Arts Promotion and
Preservation
Review:
Major Traditions in Philippine Arts
1. Ethnic Tradition (art forms and practices of
indigenous Philippine cultures focusing on everyday living)
2. Spanish-Colonial Tradition ( religious art,
church architecture, and certain forms of music and dance
influenced by Spanish culture)
3. American Colonial and Contemporary
Tradition
(It includes the adoption of Western artistic styles, as well as
the development of contemporary art forms)
Timeline of Philippine Arts
Social
National Realism
Identity (granting
of independence)
Orientalizing
(Indigenous and Contemporary Era
traditions)
Secular Forms
Modern Era
of Art (non-
religious)
Faith and Japanese
Catechism Era
Geometric
American Era
Designs
Integral to Spanish
life
Era
Islamic Art
Ethnic Art
Pre – 13th C. AD 13th C. AD 1521-1898 1898-1940 1941-1945 1946-1969 1970’s - present
Activity 1
Art is a national heritage that is essential
in building the nation and ensuring
democracy. Paintings, sculptures, songs,
dances, poetry, and other art forms
remind people of the origins, histories,
struggles, and triumphs of the nation.
When citizens are conscious and proud
of their cultural heritage, they became
active agents in nation building.
Activity 2
"Spoliarium" by Juan Luna:
This powerful painting depicting the aftermath of a gladiatorial contest in ancient Rome is, a
dramatic portrayal of suffering and loss, a potent symbol of struggle and resilience, and is
considered a significant work in Philippine art history and a national treasure
"The Making of the Philippine Flag" by Fernando Amorsolo:
This painting captures a significant moment in Philippine history – the historical event of
the first Philippine flag being made. It portrays three women, Marcela Agoncillo, her
daughter Lorenza, and Delfina Herbosa de Natividad, sewing the flag under orders from
General Emilio Aguinaldo. The painting serves as a reminder of the Philippine flag's
creation and the importance of national identity, honoring the women who sewed the
first flag and the significance of Philippine independence.
Planting Rice" by Fernando Amorsolo:
This painting, along with other works by Amorsolo, celebrates rural
life and the Filipino people's connection to the land. It symbolizes the
hard work, resilience, and community cooperation of Filipino farmers.
"España y Filipinas" by Juan Luna:
Painted in 1884, depicts Spain guiding the Philippines towards
progress, symbolized by a shared ascent up a grand staircase.. The
painting is an allegorical representation of the colonial relationship
between Spain and the Philippines during the late 19th century.
As part of the democratic thrust
of the Corazon Aquino
administration, Executive Order
No. 118 created the Presidential
Commission on Culture and the
Arts (PCCA) in 1987 and five years
later, Republic Act 7356
established the National
Commission for Culture and the
Arts(NCCA).
National Commission for Culture
and the Arts (NCCA)
The creation of the NCCA serves as the state’s
initiative to promote and develop art and culture
awareness in the country.
The NCCA, through its committees and
subcommittees, ensures that the interests of
the various regions are represented. There are
six arts and cultural government agencies
under the NCCA.
1. CCP
2. NHCP
3. National Museum of the Philippines
4. National Library of the Philippines
5. National Archives of the Philippines
6. Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino (KWF)
1. Cultural Center of the
Philippines (CCP)
The Cultural Center of the Philippines (Filipino
: Sentrong Pangkultura ng Pilipinas, or CCP) is a
government owned and controlled corporation
established to preserve, develop and promote arts
and culture in the Philippines.
For almost 50 years, CCP has been serving as the
premier venue in the Philippines for culture and the
arts.
It has hosted numerous shows and exhibitions on
both performance and visual arts.
CCP is responsible for bringing together the
different arts from various regions to the entire
country and the world.
It is home to the nine artistic resident companies
namely:
1. National Music Competition for Young Artists
Foundation (NAMCYA)
2. Ballet Philippines
3. Philippine Madrigal Singers
4. Philippine Ballet Theater
5. UST Symphony Orchestra
6. Tanghalang Pilipino
7. Bayanihan Philippine National Folk Dance Company
8. Ramon Obusan Folkloric Group
9. Philippine Philharmonic Orchestra
These companies regularly stage productions, conduct
workshops, and provide outreach to the community.
2. National Historical Commission
of the Philippines (NHCP)
The NHCP was created with a vision of “ a
Filipino society with citizens informed of
their history, who love their country and
are proud of their cultural heritage.”
The NHCP carries out its mandate by
promoting “Philippine history and cultural
heritage through research, dissemination,
conservation, sites management, and
heraldry works”.
Much of the work done by the NHCP is the
identification, conservation, and restoration of
historical sites around the different regions of the
country.
