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Design Analysis and Algorithm

The document outlines a comprehensive course on algorithm design and analysis, covering key topics such as computational models, divide and conquer methods, greedy algorithms, dynamic programming, and backtracking. It includes definitions, examples, and applications of various algorithms, emphasizing their importance in computer science. The conclusion summarizes the key concepts and suggests further study for advanced algorithms.

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25 views7 pages

Design Analysis and Algorithm

The document outlines a comprehensive course on algorithm design and analysis, covering key topics such as computational models, divide and conquer methods, greedy algorithms, dynamic programming, and backtracking. It includes definitions, examples, and applications of various algorithms, emphasizing their importance in computer science. The conclusion summarizes the key concepts and suggests further study for advanced algorithms.

Uploaded by

deathbringergodonearth
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Design Analysis

and Algorithm
Unit I - Introduction to
Computational Model
 1. RAM Model
 - Understanding the Random Access Machine model for theoretical analysis of algorithms.
 2. Algorithms and Their Importance
 - Definition, significance, and application of algorithms in computer science.
 3. Recurrences and Asymptotic Notations
 - Solving recurrence relations with asymptotic notations (Big O, Theta, Omega).
 4. Growth of Functions
 - Analyzing function growth to compare algorithm efficiencies.
 5. Mathematical Analysis of Algorithms
 - Analysis of both non-recursive and recursive algorithms.
 6. Review of Sorting & Searching Algorithms
 - Overview of sorting (e.g., Quick Sort) and searching (e.g., Binary Search).
 7. Basic Tree and Graph Concepts
 - Binary Search Trees, Height-Balanced Trees, B-Trees, and traversal techniques.
Unit II - Divide and Conquer
Method
 1. Introduction to Divide and Conquer
 - Solving problems by dividing them into smaller sub-problems.
 2. Examples of Divide and Conquer Algorithms:
 - Finding Maximum and Minimum in an array
 - Binary Search: Efficient searching in sorted arrays
 - Merge Sort: Sorting by dividing arrays and merging
 - Quick Sort: Pivot-based sorting technique
 - Strassen's Matrix Multiplication: Efficient matrix multiplication
algorithm.
Unit III - Greedy Method

 1. Introduction to Greedy Method


 - Characteristics of greedy algorithms and greedy choice property.
 2. Greedy Activity Selection Problem
 - Selecting maximum non-overlapping activities.
 3. Minimum Cost Spanning Trees
 - Prim's Algorithm: Growing a tree from a single vertex
 - Kruskal's Algorithm: Adding edges to avoid cycles.
 4. Knapsack Problem
 - Maximizing profit with weight constraints using greedy approach.
 5. Single Source Shortest Path
 - Dijkstra’s Algorithm for shortest paths in weighted graphs.
 6. Huffman Coding
 - Greedy algorithm for data compression.
Unit IV - Dynamic Programming

 1. Introduction to Dynamic Programming


 - Solving problems by breaking them into overlapping sub-problems.
 2. Principle of Optimality
 - Foundation of dynamic programming solutions.
 3. Examples of Dynamic Programming Problems:
 - 0/1 Knapsack Problem: Optimization of items in a knapsack
 - Travelling Salesman Problem: Finding the shortest tour visiting each city
 - Floyd's All-Pairs Shortest Path: Shortest paths between all pairs in a
graph
 - Longest Common Subsequence: Finding the longest common sequence
in strings
 - Reliability Design: Optimizing system reliability.
Unit V - Backtracking and Branch
& Bound
 1. Backtracking Concepts
 - Systematic search and exploration with constraints.
 2. Examples of Backtracking Problems:
 - 4-Queen’s Problem: Placing queens with no conflicts
 - Knapsack Problem: Optimization with backtracking
 - Hamiltonian Circuit Problem: Tour that visits each vertex once
 - Graph Coloring Problem: Assigning colors under constraints
 3. Branch and Bound
 - Optimization approach for exhaustive search.
 4. Examples of Branch and Bound Problems:
 - Travelling Salesperson Problem: Finding the shortest tour
 5. NP Completeness
 - Introduction to complexity theory: P vs NP, NP-Hard, NP-Complete problems.
Conclusion

 1. Summary of Key Topics


 - Recap of main concepts covered in the course.
 2. Importance of Advanced Algorithms
 - Real-world applications and relevance of advanced
algorithms.
 3. Next Steps
 - Suggestions for further study and practice.

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