PROGRAMME ON QUALITY CONTROL & ASSURANCE
Sankha Bhattacharya, BENGAL AMBUJA HOUSING DEVOLOPMENT LIMITED.
WHAT IS QUALITY ?
TRADITIONAL DEFINITIONS OF QUALITY
FITNESS FOR PURPOSE CONFORMANCE TO SPECIFICATION VALUE FOR MONEY
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION / CUSTOMER
DELIGHT
DOING IT RIGHT THE FIRST TIME AND EVERY TIME
JUST IN TIME REDUCTION OF VARIABILITY
STANDARD DEFINITION OF QUALITY
The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics (distinguishing feature) fulfils requirements. (expected or stated, generally implied or obligatory). ( AS PER ISO 9000-2000)
EVOLUTION OF QUALITY
INSPECTION
Conformity evaluation by observation and judgment accompanied as appropriate by measurement, testing or gauging.
QUALITY CONTROL (QC)
Part of Quality Management focused on fulfilling Quality requirements.
QUALITY ASSURANCE (QA)
Part of Quality Management focused on providing confidence that the Quality requirements will be fulfilled.
QUALITY
-CONTROL -ASSURANCE -MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
QC
DETECTION CODES & STANDARDS
QA
PREVENTION ISO 9001/2/3 1987 - 2000
QMS
DIRECTION
ISO 9001 - 2000
PDCA CYCLE
Take corrective action, standardize & feed forward to the next plan
ACT PLAN
Prepare Plan
Progress
Verify results of the plan
CHECK
DO
Implement the plan on a small scale
QUALITY CONTROL CONCEPTS
Setting up of standards and specifications Evaluating materials,processes and outputs through appropriate tests, inspection etc. Appraising failure to these standards and acting when standards are not being adhered to.Planning for improvements in standards and specifications
STAGES OF QC
QC FUNCTIONS
Development of specifications Interaction with project designers Reliability and development testing QC of incoming materials Vendor QC and vendor development Quality planning for control of construction process Inspection and testing during construction Various interaction Records and procedures
CONT
1] 2] 3] 4] QC record accumulation Document control procedure In built drawing control procedure Non conformance control procedure
METHOD OF INSPECTION
Individual inspection for physical parameters Laboratory test Destructive testing Sampling tests Process control : individual or sampling Final inspection : individual or sampling
TEST FOR CEMENT CHARACTERISTICS
Setting time (vicat-needle-apparatus) Soundness Fineness and grading Chemical composition Specific gravity Heat evolution Water retention Adulteration
AGGREGATE CHARACTERISTICS
Grading and surface area Bulk unit weight Specific gravity Absorption and surface moisture Chemical stability Resistance to freeze and thaw Abrasion resistance Crushing Impact value
TEST FOR WATER FOR CONCRETE MAKING
Organic Inorganic Sulphates Chlorides Suspended matter Hydrogen ion concentration
TEST FOR CONCRETE PRACTICES
1] Batching 2] Proportioning: - Sampling of fresh concrete - Analysis of fresh concrete 3] Mixing - Unit weight of concrete - Air content - Cement Content - Yield
4] Transportation - Moisture content - Segregation - setting time 5] Placing (workability) - Slump test - Flow test 6] Compaction - Compaction factor - Bleeding
7] Destructive Test 8] Non destructive Test 9] Test for physical properties of concrete - Durability - Shrinkage - Permeability - Modulus of elasticity (Stress/Deformation)
FREQUENCY FOR THE TEST
1] Permeability test : Investigation 5 tests on each type of soil Design 2 test for each zone separately including filter, minimum 5 tests for each quarry 2] Specific gravity: Investigation for each 0.75cum, 3 test for every zone separately, 3 tests for each quarry Design for each 0.15cum, 5 tests for each zone including filter,min.5 tests for each quarry.
QUALITY CONTROL AND INSPECTION FOR VARIOUS WORKS
Brick work Stone masonry Concrete Form-work RCC Wood and timber Painting etc.
RCC CHECKLIST
Quality and size of agg.- check sieve analysis Quality of sand Water for mixing to be of the standard specified Slump test Testing of steel reinforcement for strength Gauge of binding wires Centering and shuttering Expansion and contraction joints
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Organization structure of the project team Responsibilities and powers of the various personnel Identification of the coordinating personnel Quality Audit programmes Quality education and awareness Training Setting up of MIS for quality Preparation of QA manuals and checklists
IMPLEMENTATION
SL
1
DESCRIPTION
Work procedures to be developed phase wise with the involvement of execution team and Planning engineers Establish Procedure in field during initiation of every activity through Mockup / Orientation Stage wise clearance for Formwork, Reinforcement, Masonry works and etc., through stage checks To Proactively engage execution team and subcontractor supervisor on Quality requirements Closely monitor compliance /Checks, Highlight deviations and corrective action status on day to day basis
RESPONSIBILITY PRIMARY Field Engr SECONDARY QA/QC Engr
Field Engr
QA/QC Engr
Field Engr
--
Field Engr
QA/QC Engr
QA/QC Engr
--
IMPLEMENTATION
RESPONSIBILITY SL DESCRIPTION
PRIMARY
QA/QC Engr Field Engr
SECONDARY
Field Engr --
6 7
Identify lapses / areas for improvement Address Corrective action with clear responsibility Facilitate review in site weekly meets / MRM and ensure Corrective action effectiveness to avoid recurrence
PM
MR