Through the efforts of the NHCP, Filipinos may
have “awareness and appreciation of the noble
deeds and ideals of our heroes and other
illustrious Filipinos, to instill pride in the Filipino
trace and to rekindle the Filipino spirit through the
lesson of history,” to have a nation whose people
value the past looking into the future.
Recently, the NHCP erected and dedicated a
monument in Parang, Maguidanao, in honor of
Salipada K. Pendatun, to honor his invaluable
contribution in Philippine history.
3. National Museum of the
Philippines
The National Museum of the Philippines is a government
institution in the Philippines and serves as an educational,
scientific and cultural institution in preserving the various
permanent national collections featuring the ethnographic,
anthropological, archaeological and visual artistry of the
Philippines. Since 1998, the National Museum has been the
regulatory and enforcement agency of the
National Government in the restoring and safeguarding of
important cultural properties, sites and reservations
throughout the Philippines.
The National Museum of the Philippines is the country’s
repository of archaeological artifacts, national treasures, and
rare specimens found and produced in the country.
The main task of this institution is to solicit, document,
preserve, exhibit, and promote the natural and artificial
wonders of the Philippines.
The National Museum is also responsible for
putting up a network of museums around the
country to serve as a local destination of the
diverse natural and cultural heritage of the
country.
The National Museum has two main divisions –
the Natural History Museum and the National Art
Gallery.
The most valuable artwork housed in the National
Museum is Juan Luna’s opus, Spolarium. It is the
largest painting in the Philippines
(4.22mx7.675m). It is the winning masterpiece at
the Exposicion de Bellas Artes in Madrid, Spain, in
1884.
Activity 3
Spoliarium is a Latin word that refers to
the basement of the Roman Colosseum,
where fallen and dying gladiators were
dumped.
The Spoliarium is a recreation of Roman
circus, where dead gladiators are being
dragged off the arena.
It is usually interpreted as a visual
metaphor/representation of the suffering
the Filipino people experienced during the
Spanish colonial period.
4. National Library of the
Philippines (NLP)
Established in 1901, the NLP was then called the
American Circulating Library to serve as “memorial to
American servicemen who died in Philippine soil”.
The National Library of the Philippines can trace its
history to the establishment of the Museo-Biblioteca de
Filipinas (Museum-Library of the Philippines), established
by a royal order of the Spanish government on August
12, 1887.
Today, the NLP has the mandate of serving as a
“repository of the printed and recorded cultural heritage
of the country and other intellectual literary and
information sources” and providing “access to these
resources for our people’s intellectual growth, citizenship
building, lifelong learning and enlightenment.”
The NLP is home to rare books and documents
such as Acta de la Proclamation de la
Independencia del Pueblo Filipino and the
manuscript of the trial of Andres Bonifacio.
The collections of the National Library of the Philippines consist of
more than 210,000 books; over 880,000 manuscripts, all part of
the Filipiniana Division; more than 170,000 newspaper issues from
Metro Manila and across the Philippines; some 66,000 theses and
dissertations; 104,000 government publications; 3,800 maps and
53,000 photographs.The library's collections include large
numbers of materials stored on various forms of non-print media,
as well as almost 18,000 pieces for use of the Library for the Blind
Division.
Overall, the National Library has over 1.6 million pieces in its
collections,one of the largest among Philippine libraries.
Accounted in its collections include valuable Rizaliana pieces, four
incunabula, the original manuscript of Lupang Hinirang (the
National Anthem), several sets of The Philippine Islands, 1493-
1898, a collection of rare Filipiniana books previously owned by
the Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas, and the documents
of five Philippine Presidents.The most prized possessions of the
National Library, which include Rizal's Noli Me Tangere, El
Filibusterismo and Mi último adiós, three of his unfinished novels
and the Philippine Declaration of Independence, are kept in a
special double-combination vault at the rare documents section of
the Filipiniana Division's reading room.
5. The National Archives of the
Philippines
The National Archives of the Philippines (Filipino
: Pambansang Sinupan ng Pilipinas and
abbreviated NAP) is an agency of the
Republic of the Philippines mandated to collect, store,
preserve and make available, archival records of the
Government and other primary sources pertaining to
the history and development of the Country. It is the
primary records management agency, tasked to
formulate and implement the records schedule and
vital records protection programs for the government.
The history of the National Archives goes back to the
Treaty of Paris in 1898 :which stipulated the
relinquishment or cession of documents from Spanish to
American authorities and provided for the preservation
of documents.”
To be seen at the National Archives of the
Philippines is a map and plan dating 1883 for
the Archbishop’s Palace of Nueva Segovia as
approved by the Governor General of the
Philippines.
The Archives is currently headquartered in the
National Library of the Philippines and
maintains offices and facilities in Paco, Manila,
Cebu, and Davao.
