall be as under:
 Multi Speed Restriction (i.e. existence
of two or more than two speed
restrictions in continuation) ….

• (i) In case of following speed restriction being more restrictive,

• (ii) a minimum of 200 m track should be under earlier speed
restriction zone.
• (iii) If not, then only one SR board should be provided.
 Multi Speed Restriction
Following speed restriction is more restrictive

1200M

Retro reflective type

boards - to be provided
in new construction and
during replacement of
existing boards
 Works of Long Duration
Multi Speed Restriction,when s₂ < s₁

To be located at a distance equal

to the length of the longest
passenger train operating on the
section concerned

Place of work
30 m
30 m
1200M
Speed restricted Speed restricted To be located at a distance
zone of 45 kmph zone of 20 kmph equal to the length of the
longest Goods train operating
on the section concerned
Multi Speed Restriction (i.e. existence
of two or more than two speed
restrictions in continuation) ….

• (ii) In case of following speed restriction being less restrictive,

corresponding speed indicator board for following speed restriction
shall be placed at a distance equal to the length of the longest goods
train operating on the section after termination point of previous
speed restriction zone.
 Multi Speed Restriction
Following speed restriction is less
restrictive

1200M
 Works of Long Duration

Multi Speed Restriction,when s₂ > s₁

To be located at a distance equal

to the length of the longest
Speed restricted passenger train operating on the
zone of 45 kmph section concerned

Place of work

30 m
1200 m

Speed restricted
zone of 20 kmph To be located at a distance equal
to the length of the longest Goods
train operating on the section
concerned
Works at Times of Poor Visibility
–
• In thick foggy or tempestuous weather impairing visibility, no rail shall
be displaced and no other work, which is likely to cause obstruction to
the passage of trains shall be performed except in case of emergency.
• When such work has to be undertaken and the site is protected by
temporary engineering fixed signals, 2 detonators on the line 10 m
apart should be fixed not less than 270 m in rear of the caution
indicator and a caution hand signal exhibited to approaching trains.
 Safe Working of
Contractors
• A large number of men and machinery are deployed by the
contractors for track renewals, gauge conversions, doublings,
bridge rebuilding etc.
• It is therefore essential that adequate safety measures are
taken for safety of the trains as well as the work force.
 Safe Working of
Contractors
• The following measures should invariably be adopted:
• The contractor shall not start any work without the presence of
railway supervisor or his representative and contractor’s
supervisor at site.
• A competency certificate to the contractor’s supervisor as per
proforma annexed shall be issued by ADEN which will be valid
only for the work for which it has been issued.
COMPETENCY CERTIFICATE
Certified that shri.............................................. P.Way
supervisor of M/s ...................................................... has been
examined regarding P.Way working
on .......................................... work. His knowledge has been
found satisfactory and he is capable of supervising the work
safely.

Assistant Divisional Engineer

 Safe Working of
Contractors
• The following measures should invariably be adopted:
• And he also ensure the contractor’s supervisors and the workers
have clearly understood the safety aspects and requirements to
be adopted/ followed while executing the work.
• There shall be an Assurance register kept at each site, which will
have to be signed by both, i.e. Railway Supervisor or his
representative as well as the contractor’s supervisor as a token
of their having understood the safety precautions to be
observed at site
 Safe Working of
Contractors
• The following measures should invariably be adopted:
• Wherever the road vehicles and/or machinery are required to
work in the close vicinity of railway line, the work shall be so
carried out that there is no infringement to the Railway’s
Schedule of Dimensions.
• The area where road vehicles and/or machinery are required to
ply, shall be demarcated and acknowledged by the contractor.
• Special care shall be taken for turning/reversal of road
vehicles/machinery without infringing the running track.
• Barricading shall be provided wherever justified and feasible as
per site conditions.
 Safe Working of
Contractors
• The following measures should invariably be adopted:
• The look out and whistle caution orders shall be issued to the
trains and speed restrictions imposed where considered
necessary.
• Suitable flagmen/detonators shall be provided where necessary
for protection of trains.
• The supervisor/workmen should be counselled about safety
measures.
• The ballast/rails/sleepers/other P.Way materials after unloading
along track should be kept clear off moving dimensions and
stacked as per the specified heights and distance from the
running track.
 Safe Working of
Contractors
• The following measures should invariably be adopted:
• Supplementary site-specific instructions, wherever
considered necessary, shall be issued by the Engineer in-
charge.
• The Engineer in-charge shall approve the methodology
proposed to be adopted by the contractor, with a view to
ensure safety of trains, passengers and workers.
• Ensure that the methods and arrangements are actually
available at site before start of the work.
Safety precautions at work site near running
track
Responsibility of safety of train operation vests with
• Open line Organization and
• Agency executing project work.
Issues related to safety to be addressed
Way and means of safety norms to be planned and
implemented by
• Agency executing works.
• Supervisors executing works.
Officials of open line are directly responsible for safety
of train operation at field level.
Safety precautions at work site
near running track
Engineering official in-charge is responsible for safety of trains
• When works are carried out directly under their supervision.
• Continuously monitor that safety precautions are taken by
other organizations when works are carried out close to
running track.
• Incidents of cranes , road vehicles and machinery working
close to track leading unsafe conditions to be curbed.
• Open line official and staff are to monitor and ensure safety
instructions are on the extant subject are compiled
 Green Notice system

