Class X Maths Polynomials
Uploaded by
satyendra795Class X Maths Polynomials
Uploaded by
satyendra795Class X Mathematics –
Polynomials
CBSE Curriculum | Chapter 2
Overview
Introduction to Polynomials
• An algebraic expression of the form:
• P(x) = a₀ + a₁x + a₂x² + ... + axⁿ, where aₙ ≠ 0
• a₀, a₁, ..., aₙ are real numbers (coefficients)
• n is a non-negative integer (degree of the
polynomial)
Types of Polynomials
• Based on degree:
• • Constant Polynomial (degree 0): e.g. P(x) = 7
• • Linear Polynomial (degree 1): e.g. P(x) = 2x +
3
• • Quadratic Polynomial (degree 2): e.g. P(x) =
x² + 5x + 6
• • Cubic Polynomial (degree 3): e.g. P(x) = x³ +
2x² + x + 1
Degree and Terms
• • Degree: Highest power of variable in
polynomial
• • Terms: Parts of polynomial separated by '+'
or '-'
• • Coefficient: Numeric factor of a term
Zeros of a Polynomial
• Zero: Value of x for which P(x) = 0
• Example: If P(x) = x² - 4, then zeros are x = 2, –
2
• A polynomial of degree n can have at most n
zeros
Relationship Between Zeros and
Coefficients
• For Quadratic Polynomial: ax² + bx + c
• Sum of zeros = –b/a
• Product of zeros = c/a
• Example: P(x) = x² – 5x + 6 → sum = 5, product
=6
Division Algorithm for Polynomials
• If P(x) and G(x) are polynomials, then:
• P(x) = G(x) × Q(x) + R(x)
• Where:
• • G(x) ≠ 0
• • Q(x) is quotient, R(x) is remainder
• • Degree of R(x) < degree of G(x)
Summary
• • Polynomial: Expression with variables and
powers
• • Types: Constant, Linear, Quadratic, Cubic
• • Zeros: Solve P(x) = 0
• • Zeros-Coefficients Relationship for quadratic
polynomials
• • Division Algorithm: P(x) = G(x)Q(x) + R(x)