In the Archive's holdings are 13 million Spanish-era
documents and another 60 million cataloged public
documents.[3] The holdings is divided into two major
collections:
Spanish Period Collection (1552–1900)
Documents
Plans
American and Republic Period Collection (1900–
Present)
Government Agencies
Civil Records
Notarial Documents
Japanese War Crime Records
Cattle Brands
Aside from the records of defunct government agencies, the
National Archives also houses the records of colleges and
universities closed by the Commission on Higher Education.
6. Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino (KWF)
The KWF or the Commission on the Filipino Language is
the official regulating body of the Filipino language and
the official government institution tasked with
developing, preserving, and promoting the various
local Philippine languages. It was created via Republic
Act No. 7104: “Congress shall establish a national
language commission composed of representatives of
various regions and disciplines which shall undertake,
coordinate and promote researches for the
development, propagation, and preservation of Filipino
and other Philippine languages”.
To promote and develop our national language, the KWF
has annually given the Talaang Ginto: Makata ng Taon
for Filipino poetry, Aklat ng Bayan, and other grants or
programs on fundings, awards, and projects.
Original commission members (circa
1937)
Jaime C. de Veyra (Waray-Waray Visayan),
Chairman[4]
Santiago A. Fonacier (Ilocano), Member
Casimiro F. Perfecto (Bicolano), Member
Felix S. Salas Rodriguez (Hiligaynon Visayan),
Member
Filemon Sotto (Cebuano Visayan), Member
Cecilio López (Tagalog), Member and Secretary
Hadji Butu (Moro), Member
Board of Commissioners (present)
VIRGILIO S. ALMARIO (Chairman of the
Commission/Tagapangulo)
JIMMY B. FONG (Mga Wika sa Kahilagaang Pamayanang Kultural)
LORNA E. FLORES (Mga Wika sa Katimugang Pamayanang
Kultural)
JOHN E. BARRIOS (Hiligaynon)
ORLANDO B. MAGNO (Cebuano)
MA. CRISANTA N. FLORES (Pangasinan)
LUCENA P. SAMSON (Kapampangan)
PURIFICACION DELIMA (Ilocano)
ABDON M. BALDE JR. (Bicolano)
JERRY B. GRACIO (Waray-Waray)
NORIAM H. LADJAGAIS (Mga Wika sa Muslim Mindanao)
ROBERTO T. AÑONUEVO - Director General of the Commission
The KWF or the Commission on the Filipino
Language approved through RA 11106 the
Filipino Sign Language Act on December 2021
to promote inclusivity and equal participation
of persons with disabilities, particularly deaf in
education, media, and workplaces.
Evaluation
Activity 1
Directions: Answer the following questions below
in your notebook. 1. How does the government
preserve and promote arts and culture of our
country?
2. Why is art essential in building the nation?
Activity 2
Directions: Identify what is asked in each of the
following numbers. Write your answers in your
notebooks.
1. What agency is the country’s overall policy making
body, coordinating, and grants giving agency for the
preservation, development, and promotion of Philippine
arts and culture?
2. What agency has been serving as the premier venue in
the Philippines for culture and the arts?
3. What agency has been created with a vision of “ a
Filipino society with citizens informed of their history, who
love their country and are proud of their cultural heritage?
4. Recently, the NHCP erected and dedicated a monument
in Parang, Maguidanao, in honor of whom?
5. What government institution in the Philippines that serves
as an educational, scientific and cultural institution in
preserving the various permanent national collections
featuring the ethnographic, anthropological, archaeological
and visual artistry of the Philippines?
6-7. The National Museum has two main divisions. What are
they?
8. What is the most valuable artwork housed in the National
Museum?
9. What agency has been serving as a “repository of the
printed and recorded cultural heritage of the country and
other intellectual literary and information sources” and
providing “access to these resources for our people’s
intellectual growth, citizenship building, lifelong learning and
enlightenment”?
10. Overall, the National Library has over how may pieces in
its collections?
11-15. Enumerate the five most prized possessions of the
16. The National Archives of the Philippines in tagalog is
called what?
17-18. In the Archive's holdings, how many are Spanish-
era documents and how many are cataloged public
documents?
19. What is the official government institution tasked
with developing, preserving, and promoting the various
local Philippine languages?
20. What Republic Act states that “Congress shall
establish a national language commission composed of
representatives of various regions and disciplines which
shall undertake, coordinate and promote researches for
the development, propagation, and preservation of
Filipino and other Philippine languages?
Activity 3
Directions: Complete the table below.
What are the six arts and What are the functions of
cultural government each agency? Give at least
agencies under the NCCA? two.
1. *
*
2. *
*
3. *
*
4. *
*
5. *
*
6. *
*
