Emerging
Trends
• Hanesh.H
• Suhaib.S
• Navaneeth.S
• Sreehari
sajith
• S.Sreehari
• Abijith.V
• Krishna.R
Introduction
Many new technologies are introduced
almost every day. Some of these do
not succeed and fade away over time.
Some of these new technologies
prosper and persist over time, gaining
attention from user. Emerging trends
are the state-of-the-art technologies,
which gain popularity and set a new
trend among users.
Artificial
intelligence (AI)
The intelligent digital personal
assistants like Siri, Google Now,
Cortana, Alexa are all powered by AI.
Artificial Intelligence endeavours to
simulate the natural intelligence of
human beings into machines, thus
making them behave intelligently. An
intelligent machine is supposed to
imitate some of the cognitive
functions of humans like learning,
decision- making and problem
solving. AI system can also learn
from past experiences or outcomes
to make new decisions.
Machine
learning
Machine Learning is a subsystem of
Artificial Intelligence, wherein
computers have the ability to learn
from data using statistical
techniques, without being explicitly
programmed by a human being. It
comprises algorithms that use data
to learn on their own and make
predictions. These algorithms, called
models, are first trained and tested
using a training data. After
successive trainings, once these
models are able to give results to an
acceptable level of accuracy, they
are used to make predictions about
new and unknown data.
Natural
language
processing
(NLP)
search engine that helps us by
suggesting the next word in the
sentence while typing keywords and
the spell checking features are
examples of Natural Language
Processing (NLP). It deals with the
interaction between human and
computers using human spoken
languages. It is possible to search
the web or operate or control our
devices using our voice. All this has
been possible by NLP. An NLP
system can perform text-to-speech
and speech-to-text. machines are
able to translate texts from one
language to another with fair
Immersive
Experience
Immersive experiences allow us
to visualise, feel and react by
stimulating our senses. It
enhances our interaction and
involvement, making them more
realistic and engaging. Immersive
experiences have been used in
the field of training, such as
driving simulators , flight
simulator and so on. Immersive
experience can be achieved using
virtual reality and augmented
reality.
Virtual Reality
(VR)
Virtual Reality (VR) is a three-
dimensional, computer-generated
situation that simulates the real
world. The user can interact with
and explore that environment by
getting immersed in it while
interacting with the objects and
other actions of the user. At
present, it is achieved with the help
of VR Headsets. In order to make
the experience of VR more realistic,
it promotes other sensory
information like sound, smell,
motion, temperature, etc. It is a
comparatively new field and has
found its applications in gaming
Augmented
Reality (AR)
The superimposition of computer
generated perceptual information
over the existing physical
surroundings is called as
Augmented Reality (AR). It adds
components of the digital world to
the physical world, along with the
associated tactile and other
sensory requirements, thereby
making the environment
interactive and digitally
manipulable. With the help of
location-based AR App, travellers
can access real-time information of
Robotic
s
A robot is basically a machine
capable of carrying out one or more
tasks automatically with accuracy
and precision. Sensors are one of
the prime components of a robot.
Robot can be of many types, such
as wheeled robots, legged robots,
manipulators and humanoids
Robots that resemble humans are
known as humanoids. Robots are
being used in industries, medical
science, bionics, scientific research,
Exampl
es
NASA’s Mars
exploration rover
(MER)
Sophia: a
Humanoid
Robot
Big data
With technology making an inroad
into almost every sphere of our lives,
data is being produced at a colossal
rate. Today, there are over a billion
Internet users, and a majority of the
world’s web traffic is coming from
smartphones. Figure 2.8 shows that at
the current pace, around 2.5
quintillion bytes of data are created
each day, and the pace is increasing
with the continuous evolution of the
Internet of Things (IoT). This results in
the generation of data sets of
enormous volume and complexity
Rocessing tools as the data is not only
voluminous, but also unstructured like
our posts, instant messages and
chats, photographs that we share
through various sites, our tweets,
blog articles, news items, opinion
polls and their comments, audio/video
chats, etc. Big data not only
represents voluminous data, it also
involves various challenges like
integration, storage, analysis,
searching, processing, transfer,
querying and visualisation of such
data. Big data sometimes hold rich
Characteristics
of Big Data
Volum
e
The most prominent characteristic of
big data is its enormous size. If a
particular data set is of such large
size that it is difficult to process it
with traditional DBMS tools, it can
be termed as big data.
Velocit
y
It represents the rate at which
the data under consideration is
being generated and stored.
Variety
It asserts that a data set has
varied data, such as structured,
semi-structured and
unstructured data. Some
examples are text, images,
Veracit
y
Veracity refers to the trustworthiness
of the data because processing such
incorrect data can give wrong results
or mislead the interpretations.
Value
Big data is not only just a big pile of
data, but also possess to have
hidden patterns and useful
knowledge which can be of high
business value.
Data
Analytics
Data analytics is the process of
examining data sets in order to
draw conclusions about the
information they contain, with the
aid of specialised systems and
software. Data analytics
technologies are used in commercial
industries to enable organisations
to make more informed business
decisions.
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