Foot Anatomy Refresher
Bones, Joints, Ligaments, Muscles,
Nerves, Artery and Vein
Facts about Feet
• In every step we strike, an average of 140
pounds(60kg) weight passes through each
foot
• Over the course of a day , a man weighing 170
pounds(75kg) and imposing 8000 steps,
imposes a total of 1,000 tons on his feet and
shoes
Ref: Professional shoe fitting, PFA
Facts about Feet
• 55 – 95 litres of blood flowing through each foot
daily
• 26 bones
• 32 muscles(19 within the foot)
• 38 joints
• 107 ligaments
• 60,000 sweat glands
Ref: Professional shoe fitting, PFA
Foot bones
Dorsal and Plantar Views
Foot Bones
Lateral and
Medial
Views
Foot
division-
Rear Foot
Mid Foot
Fore Foot
1.Subtalar joint
(Talo-Calcaneal
joint)-medial
1.Subtalar joint
(Talo-Calcaneal
joint)-Back
MIDTARSAL JOINT (TRANSVERSE TARSAL JOINT OR CHOPART’S JOINT))
2. Mid-tarsal joint
(transverse tarsal joint
or
Chopart’s
joint)
2. Mid-Tarsal joint
(Transverse
Tarsal joint or
Chopart’s joint)
3.Tarso-
Metatarsal
Joints
(Lisfranc’s
Joint)
Biomechanical division
(medial and lateral
portions)
Medial portion or column:
• Calcaneus; talus; navicular;
three cuneiforms; first, second,
and third metatarsals with their
respective phalanges; and the
constant sesamoids
Lateral portion or column:
• Calcaneus; cuboid; and fourth
and fifth metatarsals with their
respective phalanges
Foot ligaments
Lateral ankle ligaments
• Anterior talofibular
• Posterior talofibular
• Calcaneofibular
Medial ankle ligaments or deltoid
ligament
Superficial:
• Tibionavicular,
• calcaneotibial, and
• superficial posterior talotibial
Deep:
• Anterior talotibial and
• deep posterior talotibial
Mid tarsal joint ligament
• Dorsal calcaneocuboid
• Spring (plantar calcaneonavicular)
Bifurcate
Short plantar
Long plantar
Muscles related to Foot
Nerves related to foot-
Dorsal View
Deep
Peroneal
nerve
Superficial
peroneal
nerve
Sural
nerve
Nerves related to foot-Medial side
View
Deep
peroneal
nerve
Superficial Saphenous
peroneal nerve
nerve
Medial
planter
nerve
Lateral
planter
nerve
Medial
calcaneal
nerve
Nerves related to foot-
Plantar View
Common
planter
digital
nerves
Lateral
Sural planter
nerve nerve
Medial
planter
Tibial nerve
nerve
Medial
Calcaneal
nerve
Nerves related to foot-
Lateral View
Superficial
peroneal
nerve
Medial
planter
nerve
Lateral
planter
nerve
Tibial
nerve Sural
nerve
Medial
calcaneal
nerve
Arteries related to foot-Dorsal, Medial and
Plantar
Arcuate Planter
artery digital artery
Dorsal
1st dorsal
digital artery
metatarsal
artery
Lateral
Medial planter
tarsal artery artery
Lateral
Medial
tarsal artery
planter
Dorsalis artery
pedis artery
Posterior
tibial artery
Veins related to Foot-Dorsal, Lateral and
Plantar
Planter digital veins
Dorsal
venous
arch
Planter
Long cutaneous
saphenous venous arch
vein
Planter
Short
metatarsal
saphenous
veins
vein
Anterior
tibial vein
Posterior
tibial vein