Practice of taking up the work with issue of Green notice is

important and must be ensured.
Before commencement of work engineer in-charge at work
site will submit a certificate with request for issuing green
notice to Division head through ADEN / DEN / Sr.DEN that all
standards prescribed methods and arrangements for
protecting the running line has been put in place.
Work shall not be allowed to start without green notice.
Safety precautions at work site
near running track
Systematic planning and implementation
All works planned for execution shall be carried out
 Only after preparation of detailed plans.
 Getting clearances from engineering department
open line.
 Approval from competent authority after ensuring
the work will not infringe the prescribed SOD or
aggravate the existing infringement.
Safety precautions at work site
near running track
• Measures to be ensured prior to start of work
• Before permitting execution of work it shall be ensured
especially those works which are to be carried out close to
running track the detail plans for safe execution of work are
made out in advance by concerned department i.e.,
Construction, S & T, & Electrical etc. and such work should be
permitted to be taken up only.
• Name &address of contractor assigned to execute work.
• Contractor list of number’s of individual vehicles names and
license particulars of the driver proposed to work.
Safety precautions at work site
near running track
• Measures to be ensured prior to start of work
• Information regarding location, duration and timings during which
the vehicles are planned to be plied.
• Survey of site by contractor & railway supervisor to assess the
precautions to be taken at work site.
• Advise to sectional ADEN/SE (P.Way/Works) about the detail
planning of work including protection of track and safety measures
proposed to be adopted.
• Contractor has deputed trained supervisors at work sites duly
certified by ADEN/XEN in charge of work site.
• Supervisor/workman have been counselled about the safety and
precautions to be taken while moving/working close to traffic.
Competency certificate to be issued by ADEN/XEN in-charge of
work after examining the supervisor of the contractor regarding
safe working in proximity of track.
Safety precautions at work site
near running track
• Measures to be ensured prior to start of work
• Sectional ADEN should know the names of supervisors of
construction organisation/ other organisations who are going
to be site in-charge.
• Before start of work land adjacent to running track shall be
demarcated by lime in advance at appropriate distances from
centre of track.
• Erection and maintenance of barricading as per design to be
done in full length of work site. This is essential to prevent
road vehicles coming close to track and infringe moving
dimensions.
Safety precautions at work site
near running track
• Measures to be ensured prior to start of work
• Deployment of security team by executing organization to
prevent theft of barricading materials if required.
• Issue of permit to authorized road vehicles deployed by the
organization and their contractors with suitable training to staff
to operate them
• Check list to be prepared and ensured all requisite measures
have been taken before start of work.
Safety precautions at work site
near running track
• Measures to be ensured during execution of work.
• Maintenance of Assurance register duly signed by contractor
supervisor working at site.
• Contractors supervisors and workers have clearly understood
the safety aspects and the requirements to be
adopted/followed while executing the work. (Para 826 of
IRPWM).
• Contractor shall not allow any road vehicle belonging to him
or his suppliers etc to ply within 6 meters of centre of running
line without presence of railway supervisor.
Special Precautions for
the road vehicle working
adjacent to track
 Special Precautions for the road
vehicle working adjacent to track
• Contractor shall not start any work without the presence of railway
supervisor or his representative and contractor supervisor at site.
• Contractor vehicle shall ply only between sunrise and sunset. In case of
emergency night working may be allowed with provision of sufficient
light and additional staff and special instructions given at site to be
adhered.
• Whenever work is to be carried out in the close vicinity of railway line
the work shall be so carried out that there is no infringement to SOD.
• Look out and whistle caution orders shall be issued to trains and SR
imposed where ever necessary is considered..
• Suitable flag mans and detonator to be provided where necessary for
protection of track.
Special Precautions for the road
vehicle working adjacent to track

Ensure-
1. Survey of site by supervisor of contractor & Railway’s
supervisor to assess the precautions to be taken at site.
2. The land strip adjacent to running track where road
vehicle/ machinery is to ply for work shall be demarcated
by line in advance at the appropriate distance.
Special Precautions for the road
vehicle working adjacent to track

3. Barricading as per design shall be provided in full length of

work area.
4. The work site shall be suitably demarcated to keep public
and passenger away from work area.
5. Signage boards such as ‘Work in progress’ etc. to be
provided at appropriate locations to warn public/passengers.
A) Marking of White Line with
Lime

6000 mm
150 mm wide line with lime

Vehicles can Ply in this area

B) Provision of Barricading
Luminous Tape/ Red color
OR Nylon Rope 12 mm thick Post (Bamboo/
Steel/ Concrete)
1200 mm

3500 mm

Elevation of Barricading
B) Provision of Barricading

3500 mm
Barricading

Vehicles can Ply in this area

B) Provision of Barricading …..
For items of barricading, Sign Board like “Work in progress”,
walkie – talkie sets, mobile phones, look out man etc.,
suitable provision may be incorporated in the tender
conditions as per site requirement.
Measures to be ensured during
execution of the work

1. Contractor to depute only trained supervisors at site.

2. Drivers of vehicle/machines to be briefed about safety
and precautions to be taken while moving/working
close to traffic.
3. No vehicle within 6 meters of centre of running line
without presence of Railway Supervisor.
Measures to be ensured during
execution of the work …
4. All temporary arrangement required to be made during
execution of work to be made in such a manner that moving
dimensions do not infringe.
5. Protection of track and issuing caution order in case any
vehicle/machinery to work within 6 meter of centre of track
but more than 3.5 meter.
C) Plying of vehicles between 3.5
M and 6 M from Center of Track

3500 mm

Contractor Railway
Supervisor Supervisor

6000 mm
Contd. …
6. In case work is planned to be done within 3.5 meter of
center line of running track, ensure that work is done under
block protection.
7. Before digging in station area, take proper permission from
concerned department and do the work in presence of
Railway’s representative. If any cable is found, stop the work
D) Plying of vehicles within 3.5 M
from Center of Track

1200 M

Contractor Railway
Supervisor Supervisor

150 mm wide line with lime

3500 mm
THANKS