IN THIS CLASSROOM
YOU ARE EXPECTED TO LEARN
M Make it to the class on time and
prepared to do work.
A Ask permission to speak by first raising
your hand
T Talk respectfully to your teachers and
your peers
H Hand in your best work by checking it
twice for mistakes
OBJECTIVES
• Define ratio and proportion
• Applies the fundamental
theorems of proportionality to
solve problems involving
proportions
• Solve for the unknown term in a
proportion.
• Value the importance and
usefulness of ratio and proportion
Activity 1: Exploration
Answer the following survey.
1. Number of Girl in the class compared to
boys
2. Number of ballpen in your bag compared
to your notebooks.
3. Number of Chairs compared to tables in
your room.
4. Number of Siblings in your family
compared to the siblings of your
seatmate.
5. Number of girls with short hair compared
to girls with Long hair.
WHAT IS RATIO ?
It is the comparison of two numbers
(by division).
It is an indicated quotient of two
quantities of the same
kind ,expressed in the same unit or
measure.
Example:
"the ratio of computer to students is
now 1 to 2“
“The ratio of computer to
students is now 1 to 2“
It can be written in two ways:
1. Fractions
2. Colon 1:2
WHAT IS PROPORTION ?
Proportion is the equality of two
ratios.
Fundamental Rule of Proportion
mean
s
extremes
In the proportion
a:b = c:d,
a and d are called the
extremes of the
proportion while
b and c are the
means.
Examples :
Identify the means and
extremes.
MEANS EXTREMES
EXAMPLE 4 and 5 2 and 6
2:4=5:6
1. 3: 2 =
15:10
2. 5:2 = 50:
20
3. 1:6 = 3:
18
4. 2: 9 = 4:
Examples :
Identify the means and
extremes.
MEANS EXTREMES
6. 1: 3 =
15:45
7. 8:4 =
10: 5
8. 12:4 =
3: 1
9. 3: 6 =
6: 12
10. 7: 2=
LET’S
CHECK
Examples :
Identify the means and
extremes. MEANS EXTREMES
EXAMPLE 4 and 5 2 and 10
2:4=5:
10
1. 3: 2 = 2 and 15 3 and 10
15:10
2. 5:2 = 50: 2 and 50 5 and 20
20
3. 1:6 = 3: 6 and 3 1 and 18
MEANS EXTREMES
6. 1: 3 = 3 and 15 1 and 45
15:45
7. 8:4 = 4 and 10 8 and 5
10: 5
8. 12:4 = 4 and 3 12 and 1
3: 1
9. 3: 6 = 6 and 6 2 and 12
6: 12
10. 7: 2= 2 and 21 7 and 6
21: 6
Proportion
Theorem
In a proportion, the product of
the means equals the product of
the extremes.
Examples:
Find the value of x in each
proportion 1. 2:4 = 8 : x
Find the value of x in each
proportion
1. 2:4 = 8 : x
solution:
(2)(x) = (4)(8)
=
x = 16
Find the value of x in each
proportion
2. =
x(5) = 2(10)
5x= 20
=
x=4
Find the value of x in each
proportion
1. =
2. =
3. =
4. =
5. =
Geometric
Theorem
Remember:
If a,b, and c are positive numbers and = ,
then b is called the geometric mean of a
and c
The proportion, = implies that =ac by the
theorem above, and hence b=.
Examples:
Find the geometric mean of:
Find the geometric mean of:
1. 4 and 9
Solution:
b=
b=6
Find the geometric mean of:
2. 2 and 8
Solution:
b=
b=4
ACTIVITY(boardwork):
Find the geometric mean of:
1. 3 and 27
2. 2 and 32
3. 1 and 25
4. 72 and 2
5. 13 and 13
The equality of two ratios
is called a proportion.
The principle of
proportion states that the
product of the means is
equal to the product of
ASSESSMENT
Find the unknown term of each
proportion
1. 4:2 = x:25
2. 3:4=9:x
3.
4.
5.
B. Find the Geometric mean
1. 2 and 50
2. 12 and 3
3. 27 and 3
4. 49 and 4
5. 80 and 5
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
A school had 180 boys and 240 girls
attending.
(a)What is the ratio of boys to girls?
(b)What is the ratio of girls to boys?
(c) What is the ratio of students to
boys?
(d) What is the ratio of girls to
students?
(e) Which type of ratio was used for
